China's major operas and masterpieces

China's major operas and masterpieces

China's major operas and masterpieces of China's five major operas are generally expressed in order:

Peking Opera (known as the "national opera"); Yueju Opera (China's second-largest variety of "second national opera"); Huangmei opera; opera; Yu opera, "the second national opera"); Huangmei Opera; opera; Henan opera.

Representative works, in order:

1, Beijing Opera: "Long Banpo", "The Four Scholars", "Qin Xianglian", "The Empty City", "Farewell My Concubine", etc.

2, Yueju Opera: "Liang Shanbo and Zhuyingtai", "Dream of the Red Mansion", "The Story of the West Wing", "The Legend of the White Snake", "South-East Flight of the Peacock", "The Tiger Snatching the Marriage", "Mu Guiying Hanging on to Commander-in-Chief", "Lu You and Tang Wan", and "The Civet Cat Exchanging the Prince".

3. Huangmei Opera: The Pairing of Heavenly Immortals, The Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden, and Jade Hall Spring.

4, Yu Opera: "Hua Mulan", "The Fifth Invitation", "Qin Xuemei Hanging the Filial Piety", "Lawrence Liu Goes Down to Nanjing", "Carrying the Sedan Chair" (also known as the "Fragrance Sachet Tale.").

1, Peking Opera, once known as Ping Opera, one of China's five major operatic genres, the cadence of Xipi, Erhuang-based, accompanied by huqin and gongs and drums and so on, is regarded as China's national treasure, the Chinese opera, the three Tripods, "the first".

2, Yueju Opera (Chinese pinyin is yuèjù, English is YueOpera) - China's second largest type of opera, known as the second national opera, also known as the "most widely circulated local opera", there is a view that it is the "largest local opera". It is also known as the "most widely circulated local opera", and is considered to be the "largest local opera genre", and is called "Chinese opera" abroad. It is also one of the five major Chinese opera genres (Peking Opera, Yueju Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera and Yu Opera in that order). It originated in Shengzhou, Zhejiang Province, flourished in Shanghai, and spread throughout the country and the world. In the course of its development, it drew on the achievements of Kunqu opera, drama, Shaoju opera and other specialties, and underwent a historical evolution from men's to women's Yueju opera.

Vietnamese Opera is long on lyricism, mainly singing, with beautiful voice, moving performance, beautiful and elegant, with the spirit of Jiangnan; most of them are based on the theme of "talented men and beautiful women", with a variety of artistic schools, recognized as many as thirteen major schools. Mainly popular in: Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other southern regions, as well as Beijing, Tianjin and other northern regions, in addition to Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi and a few other provinces, autonomous regions, the whole country has a professional troupe.

Yueju Opera is one of the first national intangible cultural heritages.

3. Huangmei Opera, formerly known as Huangmei Tune and Tea Casting Opera, originated in Huangmei, Hubei Province, and developed in Anqing, Anhui Province.

Huangmei Opera, together with Beijing Opera, Yueju Opera, Pingju Opera and Yu Opera, is known as one of the five major Chinese opera genres, and is the main local opera genre in Anhui Province. There are also professional or amateur performing groups of Huangmei Opera in Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, which are widely welcomed.

Huangmei Opera has a simple and fluent singing style, is characterized by bright and lyrical emotions, and has rich expressive power; the performances are simple and meticulous, and are known for their authenticity and liveliness. The song "Tian Xian Matching" has made Huangmei Opera popular in the north and south of the Yangtze River, and it has a high reputation overseas.

4. Yu Opera (English: YuOpera) originated in the Central Plains (Henan Province), is one of the five major Chinese opera genres and the first major local opera genre in China, and is also popular throughout Zhejiang Province. Contemporary Yu Opera has traveled to many countries around the world, such as Australia, Italy, France, Canada, Venezuela, New Zealand, Germany, England, and the United States, following the performances of Henan TV, Henan Yu Theater, and Taiwan Yu Opera Troupe, which has been praised as "Oriental Aria" by westerners.

Yu Opera is based on the Henan Opera, which has been developed through inheritance, reform and innovation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was called Yu Opera because Henan is shortened to "Yu".

Yu Opera is known for its resonant and atmospheric singing voice, its measured cadence, the soundness of its lines, the clarity of its words, its mellow flavor, its vividness, its flesh and blood, and its ability to express the inner feelings of its characters, and it is popular among people from all walks of life because of its high degree of artistry. Because of its musical accompaniment with jujube wooden clappers beat, so early named Henan opera.

