How are Korean traditional musical instruments made?

The main traditional musical instruments are: flute, piccolo, cymbal, suona and other wind instruments; Xi Qin (Hu Xiang), ukulele, tooth Zheng and other stringed instruments; Xuan Qin (Xuan He Qin), Ga Ya Qin and other plucked instruments and percussion instruments such as stick drum (long drum), tambourine, drum set, gong, Daikin and Xiaojin. Among them, gayageum is one of the oldest traditional musical instruments.

There were more than 40 kinds of early Korean folk musical instruments, many of which were lost. Only more than ten kinds of musical instruments, such as Ga Yeqin, Suona, Dong Xiao, Changgu, Paigu, Dizi, Piccolo and cymbals, have been handed down so far.

A plucked stringed instrument used by the Korean nation.

Gayageum is the first traditional stringed instrument of Korean nationality, and it is a plucked instrument with strong national color. Its shape is similar to that of the Han musical instrument Guzheng. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Gaye Gum was "the piano face of China Music Department" and "King Jiashi of Guo Jia, according to the musical instruments of the Tang Dynasty". When Gaqin is played, one end is on the ground and the other end is on the leg. It is played with the right hand and the left hand, and the performance posture is steady and elegant. Gayageum consists of * * * boxes, strings and piano codes. * * * The speaker is 150 cm long, 25 cm wide and 5 cm thick in the middle. The materials are made of buttonwood board and birch board respectively. Qin thread is made of silk. *** 13 string, both ends are fixed at the head and tail respectively, and the head has a string pillow. 13 strings are supported by code posts, and the piano head can be moved left and right to adjust the scale. Gayageum is a folk musical instrument with strong performance, which is good at expressing the warmth of the nation. Therefore, gayageum's playing and singing is a form of performance that people of all ethnic groups love to see and hear.

erhu

Xiqin is a bowstring instrument that Korean people like to use. According to legend, it was created by the Xi tribe in the northeast of China in the Song Dynasty, hence the name. Xiqin can play all kinds of music flexibly with cadence and continuity, and can vividly show various emotions such as emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions, emotions. Musicians in all previous dynasties used soap trees with excellent wood grain in Changbai Mountain as vibrating plates, bamboo with an inner diameter of 10 cm as piano tubes, silk as strings, and thin bamboo poles with ponytails as bows. Later, after practice and innovation from generation to generation, Chinese parasol trees were gradually used as vibrating plates instead of jacaranda wood, and steel wires were used as strings instead of silk. The playing method has also been improved, from "grasping the strings" to "pressing the strings with your fingers", and at the same time, the violin playing techniques have been absorbed to make it play better. Western Qin has a long history. Japanese militarism invaded China, the national cultural heritage was trampled, and the art of the Western Qin Dynasty was interrupted. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the production and performing arts of Xiqin of Yanbian Korean nationality were gradually restored and developed. Many Korean artists performed Western Qin solos on the art stage at home and abroad, which were warmly welcomed by Chinese and foreign people.

Tongxiao

Tongxiao is an important wind instrument in Korean national music, and it is also an alto instrument among bamboo wind instruments. Its length is 70 cm, its inner diameter is 2.5 cm and its outer diameter is 3.8 cm. The materials used to make this instrument are very exquisite. Most of them are high-quality bamboos grown in Fujian and Jiangxi for more than 3 years. The hard knots of bamboo roots from the second section to the seventh section are intercepted for processing. After the bamboo is selected, it is necessary to get through the bamboo tube and use fire.

Bake straight to make the tube body, then scribe and drill five sound holes, four sound holes in the front, 1 sound hole in the back, blow hole at the upper end, diaphragm hole at the lower end of the blow hole, and adjust the pitch bottom hole. A flute membrane made of reed film is attached to the diaphragm hole, and a membrane hole cover is arranged on the flute membrane. Drilling sound holes, tuning holes and winding brush oil can be completed in nine processes. The sound of the pipe flute is sad, the bass is flat, the alto is soft, the treble is sharp, the sound is continuous, and the strength is free, which can vividly express emotions and other emotions. The method of playing flute is difficult to master. Its most basic blowing method is "rocking", that is, players can use it freely according to the emotional needs of music without marking symbols when playing. Generally, there are pauses, vibrato, sliding tones, differential decorative sounds and so on. In particular, the sliding sound from the flute is almost close to the language cavity, which sounds very pleasant. Flute has been loved by Korean people since its birth. Beautiful timbre and easy to carry. Whenever there are festivals and celebrations, the Korean people who can sing and dance often wear holiday costumes and sing and dance with the accompaniment of four or five flutes and a long drum. The elderly of the Korean nationality especially like flutes, and the retired old people often get together in parks and villages and spend their old age in the beautiful and melodious flute sound.

long drum

Changgu is a unique national percussion instrument of Korean nationality, which can be divided into Changgu, Dance Changgu, Tong Changgu and Tong Changgu. The shape is thick at both ends and thin in the middle. The diameter of the left drum is larger than that of the right drum 1 cm. The right drum skin is thin and the left drum skin is thick. In ancient times, drums were made of roe skin with thick drum skin on the left and thin drum skin on the right. The drum is made of wood, multilayer paper, thin iron and other materials. The drum has six bronze faucets in Shashi, and the hook elastic rope elastic rope is made of three silk threads. Each drum is equipped with eight complete sets of sleeves, that is, leather sleeves for adjusting drum ropes. Long drum originated in the Song Dynasty in China, and then spread to the Korean peninsula, becoming the main percussion instrument of Korean national music. In the northeast of China, where Korean people live in concentrated communities, the long drum plays an important role in Korean music and dance. The right side of the drum is struck with bamboo sticks decorated with colorful spikes, and the left side is struck by hand. The sound on the right is high, and the sound on the left is low, which can play a colorful rhythm. The famous Korean long drum is famous all over the world, and its artistic level is quite high, which truly represents the artistic characteristics of the Korean nation's singing and dancing.