What are the cultural customs in Tibetan areas?

What are the Tibetan customs? What are the cultural customs in Tibetan areas?

What are the customs of Tibetans?

Tibetans are one of the ethnic minorities in China, with a long history and unique civilization. Tibetans originated from an agricultural tribe in the middle of the Yarlung Zangbo River basin. Their men's and women's clothes have been preserved intact. They are characterized by long sleeves, wide waist, long skirts and boots, unrestrained men's wear and elegant and chic women's wear. Tibetans pay great attention to etiquette. In daily life, they bow to their elders and peers in different ways. For example, when you meet an elder or a respected person, you should take off your hat, bend over 45 degrees, hold your hat in both hands and stay close to the ground. Tibetans have many taboos about eating meat. Generally only eat beef and mutton, not horses, donkeys, mules, especially dog meat.

What are the cultural customs in Tibetan areas?

1. The technology, life interest, aesthetic concept, morality and ethics and religious belief contained in costumes can all be living fossils for studying Tibetan culture. Due to the different geographical climate and products, it can be said that in Tibetan areas, "there are different customs in a hundred miles and different winds in a thousand miles."

1, the main clothing of Tibetan robes, is wide-sleeved and sewn with fabrics such as cloth and animal fur. , wide body, waist belt.

2. Kangba costumes in eastern Tibet wear gold, silver, ivory, coral, agate, jade and other jewelry on the head, neck, ears and hands. The waist is hung with Tibetan knives, falchions, wallets, snuff bottles, sewing boxes and other daily necessities, which are convenient, practical and decorative.

3. The sheepskin robes in northern Tibet are mostly made of light leather during the day and used as quilts at night. Some cuffs, skirts and hem are sewn with black velveteen edges. In summer, herders wear red tassel felt hats, and beautifully made broadswords, snuff bottles, waist knives, muskets and body-expanding symbols are hung around their waists. Shepherd girls in northern Tibet sew red, blue and green velvet strips as decorations. Usually, milk bucket hooks, sewing boxes and grazing whips are hung on their waists. When celebrating festivals, they will hang necklaces and gold and silver ornaments, comb their hair into multiple braids, and wear woolen cloth or long shawls covered with turquoise, shells and silver coins.

4. Lhasa folk women make short-sleeved summer dresses with wool or silk, and wear Tibetan shirts inside. Married women wear colorful dresses made of wool or silk around their waists. Wear sheepskin long-sleeved Tibetan clothes and "sheep summer hat" in winter. Ornaments include pearls, corals, turquoise and other "bazhu" crowns and various earrings, necklaces and rings. Hereditary aristocratic ladies wear herringbone pearls and pearl crowns, while ordinary ladies can only wear coral pearls. Turquoise earrings, brooches and necklaces of various textures are worn according to their own financial resources. In summer, men wear robes made of wool or cloth, Tibetan shirts, hats and boots. Its social status can be seen from its clothes. Tibetan monks have different costumes due to different sects, but the colors of their costumes are roughly the same. Except for the Kagyu Sect, they all wear yellow and red monk clothes.

Second, the diet is mainly wheat, rice, highland barley and other cereals, mainly highland barley suitable for plateau growth.

1. After the highland barley is fried, it is ground into powder and flour, which is called Ciba, which is divided into refined Ciba without bran and coarse Ciba without bran. Add a small amount of wine and cream to eat with meat, vegetables, butter tea and so on.

2. Butter is an indispensable food in daily life in Tibetan areas. Extracted from fresh milk, it is a high-protein and high-calorie food, which has the functions of increasing calories and resisting hypoxia.

3. Butter tea Butter, tea and salt are indispensable for butter tea.

4. Other Tibetan drinks include green tea, sweet tea, fresh milk and highland barley wine (low-alcohol wine made by highland barley fermentation, which is sweet and refreshing).

Third, housing.

1, Diaofang is a very distinctive residential building form. Generally, there are two floors: the upper living place, the bottom livestock and the storage room. Small windows and narrow doors are widely used to keep out the wind and cold. The pillars and beams of the house are painted with colorful decorative paintings. The roof is basically flat-topped, and it is paved with Aga soil (a naturally occurring semi-limestone-ash mixed clay, which is beaten for a long time after adding water, and then coated with ghee or elm juice, which is as hard as stone and as smooth as glass after drying). Pay more attention to the decoration of the door. Generally, a black strip about one foot wide is painted on both sides of the door and the lintel, and various folk patterns are painted on the lintel; In rural areas, the sun and the moon are generally painted in the middle of the door beams, and there are some symmetrical animal exorcism paintings on both sides of the door. Generally, blue, white, red, yellow and green prayer flags are inserted on the roof. Blue represents the sky, white represents clouds, red represents fire, yellow represents the earth, and green represents water. It is replaced once a year in the Tibetan New Year to pray for peace in the coming year.

2. Yak tent is a typical rural house, made of coarse wool spinning, with wooden poles in it and walls made of grass cakes or dung cakes around it. Although simple, but the texture is thick and thick, not afraid of wind and rain, not afraid of snow and freezing, convenient to move at any time.

Four, transport mule, yak, camel as a means of transport, or on foot.

1, Ma Qinghai, an indispensable faithful companion to life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Tibetans have special feelings for horses and are very particular about saddles.

2. Yak is known as a boat on the plateau. Although the action is slow, it has strong endurance and is the most ideal means of transportation in alpine mountainous areas.

3, donkey feed is easy to solve, and it is the transport animal power raised by every household in agricultural areas.

Cowhide boat is the most common means of water transportation. Supported by tough wood, covered with several layers of sewn cowhide, cowhide becomes soft after soaking in water, and it is not afraid of reef impact, so the depth of the river can be rowed. After crossing the river, you can hang the cowhide boat, carry it on your shoulders and move it at any time.

Verb (short for verb) tool

1, the gold, silver and jade industry appeared during the Tubo period. Hicks, wine glasses, spoons, chopsticks, plates and many other daily necessities are made of pure gold and pure silver, and some are inlaid or wrapped with gold, silver and jade. Stoves, pots and pans are mainly made of copper. Specifications are eclectic, workmanship is exquisite and delicate, and the surface is covered with three-dimensional auspicious patterns.

2. Wood is more common in Tibet. The wooden bowl is convenient and durable, smooth and beautiful, easy to carry, and does not change its taste or burn its mouth. There are many kinds, such as large bowls for kneading dough, small bowls for drinking butter tea, and covered bowls for putting things. Generally carved from knots of birch, city bus and miscellaneous wood, it is not easy to break, with clear texture, beautiful appearance and antiviral effect.

3. Leather products are often used in pastoral areas. Sewing tea salt packets and Ciba packets with leather, especially leather bowl covers, is beautiful and durable.

4.4600 years ago, the pottery unearthed from Karuo site in Changdu is still loved by Tibetan people.