Peking Opera: "The Drunken Concubine," "Farewell My Concubine," "A Meeting of Heroes," "The Red Queen," and so on

Pian Opera: "The Flower as a Matchmaker," "Qin Xianglian," "Liu Qiao'er," "Sister Yang Sanshi's Complaint," and so on

Hebei Opera: "Fenhewan," and so on

Huayu Opera: "Hua Mulan," "The Seven-Principle Sesame Officials," and so on

Qin Opera: "Zhou Ren Returns to the House," and so on

Kunqu Opera: "Peony," and so on. p>Kunqu: The Peony Pavilion, The Palace of Eternal Youth, etc.

Vietnamese Opera: Dream of the Red Chamber, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, Five Daughters Bidding for Their Lives, etc.

Huangmei Opera: The Match of the Heavenly Immortals, The Female Emperor's Son-in-Law, etc.

In fact, a lot of dramas can be found in various kinds of operas, only the methods of expression are different

Personal Opinion on the Masterpieces of Various Types of Chinese Operas

The following is an overview of Chinese Operas p>Kunqu: The Peony Pavilion, The Peach Blossom Fan

Peking Opera: Four Langs Visiting the Mother, The Empty City

Sichuan Opera: The Legend of the White Snake, Bashan Xiu Cai, The Fate of the Cabinet

Vietnamese Opera: Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, A Dream of Red Mansions

Yu Opera: Mu Guiying Hanging on to Commander-in-Chief, Hua Mulan

Huangmei Opera: The Match of the Tianxien

Cantonese Opera: "The Difficult Princess Dumpy Emperor's Son-in-Law"

Cantonese Opera: "Flowers as Matchmakers"

Qinqiang Opera: "Qin Xianglian"

What are some of the masterpieces of major Chinese operas? Chinese opera has a long history and a wide variety of styles. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 360 kinds of opera styles and tens of thousands of traditional repertoires in various ethnic regions of China.

The more popular and famous types of opera are: Peking Opera, Kun Opera, Yue Opera, Yu Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pai Opera, Cantonese Opera, Lu Opera, Hui Opera, Huai Opera, Shanghai Opera, Lv Opera, Xiang Opera, Liu Zi Opera, Mao Cavity, Huai Hai Opera, Xiqu Opera, Wu Opera, Qin Cavity, Bowl Cavity, Guanzhong Daosi, Taigu Yangge, Shangdang Clapper, Goan Opera, Juggling Children, Pu Opera, Long Opera, Han Opera, Chu Opera, Su Opera, Hunan Flower Drum Opera, Chiu Opera, Tibetan Opera, Gaogao Opera, Liyuan Opera, and so on. Gaojia Opera, Liyuan Opera, Gui Opera, Caixiang, Nuo Opera, Qiong Opera, Beijing Opera, Er Ren Ren Ren, Er Ren Tai, Lafang Opera, Shan Yu Tou, Hebei Bangkok, Man Han Opera, Henan Lutu, Hebei Bangkok, Hunan Flower Drum Opera, Huaibei Flower Drum Opera, Plum Blossom Drums, Pear Blossom Drums, Beijing Rhythmic Drums, West River Drums, Review Bomb, Shanxian, Shandong Fanshu, Shandong Qinshu, and other more than 50 types of opera, especially the Beijing Opera, the most popular, throughout the country, and not limited to the region. It is not limited by region.

Specific distribution of local opera:

Beijing: Beijing Opera, Beikun Xi Lu, Beijing Opera, Beijing Opera

Hebei Province: Hebei Opera, Hebei Opera, Evaluation of the Silk String, the old tune of the Haha cavity, Hebei Chaos, Wu'an Pingtiao, Wu'an Loktiao, Western tune, Uixian Yangge, Longyao Yangge, Ding County Yangge, four strings, Tang Opera, Hengqi tone, on the four tones

Shanxi Province: Puzhou Bangzi, Shanxi, Shanxi, the middle of Shanxi, Shanxi, north of Shanxi, banging, gongs and drums, miscellaneous opera. Shangdang clappers gongs and drums miscellaneous theater juggling children play Lingqiu Luoluo Shangdang Pihuang Shangdang Luzi Yongji Daoxiang opera Hongdong Daoxiang opera Linxian Daoxiang opera Jinbei Daoxiang opera Xiangwu Yangge Huguan Yangge Qinyuan Yangge Qitai Yangge Fanzhi Yangge Shuoxian Yangge Xiaoyi Bowl Cavity Curve Work Bowl Cavity Stringed Cavity Fenghuangtai Xiaojiu

Nemongolia Autonomous Region: Nei Mengda Yangge Er Ruantai Man Han opera

Liaoning Province: Haicheng trumpet opera Liaonan shadow opera Mongolia opera colorful dress Lotus Flower Drop

