Difference between light gas protection and heavy gas protection

The difference between light gas protection and heavy gas protection lies in the type of gas used and the scope of application.

Light gas protection is a method of using light inert gas (such as argon) to protect weld and molten pool during welding. Light gas protection is mainly suitable for welding non-ferrous metal materials, such as stainless steel and aluminum alloy. The light inert gas has low density, which can form a light protective layer, effectively preventing impurities such as oxygen in the air from entering the welding area, thus reducing oxidation and pollution. Heavy gas protection is the use of heavy protective gas, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), in the welding process. Heavy gas protection is mainly suitable for welding ferrous materials, such as carbon steel. Carbon dioxide has a high density, which can form a thick protective layer, effectively preventing oxygen in the air from entering the welding area and providing better protection effect. The choice of light gas protection and heavy gas protection depends on the type and requirements of welding materials. Light gas protection is suitable for materials sensitive to oxidation, providing high welding quality and appearance. Heavy gas protection is suitable for general carbon steel welding, which can provide higher welding speed and lower cost.