Business scope of cargo transportation company

Freight companies are companies that deliver goods, including transportation, storage, packaging and handling activities of enterprises and sellers themselves. What is the business scope of the freight forwarding company now? I will solve the business scope of the cargo transportation company for you, hoping to help you.

Business scope of cargo transportation company

Cargo transportation, auto repair, cargo distribution, logistics consulting, traffic information service, road rescue.

Basic information of cargo transportation company

Freight companies are companies that deliver goods, including transportation, storage, packaging and handling activities of enterprises and sellers themselves.

Traffic first attracts people's attention as the "third profit source". The so-called third profit source refers to the profit source of enterprises. The first profit source of an enterprise comes from the increase of enterprise sales, the second profit source is the reduction of production cost (for manufacturers) or procurement cost (for dealers), and the profit from cost reduction becomes the third profit source of an enterprise. Here, transportation is defined as the distribution of goods and materials, including a series of processes such as loading and unloading, transportation, storage and handling of manufacturers and distributors. The emphasis on freight has been promoted to the height of reducing costs and increasing profits, which has become the first turning point in the definition of freight. Freight companies usually use three main modes of transportation: sea, land and air.

In order to ensure the safe handover of import and export goods, various documents need to be prepared during the whole transportation process. These documents have their specific uses and depend on each other. They not only link ships, ports and goods together, but also distinguish their respective rights and businesses.

Introduce some major transport documents according to the actual business process.

booking note

Consignment bill, commonly known as "bill of lading", is a document that the shipper fills in according to the terms of trade contract and letter of credit and handles the consignment of goods to the carrier or its agent. The carrier shall accept the consignment according to the contents of the waybill and taking into account the ship's route, port of call, shipping schedule and shipping space.

shipping order

Bill of lading is a document that the shipping company accepts the shipper's application for loading and orders the captain to load. Bill of lading can be used not only as the basis for shipment, but also as one of the main documents for the owner to declare the export goods to the customs, so it is also called "customs declaration". For the shipper, the bill of lading is the proof that the goods have been properly consigned. For the shipping company or its agent, the bill of lading is a mandatory document to inform the ship to accept the shipment of goods.

mate's receipt

The receipt, also known as the first mate's receipt, is the receipt of the goods received by the ship and the proof that the goods have been loaded. The first mate on board shall sign the first mate's receipt according to the date, number of packages and shipping space marked on the tally sheet by the tallyman, and after checking with the loading list. The shipper shall exchange the on-board bill of lading with the receipt signed by the first mate.

Because the main items of the above three kinds of documents are basically the same, the practice of some major ports in China is to combine the consignment note, the loading list, the receipt and the freight notice to make a document of up to 9 copies. The function of each copy is as follows: the first copy is kept by the booking person and used to prepare the shipping documents. Two, the third is the freight notice, one copy is retained, and the other copy is collected with the one-way shipper. The fourth bill of lading can only be collected and loaded by the ship after it has been stamped with the release stamp by the customs. The fifth and sixth copies of the receipt shall be kept by the flight attendants. The seventh and eighth couplets are stowage receipts. The ninth contact is an application for paying port charges for exported goods. After the goods are loaded, the port area will charge the shipper the corresponding port miscellaneous fees.

Bill of Lading (Bill of Lading)

Bill of lading is a kind of goods ownership certificate. The holder of the bill of lading can use it to pick up the goods, or negotiate with the bank, or transfer the goods before the carrier ship arrives at the port of destination for delivery.

Loading list

The stowage list is a summary list of the stowage list compiled by the carrier according to the bottom of the stowage list. It classifies the goods to be loaded on the whole ship according to the destination port and the nature of the goods, and arranges them in the order of voyage and arrival port. Its contents include the number of the loading list, the name of the goods, the number of packages, the packing form, the gross weight, the estimated size and the description of the requirements or precautions for the shipment of special goods. The loading list is the main basis for the ship's first mate to prepare the stowage plan, and it is also the business document for the on-site tally personnel to tally the goods, the Hong Kong side to arrange lighterage, enter and leave the warehouse and the carrier to grasp the situation.

List (manifest)

The manifest is a summary list of the goods carried by the whole ship according to the port of shipment. It is compiled by the shipping company according to the receipt or bill of lading after the goods are loaded. Its main contents include cargo details, loading port and unloading port, bill of lading number, name of ship, name of consignor and consignee, label number, etc.