Jilin Province: the two-people turn Jiyu Opera New City Opera Huanglong Opera

Helongjiang Province: Longjiang Opera

Shanxi Province: Qin Qin Han tune Erhuang Agong cavity Heyang jumping opera Heyang line opera Shaanxi bowl cavity Shaanxi old cavity Meidu opera string board cavity Shaanxi Daoxiang Opera Shaananan Flower Drum Opera Shaananan Duangong Opera Ankang strings and strings

Gansu Province: Long Opera Gao Shan Opera Shadow Cavatry Gannan Tibetan Opera

Qinghai Province: Qinghai Tibetan Opera Qinghai Flat String Opera

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: Xinjiang Quzi Opera

Shandong Province: Shandong Clappers Zaobang Laiwu Clappers East Road Clappers Liuzi Opera Lv Opera Mao Cavity Liu Cavity Wuyin Opera Liuqin Opera Two Clips of Strings and Four Flat Tones

Jiangsu Province: Kunqu Opera Huaiju Opera Yangju Opera Tongju Opera Huaihai Opera Xixi Opera Si Opera Su Opera Danyu Opera Ding Ding Cavity Huaihong Opera Haimen Mountain Opera

Anhui Province: Huangmei Opera Hui Opera Qingyang Opera Yuexi Gaoqiang Anhui Meilian Opera Anhui Opera Lu Opera Anhui Duangong Opera Shahe Tune Si Zhou Opera Fell Opera Hanyou Opera Wuhu Pear Reed Opera Wennan Lyrics Anhui Flower Drum Opera Fengyang Flower Drum Opera Huaibei Flower Drum Opera Huaibei Flower Drum Opera Huaibei Haizi Opera

Shanghai Municipality: Shanghai Opera Comical Opera Fengxian Mountain Opera

Zhejiang Province: Yueju Opera Wu Opera Shaoju Opera Xinchang Gaoqiang Ninghai Flat Tune Songyang Gaoqiang Sense of Awake Wenzhou Kunqu Opera Jinhua Kunqu Opera Huangyan Chaobao Zhuji Chaobao Ou Opera and Opera Hangzhou Opera Ningbo Opera Lake Opera Yao Opera Mutsu Opera

Jiangxi Province: Gan Opera Goyang cavity Xuhe Opera Donghe Opera Ninghe Opera Ruihe Opera Yihuang Opera Gannan Tea Picking Opera Pingxiang Tea Picking Opera Wanzai Lantern Opera Fuzhou Tea Picking Opera Ji'an Tea Picking Opera Nintou Tea Picking Opera Gandong Tea Picking Opera Jiuji River Tea Picking Opera Jingdezhen Tea Picking Opera Wu'nan Tea Picking Opera Gaonan Tea Picking Opera

Fujian Province Fujian Province: Putuxian opera Liyuan opera Gaojia opera Min opera Pingxian opera Buxin opera Yuming opera Daqiang opera Western Fujian Han opera Beilu opera Meilin opera Right word Nanjian tunes Xiaoqiang opera Triangle opera Western Fujian tea-collecting opera Nanyu opera Western Fujian opera Shanxiang opera Fujian opera Zhaoxiang opera Bamboo horse opera Yuchun opera Shoulder opera

Taiwan Province: Gezai opera

Guangdong Province: Guangdong opera Chiuquan opera Zhengzizhiqu opera Baizizhiqu opera Guangdong Han opera Xiquan opera Huachao opera Northern Guangdong tea-collecting opera Dongchang Huadu opera Lei opera Meixian Mountain Opera Yuexi Bai Opera Lin Opera

Hainan Province: Qiong Opera

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Gui Opera Yong Opera Silk String Opera Guangxi Shigong Opera Caixiang Opera Niu Niang Opera Guinan Tea Casting Opera Guangxi Zhuang Opera Guangxi Miao Opera Guangxi Dong Opera

Hunan Province: Hunan Opera Qiquan Opera Changde Chinese Opera Hengyang Xiang Opera Baling Opera Tatsuya Opera Xiangkun Changsha Flower Drum Opera Yueyang Flower Drum Opera Changde Flower Drum Opera Xiangxi-Flower Lantern Opera Xiangxi-Yang Opera Hengyang Flower Drum Opera Shaoyang Flower Drum Opera Zuling Flower Drum Opera Shidao Opera Xiangxi Miao Opera Xinhuang Dong Nuo Opera

Hubei Province: Han Opera Jinghe Opera South Opera Hubei Yuexiao Shan Erhuang Hubei High Cavity Chu Opera East Road Flower Drum Opera Huangmei Tea Casting Opera Yangxin Tea Casting Opera Yuanan Flower Drum Opera Xiangyang Flower Drum Opera Jingzhou Flower Drum Opera Utopia Flower Drum Opera Suixian Flower Drum Opera Tong Opera Wenge Opera Hubei Liuzi Opera

