Drawing of a standard 400-meter track and field

If the track is a standard 400 meter track with a radius of 36 meters, the 100 meter track is usually chosen to be the east side of the track, starting from north to south. At the end of the 100 meters there is a recording platform. From the starting line, 100 meters backward is the starting point of the 200 meters; the starting point of the 400 meters and the 800 meters is the same as the ending point of the 100 meters. The starting point of 1500 meters is the same as the starting point of 400 meters and 800 meters, which is the end point of 100 meters. The starting point of 1500 meters is 100 meters from the end point of 100 meters, which is 100 meters forward. Structure of a semicircular track

The track of a semicircular track consists of two semicircular curves of equal radius and two equal straight sections.

(I) Longitudinal axis

The longitudinal axis is also called the center line. It is located in the center of the field and divides the field into two equal parts along the longitudinal axis. This line is the basic line for the design and construction of an athletic field, and it has a center point and the centers of the two curves.

(2) the center

The center is the center of the whole track and field, located in the longitudinal axis of the midpoint, it is to determine the center of the circle of the bends at both ends of the reference point. After the completion of the track and field, should be marked with a fixed sign, in order to prepare for the use.

(C) the center

semicircular track and field has two centers, both in the longitudinal axis, and the center of the distance is equal. It is the bend in the edge of the protrusion, the protrusion of the outer edge and the center of the circle of the dividing line. Should be marked with a fixed sign for use.

(D) Inner and outer prominence

The inner and outer prominence of the runway are the inner and outer edges of the runway. The height and width of the prominence are both 5 centimeters, and the width of the prominence is not included in the width of the track.

(5) Straight and curved line

The straight and curved line is the line through the center of the circle, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, which separates the straight and curved sections of the track. The straight and curved line at the end of the runway is usually called the first straight and curved line, and then the second, third, and fourth straight and curved lines are arranged counterclockwise.

(F) straight section and straight road

Straight section refers to the two curves between the straight runway, track and field has two straight section, a straight section length is equal to the distance between the center of the two circles, straight road is a straight section and straight section at both ends of the extension of a section of the runway of the general term. Standard semicircular track and field straight length of not less than 140 meters.

(7) lane width and track width

Lane width refers to the width of each lane. For a standard track and field or a regular competition, the rules of athletics stipulate that the width of the lanes should be 1.22 meters or 1.25 meters. The width of the track is the width between the inner and outer cornice, also known as the total width of the track.

(viii) Lane divider

The lane divider is the line dividing the track into lanes, which is 5 centimeters wide and is included in the width of the inside lane.

(ix) Calculation line

The calculation line is the line that calculates the perimeter of the track and the perimeter of the lanes, and is not drawn on the track. The rules of athletics stipulate that the line for the perimeter of the first lane is 0.30 meters from the outer edge of the inside edge, and the line for the perimeter of the remaining lanes is 0.20 meters from the outer edge of the inside lane line.

Second, the standard semicircular track and field runway calculation

The standard semicircular track and field, the first track perimeter of 400 meters, it has a different radius design, commonly used 36 meters, 36.50 meters, 37.898 meters, etc. These are approved by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). These are the standard semicircular track and field approved by IAAF. The following 36-meter radius track and field as an example to explain the calculation of the runway.

(a) Calculation of the circumference of the track

1. Calculation of the length of the bends The sum of the lengths of the two bends of a semicircular track and field is equal to the circumference of a circle. According to the circumference of the formula C = 2πr, the length of the two curves of the first subway:

2 × 3.1416 × (36 + 0.30) m = 228.08m

A curve length of 228.08 / 2 = 114.04m

2. Calculation of the length of the straight section

The length of the two straight sections = the total length of the runway - the two curves = 400m-228.08m = 400m-228.08m = 400m-228.08m = 400m-228.08m = 400m-228.08m. 400m-228.08m=171.92m

The length of one straight section is 171.92/2=85.96m

3. Calculation of the full length of the runway The full length of the runway=two curves+two straight sections

=228.08+171.92=400m

(2) Calculation of the length of the curves of the subways

The rules of the track and field competition stipulate that the length of the curves of the track and field is to be calculated. p> Athletics competition rules, the first lane calculation line is 0.30 meters away from the outer edge of the inner burst, the rest of the lane calculation line is 0.20 meters away from the outer edge of the inner lane. According to the circumference formula C = 2πr, therefore, the calculated line length of the two bends of each diversion is:

Diversion 1 (C1) = 2π(r + 0.30) = 228.08 meters

Diversion 2 (C2) = 2π[r + (1 × 1.22) + 0.20] = 235.12 meters

Diversion 3 (C3) = 2π[r + (2 × 1.22) + 0.20] = 235.12 meters

Diversion 3 (C3) = 2π[r + (2 × 1.22) + 0.20] = 2π[r + (2 × 1.22) + 0.20] = 0.20 meters from the outer edge of the inner diversion. 1.22)+0.20]=242.78 meters

The 4th lane (C4)=2π[r+(3×1.22)+0.20]=250.45 meters

From the above calculations, we can derive the formula for calculating the perimeter of the N bends:

The Nth lane (Cn)= 2π[r+(n-1)d+0.20]

(C) Calculation of the number of front stretches of the starting line

Through the calculation of the perimeter of each lane bend, we can see that the perimeter of the first lane bend is 228.08 meters, and the perimeter of the second lane bend is 235.12 meters. The perimeter of the curve in lane 2 is 7.04 meters longer than the perimeter of the curve in lane 1. In order for the athletes in the lanes after lane 2 to run the same distance as the athletes in lane 1 during the race, the start of the lanes after lane 2 must be extended some distance forward. The distance that should be extended forward compared to lane 1 is called the starting line advance. The starting line reach is calculated as follows:

Wn=2π[r+(n-1)d+0.20]- 2π(r +0.30)

=2π[(n-1)d -0.1]

The above is the formula for calculating the starting line reach for two turns. If you run 1 turn or 3 turns, the formula for calculating the starting line reach is:

Wn =π[(n-1)d -0.1] (1 turn)

Wn =3π[(n-1)d -0.1] (3 turns)

Lecture 2: Trail Running Course (2)

The purpose of this lecture is to teach you how to calculate the starting line reach for two turns, and how to use the formula for calculating the starting line reach for two turns, and how to calculate the starting line reach for two turns.

