Comparison of the characteristics of five common modes of transportation

Serial number, mode: Advantages; disadvantages; suitable for the transportation of goods:

1, railroad transportation: large capacity, speed, freight costs are lower, less affected by natural factors, continuity is good; railroad cost is high, covers a wide area, high cost of short-distance transportation; bulk bulky, heavy, long-distance transportation of goods.

2, road transport: flexible, fast turnover, easy loading and unloading, strong adaptability to various natural conditions; small capacity, energy consumption, high cost, high freight; short distances, small amount of goods.

3, waterway transportation: large volume, less investment, low cost; slow, poor flexibility and continuity, by the waterway hydrographic conditions and meteorological and other natural conditions have a great impact; bulk, long-distance, time does not require a high demand for goods.

4, air transport: fast speed, high efficiency, is the fastest way of modern transportation; capacity is small, energy consumption, high freight, and equipment investment, strict technical requirements; urgent, valuable, small amount of goods.

5. Pipeline transportation: small loss, strong continuity, smooth and safe, easy to manage, large capacity; large investment in equipment, poor flexibility; a large number of fluid goods.

Expanded Information:

Reasonable choice of mode of transport:

In various modes of transport, how to choose the appropriate mode of transport is an important logistics rationalization Problems. Generally speaking, it should be decided from the level of service required by the logistics system and the permissible logistics costs. One mode of transportation can be used or intermodal transportation can be used.

Deciding on the mode of transportation can be based on the consideration of specific conditions, the following five specific items carefully studied and considered:

(1) varieties of goods

On the varieties of goods and the nature and shape of the goods should be described in the packaging project, the choice of suitable for the characteristics of the goods and the shape of these modes of transport, the goods on the affordability of the freight charges to be carefully considered.

(2) the duration of transportation

The duration of transportation must be linked to the date of delivery, and the time limit for transportation should be guaranteed. Various means of transportation must be investigated for the transportation time required, according to the transportation time to choose the means of transportation.

The order of the speed of the transportation time is generally in the order of air transportation, automobile transportation, railroad transportation and ship transportation. Each means of transportation can be arranged in accordance with its speed grouping to schedule, plus its two ends and transit operation time, you can calculate the required transportation time. In the flow of goods, to study the current situation of these modes of transportation, planned transportation, hoping that an accurate delivery date is the basic requirement.

(3) Transportation costs

The cost of transportation varies according to the type, weight, volume and distance of the goods. Moreover, transportation costs change depending on the means of transportation. In considering the cost of transportation, it must be noted that freight and other logistics subsystems have a mutually beneficial relationship, can not only consider the cost of transportation to determine the mode of transportation, to be determined by the full assembly of the original decision.

(4) transport distance

From the transport distance, in general, can be in accordance with the following principles: 300 kilometers or less, by car; 300 to 500 kilometers of the interval, by rail; 500 kilometers or more, by ship. Generally take this choice is more economical and reasonable.

(5) transport batch

The impact of transport batch, because of the low cost of high-volume transportation, should be as much as possible to make the goods concentrated to the final consumer near the choice of suitable means of transport is a good strategy to reduce costs. Generally speaking, 15 to 20 tons of commodities below the car transport; 15 to 20 tons of commodities above the railroad transport; hundreds of tons of raw materials and other commodities, should choose the ship transport.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Mode of Transportation