Henan Province: Henan Yuexiao Opera Nanyang Bang Opera Daping Tune Huai Bang Huai Tune Daxin Tune Luo Opera Roll Opera Henan Qu Opera Henan Daoxiang Henan Flower Drum Opera Le Cavity Wutong Cavity

Sichuan Province: Sichuan Opera Sichuan Lantern Opera Sichuan Qu Qu Opera Xiushan Lantern Opera

Yunnan Province: Yunnan Opera Yunnan Lantern Opera Kunming Qu Opera Guanxiao Opera Dai Opera Bai Opera Yunnan Zhuang Opera Yi Opera

Guizhou Province: Guizhou Opera Guizhou Local Bang Opera Guizhou Lantern Opera Guizhou Dong Opera Guizhou Buyi Opera Guizhou opera Guizhou Miao opera Anshun opera

Tibet Autonomous Region: Tibetan opera

Here is a fuller.

Characteristics and masterpieces of various operasThe six major Chinese opera genres

Beijing Opera

Qinqiang

Praise Opera

Yu Opera

Yue Opera

Huangmei Opera

Beijing Opera

is one of the most famous Chinese operatic genres, which was originated in the middle of the nineteenth century in the capital of Beijing, and gained unprecedented prosperity in the court of the Qing Dynasty. The opera is characterized by the use of the Xipi and Erhuang tunes, accompanied by the huqin and gongs and drums, and is regarded as a national treasure of China. In the 55th year of Qianlong's reign (1790), four Huiban from southern China entered Beijing one after another. The first Hui troupe to enter Beijing was the "Sanqing", which mainly sang the "Erhuang" sound, and because of its rich sound and repertoire, it gradually overpowered the Qinqiang, which was prevalent in Beijing at the time. Many of the Qin Opera performers transferred to the Hui Opera, resulting in the fusion of the two styles. Subsequently, three other Anhui classes: "Si Xi", "Chuntai" and "He Chun" also came to Beijing, causing the decline of the Kun Opera, which had been popular for many years, and the actors of the Kun Opera also transferred to the Anhui classes. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, Hubei actors came to Beijing and brought Chu tunes (Han tunes and Xipi tunes), which created a merger of Xipi and Erhuang in the capital with Huiban, forming the so-called "Pihuang Opera". At this time, the Pihuang Opera formed in the capital was influenced by Beijing's voice and accent, and was characterized by the "Beijing sound". Later, because they often performed in Shanghai, the Shanghai people called this kind of Pihuang Opera with the characteristics of Beijing "Peking Opera", also called "Peking Opera". Because of the rapid development of Peking Opera in Beijing, its artistic level was among the highest in Chinese opera, and later became popular in the whole of China, so it was also called "national opera".

Qinqiang, also known as "messy bomb"

is one of the Chinese opera genres, originating from the Western Qinqiang, and is now popular in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other places in northwest China. It is also known as "Bang Bang Cavity", commonly known as "Arengangzi" (named for the "indistinct" sound it makes when it strikes the knuckles with its bang, and pronounced especially well in Shaanxi dialect), and is one of the four major vocal cadences of Chinese opera. The Qinqiang is the oldest, richest and largest of the four major vocal systems of Chinese opera. Qinqiang created the structural method of plate changes in Chinese opera music, and was the earliest plate-cavity cavity, as well as the mother of the Bangzheng (chaobang) system. Nowadays, although the styles of clapper operas all over the north are very different from Qinqiang, they maintain the ****same characteristics in tone and accompaniment.

