The Origin of Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival

The origins of Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival are as follows:

First, the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival:

The first edition of Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Qu Yuan, a great poet in history. This statement is widely circulated throughout the country and is most recognized by the people. Qu Yuan was a native of Chu in the Warring States Period. Like San Lv, he was a left-leaning official and doctor. Qu Yuan was honest, worried about the country and the people, and devoted himself to the political reform of the country. However, he was repeatedly attacked and persecuted by villains. In addition, Chu Huaiwang is fatuous and ignorant, and he doesn't distinguish between loyal subjects and traitors. Qu Yuan, who was full of loyalty to the monarch and love for the people, was alienated and exiled, and finally died in the Miluo River on the fifth day of May in grief and despair. People only commemorate him on the Dragon Boat Festival, and have the custom of eating zongzi and racing dragon boats.

The second version of Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Wu Zixu. Wu Zixu's famous ministers, Chu people, fathers and brothers were all killed by the ruthless King Chu Ping. Later, Wu Zixu fled to the State of Wu, helping the State of Wu to enrich the country and make peace, and helping the State of Wu conquer the State of Chu. After the Fifth World War, he entered the capital city of Chu. At that time, King Chu Ping was dead, and Wu Zixu dug a grave and whipped the corpse three hundred times to avenge his father and brother. After the death of He Lv, the king of Wu, his son Fu Cha succeeded to the throne, and Wu became stronger. He attacked Yue and won it in one fell swoop. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace, and Fu Cha agreed. At this time, Fu Cha, the prince of Wu, was carried away by the victory and began to be arrogant, refusing to listen to harsh advice. Wu Zixu suggested that he completely eliminate Yue State to avoid future troubles. Instead of listening, Fu Cha believed the slanderers who framed Wu Zixu and forced Wu Zixu to commit suicide. Before he died, Wu Zixu said to his neighbor, "After I die, I will gouge out my eyes and hang them on the east gate of Wujing, watching the Vietnamese army enter the city to destroy Wu." Then he drew his sword and committed suicide. Fu Cha was furious when he learned this. On May 5th, he put Wu Zixu's body in a leather bag and threw it into the river. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also a day to commemorate Wu Zixu.

The third edition of the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Cao E, the filial daughter of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao E was a native of Shangyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Her father drowned in the river, but she fished for several days without finding the body. At that time, Cao E, a filial daughter, was only 14 years old. She was heartbroken and cried by the river day and night. Seventeen days later, he jumped into the river on the fifth day of May, and five days later, he surfaced with his father's body in his arms. Cao E's Xiaogan is earth-shattering and widely circulated among the people. At that time, scholars and writers mourned and praised Cao E for looking for his father's filial piety in the river. The tomb of the dutiful daughter Cao E is in Shaoxing, Zhejiang today. There is a monument in front of the tomb, which is said to be written by Jin. Later, in order to commemorate Cao E's filial piety, Cao E Temple was built where Cao E threw himself into the river. The town where she lived was renamed Cao E Town, and the river where Cao E died was renamed Cao E River. People also come to pay homage to Cao E on the fifth day of May, when she jumped into the river to look for her father.

The fourth edition of the Dragon Boat Festival commemorates Qiu Jin, a modern revolutionary poetess. Qiu Jin, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, alias Ruiqing and Xiong Jing, No.1 Jianhu Woman, with a small print of Jade Valley. When I was young, I was good at poetry and songs, and I liked riding and fencing. She has the reputation of Mulan and Qin Liangyu in modern times. Joining the revolution at the age of 28 had a great influence. He planned a revolutionary uprising. Unfortunately, he was arrested by the Qing soldiers at the meeting and persevered. On the fifth day of June in the thirty-third year of Guangxu, he died heroically in Xuanhengkou, Shaoxing. Although Qiu Jin was martyred on the fifth day of June, later generations admired his poems and people and mourned his heroic deeds, so they compared him with the patriotic poet Qu Yuan and held a memorial ceremony on the Dragon Boat Festival to commemorate the heroine and poetess.

