What are the intangible cultural heritages in Quanzhou?

Quanzhou Nanyin, Quanzhou Beiguan, Quanzhou Chest Dance, Liyuan Opera, Gaojia Opera, Quanzhou Puppet Show, Jinjiang Bag Puppet Show, Hui 'an Stone Carving, Quanzhou Lantern, Dehua Porcelain Burning Technique, Hui 'an Women's Wear. Quanzhou Nanyin: Quanzhou Nanyin is the oldest existing traditional ancient music. Originated in the Tang Dynasty and formed in the Song Dynasty, it is mainly popular in southern Fujian, Taiwan Province Province and the Nanyang Islands where overseas Chinese live. Quanzhou Nanyin is also called Nanqu, Nanle, Nanguan and Xianguan.

Quanzhou Nanyin, Quanzhou Beiguan, Quanzhou Chest Dance, Liyuan Opera, Gaojia Opera, Quanzhou Puppet Show, Jinjiang Bag Puppet Show, Hui 'an Stone Carving, Quanzhou Lantern, Dehua Porcelain Burning Technique, Hui 'an Women's Wear.

1, Quanzhou Nanyin: Quanzhou Nanyin is the oldest existing traditional ancient music. Originated in the Tang Dynasty and formed in the Song Dynasty, it is mainly popular in southern Fujian, Taiwan Province Province and the Nanyang Islands where overseas Chinese live. Quanzhou Nanyin, also known as Nanqu, Nanyue, Nanguan and Xianguan, is known as the "living fossil" of traditional music culture. In the Tang dynasty, the pipa was widely used, and it was held horizontally. Quanzhou Nanyin has maintained this inheritance so far. The clappers used by Nanyin are the same as those used in Dunhuang murals. Nanqu is mainly popular in Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan 'an, Anxi, Yongchun, Longxi and Xiamen. It is also popular in places where overseas Chinese live in Taiwan Province Province and Nanyang Islands.

2. Quanzhou Beiguan: Quanzhou Beiguan is a traditional music of silk and bamboo popular in Quangang District, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages. Beiguan is also called Beiqu, Xiaoqu, Xiaoqu and Quzi. In the early years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, the folk music in Jianghuai area entered Quangang District of Quanzhou along with ships, salt soldiers in the south and refugees from Huaihe River, and gradually formed the music of Quanzhou Beiguan. The music style of Beiguan in Quanzhou not only retains the bright and elegant folk songs in Jianghuai area, but also adds the soft and beautiful music of Minnan and Puxian. With a rich and simple character, it is known as the "Voice of the Son of Heaven".

3. Quanzhou chest-beating dance: chest-beating dance, also known as chest-beating, seventh ring-beating, flower-beating and flower-dancing. It is a traditional dance that originated in Quanzhou, Fujian, and is widely spread in Quanzhou, the southern coastal areas of Fujian and counties and districts in Zhangzhou and Xiamen, Taiwan Province Province. Especially in the whole state, from all kinds of major cultural activities organized by the government, large-scale literature and art street-stepping, to small gatherings and celebrations of various departments and units, to folk games in rural areas of Li Xiang, and even weddings, funerals and celebrations of ordinary people's homes can be seen everywhere. "Breastbeating Dance" has become the most common, typical and representative traditional folk dance in Quanzhou and southern Fujian.

4. Liyuan Opera: Liyuan Opera is one of the Han operas in Fujian Province, China. It originated in Quanzhou in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and is also called "the voice of Fujian and Zhejiang" with Zhejiang Southern Opera, and is known as "the living fossil of ancient Southern Opera". On May 20th, 2006, Liyuan Opera was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

5. Gaojia Opera: Gaojia Opera is a local traditional opera in Quanzhou, Fujian, and one of the national intangible cultural heritages. Gaojia Opera, also known as "Ge Jia Opera", "Jiujiao Opera", "Dapan Opera" and "Tuban Opera", originated in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, and originated from a costume parade in the rural areas of southern Fujian in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties to dress up as Liangshan heroes and perform martial arts skills. There are more than 900 kinds of traditional operas in Gaojia Opera, and the performances can be divided into three categories: "Atmospheric Opera" (go to the opera and Martial Arts Opera), "Xiufang Opera" and "Ugly Dan Opera". The role of Gaojia Opera was originally only raw, Dan and ugly, but later it was added with two colors: clean, paste, outside, end, north (clean) and miscellaneous. The performing arts of Gaojia Opera come from Liyuan Opera, Puppet Opera, Yiyang Opera, Huizhou Opera and Beijing Opera. The musical aria of Gaojia Opera is mainly Nanqu, with "puppet tune" and folk tune. There are two kinds of musical instruments used in Gaojia Opera: Chinese and English.