The opera was formed in Tangshan in the first year of the Xuantong reign in the Qing Dynasty (1909), so it was also known as "Tangshan Luzi". Republic of China in the twelfth year (1923), the establishment of the drama of the Police World Theater Society in Tianjin performance, because of its performance on the play more than "punish evil and promote goodness", "warning the world to transform people", "commenting on the past and present" of the new ideas, the famous Lu Haijun. New ideas, the famous Lv Haihuan suggestion, renamed "appraisal of opera"; Republic of China in 25 years, the famous actress Bai Yushang in Shanghai to shoot a movie version of "Begonia", the press will be appraisal of the title of the opera contained in the "Ta Kung Pao", and from then on, appraisal of the name of the opera is widely disseminated in the country. The opera originated from the Jidong folk songs and dances "Yangge", Yangge is one of the main forms of folk activities in the new lunar calendar, by the two colorful dress, song and dance, group singing and dancing, gongs and drums, suona or bamboo music accompanied by the Qin, to sing folk stories, historical figures, the four seasons scenery as the main content. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were many people who sang rice-planting songs as a profession, and the tunes they sang were mainly Lotus Flower Drops. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the rice-planting songs drew on the shadow of Leiting and the drum book, which evolved into the "bungee opera" with local characteristics of Jidong. In the early stage of bungee opera, there were two small plays (once a clown), with singing and white, singing and dancing; there were more than a hundred kinds of plays, with a certain storyline and characters running through the beginning and the end, and the third person in narrative form was its main feature. Music is also the transition to the form of plate accent. Because the tunes sung by the bungee artists are mainly Lotus Flower Drop, and the bamboo board (sectional board) is used to beat the rhythm, so there is a mixture of bungee opera and Lotus Flower Drop. The form of the performance is to start with a group chorus of "Four Happiness Songs" and then lead to the main opera. After the twentieth year of the Daoguang period (1840), the number of peasants making a living by practicing Bopping Opera increased, and a large number of artists singing Bopping Opera emerged. Due to the different dialects and regions of activities of the artists, they formed the East, West and North Trampolining Opera. Between the sixth and twenty-sixth years of the Guangxu period (1880-1990), many semi-professional and professional bansha appeared. The excellent bungee artists in the banshe competed with each other, exchanged ideas and learned from each other, thus promoting the continuous development of the bungee opera, and advancing the counterpart colorful singing of two small operas to the stage of three small operas (i.e., the dismantling of the opera). Folding out of the play by the three-person person into the first person, the script by the rap body evolved into a spokesman for the body, the emergence of a small theater type of play, the performance also began to have a simple division of the foot line, the performance of the performance in addition to a certain degree to maintain the traditional Yangge dance movement, in some plays began to introduce simulated real-life realistic action, but also began to imitate the program of the large types of action. However, they are not bound by the strict rules of the program, and their movements are more free. The recitation is based on the local language of Tangshan, slightly rhymed. The music and singing style is beginning to take shape. There are slow board, two or six boards, small sad tune, lock boards, etc.; accompanied by Qin, to Banhu main, and also use suona, flute; knuckle-breaking musical instruments got rid of the bamboo boards, replaced by jujube wooden clappers and borrowed from the Hebei clapper gongs through the start of the Qin to pull the Banhu stomping for the order to command the band accompanied by the Qin. Stage facilities only a table, two chairs and "old-fashioned", nothing else. There are more than one hundred kinds of plays, most of which are from two small plays, or shadow scrolls, or the scripts of the clappers. The other part is based on the folk real life, current rumors, ancient and modern legends, historical novels, children's books and drums written. In the folding out of the opera period, the Qing dynasty Guangxu thirty-four years, due to Guangxu, Cixi's death, the Qing government ordered a 100-day ban on entertainment activities, resulting in bungee jumping opera classes in a state of paralysis, more than disintegration. In the fall of the same year, some artists set up the Qingchun Society. In order to prevent the authorities from banning performances, it was modeled after the opera model on the folding out of the opera for a comprehensive reform, a large number of draw from the clapper plates and gongs and drums, so that the bungee jumping opera has a large-scale prototype of the opera. The reformed bungee opera was named "Pingqiang Bangkang Opera". In the first year of the Xuantong era, the Yongsheng Tea Plantation was built in Tangshan, and the Qingchun Society was invited to do the opening performance, which was warmly welcomed by the workers and the audience, and from then on, the Qingchun Society stood on its feet in Tangshan. In order to consolidate the position of Yangtan Opera in the city, the artists of the society made great efforts to write and arrange new plays, and up to the first year of the Republic of China, the large-scale repertoire created, adapted and transplanted had amounted to more than thirty, and at the same time, they also improved the performance line, the singing style and the system of accompanying Qin, which made the Yangtan Opera have a brand-new artistic style. So far, the folk opera which was nurtured in the mother body of Yangge finally stood out in the early years of the Republic of China with a new posture, which was called Tangshan Luzi, and later named as Pingju Opera. After the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, under the guidance of the Party's policy of "letting a hundred flowers bloom and pushing out the old and the new", the opera presented a prosperous scene; many provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions formed their own opera groups, and many of the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions formed their own opera groups. Many provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have set up appraisal operas, and appraisal operas have become a large national opera. Sister Yang San Sister's Complaint", also known as "Shooting Gao Zhanying". The play is based on a true story. In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Gao Zhanying, the son of a rich gentleman, married a poor girl, Yang Ersi, who became a rogue and committed adultery with his sister-in-law Pei and his fifth sister-in-law Jinyu. The second sister persuaded her husband to change his ways, and Gao then harboring a grudge. The adulterous couple conspired to kill the second sister. Third sister Yang Yu'e in mourning in the discovery of suspicion, is to go to Luan County to sue, the county officials take bribes, resulting in the loss of the third sister. The third sister was not convinced and sued the General Office of Zhili (Tianjin), and the struggle was finally won. Gao Zhanying is executed by gunshot. This play was first performed in 1919 at the Qingfeng Theater in Harbin. The play was first published in 1929 by Cheng Wenxin Bookstore as "The Great View of Opera Review"; and in December 1957 by China Drama Publishing House as "Selected Plays of Cheng Zhaocai", the play was also included in the collection. The story of Flowers as Matchmaker is found in Liaozhai Zhiyi (Liaozhai Zhiyi - Parasites). It is written that Wang Junqing and his cousin Li Yue'e are in love with each other, but Yue'e's father refuses to allow the marriage, and Junqing becomes sick with longing. Ruan Ma, a matchmaker, chooses Zhang Wuko, and plans to meet in the garden. Zhang and Wang fall in love at first sight. On the day of their marriage, Yue E's mother sends Yue E to Wang's house while her husband is out of town, and Chun Ching then marries his second wife. The play was first performed by the Qingchun Pingqiang Clapper Class in Shengchayuan, Tangshan, in 1914, the third year of the Republic of China. Later, it was included in the second collection of The Complete Review of Opera.

