What are the differences between Lu Chunqiu and Xu Xing's agricultural thoughts?

The difference between them lies in: Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals emphasizes agriculture over commerce, and advocates agriculture before commerce; Xu Xing disapproves of exploitation among businessmen, and the core of Xu Xing's thought is to oppose getting something for nothing.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu's agricultural thought was a policy of emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce.

There is such a passage in Lu's "Spring and Autumn Period, Shang Nong": If you give up this, you will never make it. If you don't place an order, you can't keep it or fight. If people give up the basics, they will have a property contract (light property), while their property contract is light (easy) to move. If they migrate lightly, the country will suffer, and everyone has a long-term vision and ulterior motives.

Generally speaking, if people give up agriculture and join industry and commerce, they will not obey orders, and they will not be able to defend their country and attack the enemy. If people give up agriculture as the foundation and devote themselves to industry and commerce, their property will be reduced, and if people's property is less, they will easily move. Then if there is a disaster in the country, they will deliberately avoid it and have no intention of living and working in peace and contentment.

Therefore, Lu Chunqiu Shangnong advocates attaching importance to the development of agriculture. This is the legalist school's consistent thought of "emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce".

2. Xu Xing's agricultural thought: the theory of supporting both the monarch and the people and the theory of city price.

Regarding the theory that the monarch and the people plow together, Xu Xing said: saints and the people plow together and eat, and govern the country by eating. In his view, a wise monarch needs people to participate in farming to eat, cook for themselves and do things for the people.

Jia's price theory is another important proposition put forward. On the basis of advocating social division of labor and mutual assistance, he proposed that people engaged in agricultural labor can directly exchange agricultural products for handicrafts, such as hats, pots and pans, iron farm tools and so on.