Second, the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival:

Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival in China, which falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year. The legend is to commemorate Chang 'e.

The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in Zhou Li. According to the ancient calendar of China, there are four seasons in a year, and each season has three months, which are called Meng Yue, Zhongyue and Yue Ji respectively. Because the second month of autumn is called Mid-Autumn Festival, and because the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month is in the middle of August, it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. It was not until the early years of the Tang Dynasty that the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival.

The Book of the New Tang Dynasty (Volume XV) and Records of Rites and Music contain "Spring and Autumn Period in Wang Wenxuan and Wang Wucheng", and "In the 19th year of Kaiyuan, Taigong Fu Shang Temple was set up, with Sean in Liu Hou as its partner. In the Mid-Spring and Mid-Autumn Festival, there are sacrifices, and the system of sacrificial music is like a text. " According to historical records, the festival that the ancient emperors sacrificed to the moon was the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which happened to be half that of Sanqiu, hence the name "Mid-Autumn Festival". Because this festival is in August in autumn, it is also called Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. There are also beliefs and related custom activities that pray for reunion, so they are also called "Reunion Festival" and "Daughter's Day". Because the main activities of Mid-Autumn Festival are around the moon, it is also commonly known as Moon Festival, Moon Festival, Moon Festival, Moon Festival and Moon Festival. In the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also called "correcting the moon".

The prevalence of Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty, and it became one of the major festivals in China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. About the origin of Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three kinds: from the worship of the moon in ancient times, from the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a spouse in ancient times, and from the custom of paying homage to the land god in ancient autumn.

August 15th of the lunar calendar is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. In China's lunar calendar, a year is divided into four seasons, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and Ji, so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon on August 15 is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "moonlit night" and "August Festival". On this night, people look up at the bright moon like jade in the sky and naturally look forward to family reunion. Wanderers who are far away from home also take this opportunity to pin their thoughts on their relatives in their hometown. Therefore, Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Reunion Festival".

Third, the origin of the Double Ninth Festival:

Wu Junzhi, a native of A Liang in the Southern Dynasties, was recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There was a man named Huan Jing in runan county. A great plague suddenly occurred in his place, and his parents in Dreamland died of illness, so he went to Southeast Mountain to learn from his teacher, and the fairy Fei Changfang gave Dreamland a demon-reducing dragon sword. Huan Jing gets up early and goes to bed late, wears a Dai Yue, studies hard and practices hard. One day, Fei Changfang said, "On September 9, the plague will come again, so you can go back and kill pests." And gave him a bag of dogwood leaves and a bottle of chrysanthemum wine, so that the elders in their hometown could climb high to avoid disaster. On September 9, he led his wife, children and fellow villagers to a nearby mountain. Take the dogwood leaves with you, but the plague demon is afraid to go near them. Then pour out the chrysanthemum wine, and everyone took a sip to avoid catching the plague. He fought the plague demon and finally killed it. Up to now, people on both sides of the Ruhe River are still telling stories about climbing mountains to avoid disasters and waving swords and stabbing demons on September 9. Since then, people celebrate the Double Ninth Festival and have the custom of climbing mountains on the Double Ninth Festival.

The Double Ninth Festival (also known as the Festival for the Elderly) is a traditional festival of the Han nationality, which falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month every year. Because the Book of Changes defines "six" as a negative number and "nine" as a positive number, on the ninth day of September, the sun and the moon merge into one, so it is called Chongyang, also known as Chongyang. The Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was officially designated as a folk festival, which has been inherited ever since. There is a folk custom of climbing mountains on this day, so the Double Ninth Festival is also called "Mountain Climbing Festival", and there are other sayings such as Cornus officinalis Festival and Chrysanthemum Festival. People usually climb mountains, enjoy chrysanthemums, drink chrysanthemum wine, insert dogwood and eat cakes when celebrating the Double Ninth Festival. In addition, because the homonym of "99" on the ninth day of September is "long-lasting", it has a lasting meaning, so ancestor worship and filial piety activities are often carried out on this day.