Yu Opera

Shanxi Province, Xianyang Yu Opera Troupe was founded in 1952, so far more than 50 years of history, is the Shaanxi Province has a high impact on the local municipal level professional performing arts groups, state-owned national... Yu Opera, originally known as "Henan Opera", also called "Henan Gaoxiao", was named Yu Opera after the liberation of Henan Province because the abbreviation of Henan Province is "Yu". It is one of the main types of opera in Henan Province.

Vietnamese Opera, the predecessor of Yueju Opera, was a popular "floor singing book" in Sheng County, Zhejiang Province, and gradually developed into a "women's Shaoxing literary opera" in the 1930s.

Ladies' Yueju Opera flourished in Shanghai in the early 1940s, and gradually matured, drawing on the nourishment of Kun Opera and drama. The old generation of artists represented by Yuan Xuefen and Yin Guifang were cared for by the Communist Party of China (CPC) at an early stage, and carried out bold reforms in the system and art, and the performance of the new Yueju opera "Sisterhood of the Xianglin Sisterhood" was a milestone in the history of the development of Yueju opera. It was the courageous reform and positive innovation of this group of veteran artists who, on the basis of inheriting the tradition and in accordance with their own conditions, drew on the strengths of the audience to create their own unique styles, and gradually formed a school of Yueju Opera with its own artistic characteristics.

Since the founding of New China, under the guidance of the Party's literary policy, Yueju Opera has entered into a golden period of great development, and created a large number of excellent plays, such as Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, Dream of the Red Mansion, and The Story of the Western Chamber.

In the mid-eighties, Zhejiang Little Hundred Flowers Yueju Opera Troupe was set up in Hangzhou, and the remarkable phenomenon of "Little Hundred Flowers" emerged in Zhejiang. A large number of outstanding "Little Hundred Flowers" like a spring out of the rain. For example, Mao Weitao, winner of the "Second Plum Blossom Award", Zhou Yunjuan, winner of the Plum Blossom Award, Wu Fenghua, etc., who represent a new generation of Yueju Opera artists, blossomed in the Hundred Flowers Garden, heralding the further prosperity and development of the cause of Yueju Opera.

Huangmei Opera is the main local opera in Anhui Province. Huangmei Opera, originally known as "Huangmei Tune" or "Caicha Opera", is a folk opera formed in the late eighteenth century in Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces adjacent to the region. One of them gradually moved eastward to the Anqing area centered on Huaining County, Anhui Province, and combined with local folk art, sang and spoke in the local language, forming its own characteristics, known as "Huai Cavity" or "Huai Tune". This is the predecessor of today's Huangmei Opera.

In terms of repertoire, it is called "36 big plays and 72 small plays". The main performance of the opera was the people's dissatisfaction with the reality of class oppression, the disparity between rich and poor and the desire for a free and beautiful life. For example, "Buckwheat", "Sue the grain official", "Tianxian Match", etc. Most of the small plays are about rural laborers. Most of the small plays show the life of rural laborers, such as "point barley", "spinning cotton yarn", "selling bucket".

After the liberation, a number of large and small traditional plays such as "The Match of Heavenly Fairies", "Female Emperor's Son-in-law", "The Story of Luo Pa", "Zhao Guiying", "Tears of a Compassionate Mother" and "Three Searches for the Abbot's Mansion" were arranged and adapted, and the mythological play "Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden", the historical play "Losing the Punishment and Chopping Off the Head", and the modern plays "Spring Flowers Blossom", "Spring Morning in a Small Shop" and "The Beginning of Bei Lei" were created. Among them, "The Match of Heavenly Immortals", "Female Emperor's Son-in-law" and "The Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden" were put on the screen one after another, which had a great influence both at home and abroad. Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang, Wu Qiong and Malan are famous actors of Huangmei Opera.

