Comparison of traditional political characteristics between China and the West

The British constitutional monarchy parliament has supreme power, the lower house has legislative power and the upper house has judicial power. A large number of political party leaders were elected as prime ministers, holding state power and being responsible to the parliament. The monarch was unified but not dead.

The American presidential system (influenced by Montesquieu's enlightenment thought) is divided into three powers: Congress (legislative power), Supreme Court (judicial power) and President (executive power), and the three powers are independent and equal.

The French * * * and parliamentary governments have legislative power, and the President has executive power.

The emperor of the constitutional monarchy in Germany holds state power, and the prime minister is appointed by the emperor and is only responsible to the emperor. Parliament is a legislative body, but bills passed by the imperial parliament must be approved by the federal parliament and the emperor before they can take effect.