Teaching Objectives and Tasks:

1, master the calculation of tangent difference

2, master the standard semicircular track and field runway drawing

3, proficiency in the calculation of sine measurement method and cosine measurement method

(D) the calculation of tangent difference

Some track events, athletes are required to split the track first, running a certain distance to the marking line, then run to the track, then run to the marking line, then run to the track. After running a certain distance to the marking line, the athletes will then run in a non-separated lane. In this way, when the athletes from the outside lane cut into the inside lane, they have to run a little bit more distance than the athletes from the first lane, and this distance is called the cut-in difference. The cut-off is calculated as follows:

CEW is the cut-off of the athlete in the fifth lane.

It is known that: AC=AB=DE AD=BE Find the length of CE

Solution: According to the collinear theorem DC = AC -AD

Then DC= AC -AD

Since CE=DE-DC

Therefore, CE=DE- AC -AD

Based on the above conclusion, we get the formula to find the cut-off difference as follows. Formula:

K=S-S-S [(n-1)d-0.10]

This formula can be used to calculate any radius, any lane width and any lane cut. For programs with partial splits, the tangent difference should be added to the starting stretch to determine the starting line position.

(E) the length of the curve on the measurement and calculation

semicircular track and field track, by two equal straight section and two equal radius of the curve composed of the measurement of the length of the straight road is relatively easy, do not need to calculate, you can use a steel ruler or tape measure along the inner edge of the protruding edge or the line of separation measurement, measurement of the curve on the more difficult. At present, there are more ways to measure the length of the curved road, but the accuracy of the direct measurement method is poor, latitude and longitude measurement method to calculate and measure the angle of the more difficult. The requirements for runway measurement are accurate, simple and practical. Here are two ways to measure the length of a curve with a known curve length, and then measure the curve with the sine length.1. Sine measurement.2. Cosine measurement

1. Calculation of Sine measurement

Sine measurement, also known as the straight sine measurement, is a way to know the length of an arc, and then use the sine theorem to calculate the length of its chord, and then use the chord to measure the length of an arc to measure the curve.

2. Cosine measurement method of calculation

Cosine measurement method is based on an arbitrary triangle, known two sides of their angle, the application of the cosine theorem to calculate the angle of the opposite side of the length of the method to measure the length of the curve. As long as there is a measurement reference point, the cosine measurement method can be calculated and measured outward from the required position on each subchannel, also known as the radial measurement method, which is a highly efficient measurement method, and is therefore widely used. An example of cosine measurement is given.

Third, the drawing of the track

Before holding athletic competitions and tests, the track of the track should be drawn. In order to make the drawing of the line work done quickly and accurately, before the drawing of the line should be aware of the situation of the site, grasp and calculate a variety of data that need to be measured, but also to prepare the drawing of the line of equipment, which is conducive to the drawing of the line of work.

(a) lane splitting line painting

Painting lane splitting line, should be the outer edge of the runway along the outer edge of the protruding as a benchmark, the lane splitting line is 5 cm of gray line drawn. For a standard course or a regular race, the lane width should be 1.22 meters or 1.25 meters.

When drawing straight dividing lines, take the outer edge of the inner cornice as the base, and make a marking point on the dividing line between straight and curved segments, from the inside to the outside, every 1 dividing width. Then use a measuring tape or rope to draw a 5-centimeter wide white and gray line, that is, the straight section of the subway line.

Drawing curved lane dividing line, generally the first special rake to draw the marking line, and then, then along the marking line to draw a 5-centimeter wide gray line. Note that when drawing the line with a nail rake, the beam of the nail rake to point to the center of the circle.

(2) lane running program start line and finish line lot drawing

In order to facilitate the work of the competition, track and field end is usually fixed. Generally, the finish line is placed on the first straight and curved section of the dividing line. In order to facilitate the work of the referee, behind the finish line, every 1 meter to draw a line parallel to the finish line, *** painted five, in the first parallel line, but also should be marked with a white and gray line the number of lane of each lane.

Split lane running or part of the split lane running project start line, drawing now, should pay attention to make the extension of the start line through the center of the circle of the curve.

(C) not divided into running projects start line drawing

Trail race in the 1500 meters, 3,000 meters, 5,000 meters, 10,000 meters of running and other items of the competition is not divided into running. At the start, in order to make all the athletes run the same distance when they reach the finish line, the starting line must be drawn as an arc. Since some of these events start on a straight course and some start on a curved course, the starting line is drawn differently.

1. After the start into the straight project start line drawing standard semicircular track and field on the 1500-meter race is after the start into the straight, the start line is drawn to the third straight, curved section of the demarcation line from the inner edge of the outer edge of the protrusion of 30 centimeters as the center of the circle, backward to 100 meters as the radius of the arc and the runway intersection of the inner and outer edge of the protrusion of the arc for the starting line along the back of the drawing of the 5-centimeter wide gray line that is the 1500