Peking Opera is one of the opera genres formed in Beijing with a history of nearly two hundred years. It was formed on the basis of Hui Opera and Han Opera, and gradually evolved by absorbing the merits and specialties of Kunqu Opera, Qin Opera and some other operatic genres. Hui Opera was introduced to Beijing in 1790 (the 55th year of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty), and the earliest Hui Opera troupe to enter the capital was the famous "Sanqing Troupe" from Anhui Province. Subsequently came to the capital and "four happy", "and spring", "spring Taiwan" classes, collectively known as the "four Huiban".

The official formation of Peking Opera is about Daoguang 20 years (1840) after the event, when the various singing version of Peking Opera has been initially available, Peking Opera's linguistic characteristics have been formed, in the role of the line of work has appeared new changes, has a number of Peking Opera repertoire with characteristics of Peking Opera, Peking Opera, the first generation of actors have also appeared: Yu Sheng San, Zhang Erkui, Cheng Changgeng is known as the old man! The first generation of Peking Opera actors had also appeared: Yu Shengsan, Zhang Erkui and Cheng Changgeng were known as the "Three Tripods", and there was also Lu Shengkui, a Peking Opera actor and writer. Cheng Changgeng is the representative figure of this period, he in the fusion of Han tune, Hui tune and absorbed the Kunqu to transform and improve than the same period of other Peking Opera actors made more efforts, the formation of the Peking Opera performance art contributed a lot to the development of Peking Opera played a great role in the development of influence on the later generations of Peking Opera.

The music of Peking Opera belongs to the board cavity system, and the main singing cavity has two systems: Erhuang and Xipi, which is why Peking Opera is also called "Pihuang". Peking Opera is also known as "Pihuang". Other commonly used singing styles include "Nan Bang", "Siping Tune", "Gao Bak Zi" and "Blowing Cavity". The traditional repertoire of Peking Opera is more than 1,000, and there are more than 300 to 400 repertoires in regular performances, of which a considerable number are written by Peking Opera artists and folk writers one after another, in addition to those from the Hui Opera, the Han Opera, the Kunqu Opera and the Qin Opera. Peking Opera specializes in political and military struggles with historical themes, and most of the stories are taken from historical dramas and novels. There are both big plays with whole books and a large number of folded plays, in addition to a number of serialized plays.

Peking Opera roles are strictly divided into seven lines of roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Wu Xing, Chou, Chou, Wu Xing, and Pop (dragon set), which were later categorized into four major lines of roles: Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou.

Since the formation of Peking Opera, a large number of outstanding actors and actresses have emerged, who have contributed to the innovation and development of Peking Opera's singing and performance, as well as the repertoire and character modeling, forming a number of highly influential genres. For example, Cheng Changgeng, Yu Sansheng, Zhang Erkui, Tan Xinpei, Wang Guihua Fen, Sun Juxian, Wang Xiaonong, Liu Hongsheng, Wang Hongshou, Yu Shuyan, Gao Qingkui, Yan Jupeng, Zhou Xinfang, Ma Lianliang, Yang Baoshen, Tan Fuying, Li Shaochun and so on; the youngest student, Xu Xiaoxiang, Cheng Jixian, Jiang Miaoxiang, Ye Shengran and so on;; kaoqin wushu students, Yu Jusheng, Huang Yueshan, Li Chunlai, Yang Xiaolou, Gai Jiatian, Shangheyu and Li Huiliang and so on; the Dan role Mei Qiaoling, Yu Ziyun, Tian Guifeng, Chen Delin, Wang Yaoqing, Mei Lanfang, Cheng Yanqiu, Xun Huisheng, Shang Xiaoyun, Ouyang Yuqian, Feng Zihe, Xiao Cuihua, Zhang Junqiu, etc.; the old dancers, Gong Yunfu and Li Duoqui, etc.; the jing dancers, Mu Fengshan, Huang Runfu, He Guishan, Qiu Guixian, Jin Shaoxuan, Qiu Shengrong, etc.; and the clown dancers, Liu Cusan and Yang Mingyu, (who used to be a kungfu dancer, and then joined the Peking troupe to perform in the theater), Wang Changlin, and Xiao Changhua. In addition, there are famous zither masters such as Sun Yuchen, Mei Tian, Xu Lanyuan, Wang Shaoqing, Yang Baozhong, etc.; famous drum masters such as Hang Zihe, Bai Dengyun and Wang Xieyuan.

