How did Russian ballet develop?

The development of Russian ballet art stems from two reasons. First, it is the victory of its democratic revolutionary movement and realistic literature, and it is the ideological foundation of literary aesthetics laid by philosophers, thinkers and aestheticians for Russian literature and art. For example, belinsky, a pioneer of Russian civilian intellectuals, built his literary thoughts on awakening human dignity. Belinsky opposed the romantic art, he thought: "Romantic art is to move the world to the sky, and its pursuit is always in the sky, outside the real life." "All works that are not rigorous, unclear, confusing and seemingly rich in meaning but poor in meaning should be called romanticism." In Russian, belinsky's thought of taking the lead in opposing romantic literary thoughts also directly influenced ballet works. He also said: "If a work of art only describes life for the sake of describing life, there is no strong subjective motivation rooted in the dominant spirit of the times, if it is not a wail of pain or a highly enthusiastic praise, if it is not a question or an answer to a question, it is dead to our times." His attack on The Romantic Period's literary works is more clear. Works of art should reflect the spirit of the times, be vivid emotional expressions, solve problems, and learn to express contemporary social consciousness with beautiful images, otherwise it is not art. He also advocates romanticism, but he thinks it should be positive romanticism full of strong love and hate, and he opposes negative romanticism that belittles people's ideology. He believes: "In real works of art, all images are fresh and primitive, and no one repeats another image. Each image exists with its unique life." Belinsky's artistic aesthetic thought influenced Russian ballet art, which was slightly behind literature at that time.

The second reason why ballet is popular in Russia is the strong advocacy of the Russian czar. Ballet art was introduced to Russia in the second half of the17th century after Russian envoys saw it in Western Europe. 1742, Queen Petrovna ordered the establishment of a ballet company in Petersburg. 1773, the Moscow Dance Academy was established and later expanded into the Moscow Dance School. At that time, ballet art was a comprehensive art of music, dance and pantomime, which was deeply loved by people and quickly became popular. At that time, Peter the Great of Russia also actively held various dances, advocated social activities, and hired many foreign dance teachers. The rapid popularization of dance education has played a prelude to the development of Russian ballet art. The rise of Russian modern ballet art is inseparable from the famous composer Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky, choreographer Ivanov, dancers pavlova, ulanova and Fu Jin. They pushed ballet to the top. World-famous representative dramas include Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty and Nutcracker.