6. Quanzhou puppet show: Quanzhou puppet show, called suspension spring puppet in ancient times, originated in Qin and Han Dynasties. According to documents, it was popular in Quanzhou and its surrounding areas at the latest in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Since then, it has been passed down from Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty to the present age. Up to now, more than 700 traditional plays and a unique opera music "Puppet Tune" composed of more than 300 songs have been preserved. (Including ancient musical instruments such as "Foot Drum" and "Gong Ju" and their corresponding playing techniques). At the same time, it has formed a set of exquisite and standardized operating line kung fu (traditional basic line gauge), as well as unique even-headed sculpture, idol plastic arts and production technology. It is one of the first national intangible cultural heritages.

7. Jinjiang puppet show: Jinjiang puppet show, also known as Nanpai puppet show, is a local traditional drama in Jinjiang City, Fujian Province. Refers to the puppet show in the palm of Quanzhou, which sings in the spring cavity, which is different from the northern puppet show in Zhangzhou. 20 19, 1 1, the list of representative national intangible cultural heritage protection units was announced, and Jinjiang Palm Puppet Art Protection and Inheritance Center was awarded the qualification of "Jinjiang Bag Puppet Show" protection unit.

Hui 'an Stone Carving: Hui 'an Stone Carving is a local traditional art in Hui 'an County, Fujian Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages. As early as 1600 years ago in the Jin Dynasty, Hui 'an stone carving had been used as a permanent art. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Hui 'an stone carving technology was improved day by day. Hui 'an stone carving mainly served religion in the early days, and it has a strong religious color. It is mainly reflected in the architectural design, carving and installation of Guan Gong Temple, the construction and carving of towers, pavilions, columns and columns inside and outside the temple, and the superb carving of statues of gods and buddhas. After 1000 years of reproduction and development, Hui 'an stone carving still retains a very pure artistic tradition in China, maintaining a very complete continuity, and has not been alienated by western foreign cultures so far, with a strong national character.

9. Quanzhou Lantern: Quanzhou Lantern is one of the famous traditional handicrafts in Fujian Province. Every year around the Lunar New Year and the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month, people hang red lanterns symbolizing reunion to create an auspicious and festive atmosphere. Since the Tang Dynasty, Quanzhou Lantern Festival flourished in the Song and Yuan Dynasties and has continued to this day. Quanzhou Lantern Festival has a long history and a wide influence. It has distinctive local and artistic characteristics in all parts of the country and is the representative of the Southern Lantern Festival.

10, Dehua porcelain firing technology: Dehua porcelain firing technology is a local traditional handicraft skill in Dehua, Fujian. Dehua ceramics production began in the Neolithic Age, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and developed in the contemporary era. Dehua porcelain carving began in the Song Dynasty and never stopped, forming a unique traditional craft. One is directly molding with high-quality kaolin, and the other is to turn clay sculpture into a mold, and then pour it out or rub it out for molding. After drying, it is decided whether to glaze, and then it is fired at a high temperature of 1000 degrees.

1 1, Hui 'an women's dress: Hui 'an women's dress, wearing a flower headscarf, a gold hat, a lake blue slanted top and black wide pants. Most of the flowers in the headscarf are small blue flowers with a white background and look lively and bright; The headscarf tightly covered her cheeks, revealing only her eyebrows, eyes, mouth and nose, showing the subtle and quiet beauty of Hui woman. Hui 'an women's characteristic dress is unique among Han women's dresses, and it is a part of the essence of China traditional dress. They are known as "a wonderful flower in women's clothing" and have high practical artistic value and folk culture research value.