Loading plan diagram

Cargo stowage map is a cabin map compiled according to the actual loading situation of goods. It is a reference material for ship transportation, storage and unloading, and also a certificate for sorting goods, arranging berths and entering cabins at the unloading port.

delivery order

The bill of lading is the certificate that the consignee can pick up the goods from the port loading and unloading department by presenting the original bill of lading or the duplicate bill of lading with valid guarantee.

Logistics management has four main characteristics.

(1) Take customer satisfaction as the first goal;

(2) Taking the overall optimization of the enterprise as the goal;

(3) taking information as the center;

(4) Pay more attention to efficiency and effectiveness.

The on-board bill of lading refers to the bill of lading issued by the carrier to the shipper that the goods have been shipped.

The bill of lading received or received for shipment refers to the bill of lading issued when the carrier receives the goods but has not shipped them.

Direct bill of lading refers to the bill of lading issued by the goods after loading from the loading port and sailing directly to the unloading port without changing ships.

Full bill of lading or transhipment bill of lading refers to the bill of lading issued by the carrier at the loading port and transshipped to the destination port.

Multi-modal bill of lading refers to the bill of lading which is suitable for the whole transportation and is signed by two or more modes of transportation such as sea, inland river, railway, highway and aviation.

Liner Bill of Lading Liner Bill of Lading refers to a ship that continuously carries goods on specific routes between specific ports according to the published schedule. Gaskets can be divided into two types: regular and irregular.

Charter party bill of lading generally refers to the bill of lading issued by the shipowner to the charterer, or the bill of lading issued by the shipowner or the charterer, not all the goods of the charterer.

Only the consignee named in the bill of lading can take delivery of the goods. Generally speaking, the registered bill of lading is non-negotiable.

A straight bill of lading indicating a bill of lading usually has unlisted instructions (written instructions only) and listing instructions (shipper's instructions or consignee's instructions to * * company; * * bank instructions). This bill of lading can be transferred after endorsement is instructed.

A blank bill of lading or an open bill of lading does not contain any consignee or order, that is, any holder of the bill of lading has the right to take delivery.

The goods in the clean bill of lading are in good surface condition, and the carrier did not put forward any opinions on the damage, poor packaging or other obstacles to foreign exchange settlement when issuing the bill of lading.

Fouling of unclean bill of lading When the bill of lading is delivered, the packaging and surface state are not firm and complete, and the ship can make comments, which is an unclean bill of lading.

A bill of lading or non-negotiable receipt is applicable to small quantities of goods, luggage or samples.

The lowest freight bill of lading or the lowest freight bill of lading does not reach the minimum amount stipulated in the freight rate, but it is charged according to the stipulated minimum freight rate.

Combined Bill of Lading Mixed bill of lading or different batches of combined bill of lading goods are combined in one bill of lading, or different batches of the same liquid goods are packed in one oil tank. When issuing multiple bills of lading, the former is called combined bill of lading and the latter is called combined bill of lading.

A batch of goods divided into bills of lading, that is, goods with the same bill of lading, can be divided into two or more sets of bills of lading according to the shipper's requirements.

The date when the exporter delivers the settlement documents to the bank is too long from the sailing date of the ship, so that it is impossible to reach the expired bill of lading of the consignee at the destination port before the ship arrives at the destination port. Banks generally do not accept this kind of bill of lading.

Exchange of Bills of Lading A set of bills of lading issued at the port of departure of SWITCH B/L and renewed at the midway port as a stopover or transit point for this batch of goods.

Bill of Lading with Back Date The carrier issued the bill of lading before the actual loading completion date at the request of the shipper.

Advanced b/l Bill of Lading ADVANCED B/L Due to the expiration of the shipment date and settlement date stipulated in the letter of credit, the goods cannot be shipped for some reason, but the goods are under the control of the carrier or have already started to be shipped, and the shipper issues a letter of guarantee to require the carrier to borrow the bill of lading for the goods in advance.

DECK B/L manifest bill of lading or deck cargo bill of lading refers to the bill of lading that the goods are loaded on the open deck of a ship and marked "on deck".

Bill of lading issued by freight forwarder. Bill of lading is often issued when goods are transported from inland to inland. Technically and strictly legally, this kind of bill of lading lacks the effect of bill of lading.

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