China's ancient opera masters and their masterpieces?1) Guan Hanqing to the greatest achievements in the miscellaneous plays, wrote more than 60 kinds of life, 18 kinds of surviving, the most famous "Dou E Grievance"; prose songs in the small order of more than 40 songs, sets of more than 10 songs.

2)There are 13 kinds of Wang Shifu's miscellaneous dramas. Now there are:

"Cui Yingying waiting for the moon in the west wing"

"Lu Mengzheng breaking the kiln in the wind and snow"

"The four great kings singing and dancing in Lichun Hall"

"Han Caiyun silk and bamboo Hibiscus Pavilion"

There are anonymous compositions.

Su Xiaoqing's Tea Boat on a Moonlit Night

There is an anonymous song.

3)Ma Zhiyuan Ma Zhiyuan (1250? -1323?) Ma Zhiyuan (1250? - 1323?), known as Dongli, was a Chinese writer of miscellaneous dramas in the early Yuan Dynasty, and a native of Dadu (present-day Beijing). His works were mostly about idyllic subjects reflecting retreat from the mountains and forests, and his style was characterized by both boldness and purity. Some of his works include "Autumn in the Han Palace", which describes the legend of Wang Zhaojun, and "Ren Feng Zi". Autumn in the Palace of Han is regarded as the best masterpiece of Yuan dynasty compositions by later generations. It was included in the Dongli Lefu. Along with Guan Hanqing, Bai Renfu, and Wang Shifu (said to be Zheng Guangzu), it is known as the Four Great Masters of Yuan Opera.

4)Bai Renfu was known as Park, Lan Gu, and Renfu. He was a writer of miscellaneous dramas in the Yuan Dynasty of China. A native of Zhending (now Hebei Province), he was born into a bureaucratic family in the Jin Dynasty and was adopted by Yuan Hao Wen during the chaotic and turbulent times of the late Jin Dynasty. He later moved to Nanjing. As a famous scholar of the generation in the wilderness, he focused on poetry, wine and miscellaneous dramas.

Worked on lyrics and music. Along with Guan Hanqing, Wang Shifu (also known as Zheng Guangzu) and Ma Zhiyuan, he was known as one of the four great masters of Yuan opera. Prose elegant and dignified, and Guan Hanqing with the gold into the Yuan's great opera singer. Among his works, there is the famous miscellaneous opera "Wutong Rain" which tells the story of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Yang Guifei, and his works have elegant lyrics, belonging to the school of literary elegance. Among his works, there is the famous miscellaneous opera "Wutong Rain", which tells the story of Emperor Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei, and its lyrics are elegant and belong to the Literary School.

The representative repertoires and authors of China's five major opera genres 1. Peking Opera: representative repertoires: "Dragon and Phoenix", "The Meeting of the Heroes", "Four Langs Visiting Their Mothers", etc.

2. Evaluative Opera: representative repertoires: "Liu Qiao'er", "Flowers as a Matchmaker" and "Qin Xianglian", etc.

3. Yu Opera: representative repertoires: "The Red Maiden", "Mu Guiying Hanging on the Marshalship", "The Pair of Flower Guns", etc.

4: Representative plays: "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Xianglin Sister-in-law", "Five Daughters Bidding for Life", etc.

5. Huangmei Opera: Representative plays: "The Match of the Immortals", "Female Emperor's Son-in-law", "Cowherd and Weaving Maiden", etc.

(Our teacher taught some of these plays in class, and I've written them down, but I don't know the authors.)

Representative Works of Opera: "Farewell my concubine", by Mei Lanfang. Peking Opera: Peking Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic cadences, "Xipi" and "Erhuang", which make up its musical material, and some local tunes (such as Liu Zi Cavity and Blow Cavity) are also sung. （It also sings some small local tunes (such as liuziqiang and blowing) and kunqu tunes. It was formed in Beijing around 1840 and flourished in the 1930s and 1940s, when it was known as the "National Opera". Nowadays, it is still a big opera with national influence. It is a representative of modern Chinese opera, with its comprehensive lineage, mature performances, and great momentum.

2Yueju Opera: Yueju Opera is a local opera popular in Zhejiang Province. It originated from the "Dudu Class" in Sheng County, Zhejiang Province, and entered Shanghai around 1916, performing under the name of "Shaoxing Cultural Opera". The name "Yueju Opera" was used after 1938, and in 1942 the female actors of Yueju Opera, led by Yuan Xuefen, transformed their performance and singing, absorbing the strengths of drama and Kunqu opera, and forming a soft and delicate style of performance. There are many artistic schools such as Yuan (Xuefen), Yin (Guifang), Fan (Ruijuan), Fu (Quanxiang) and Xu (Yulan) schools. The repertoire of Yueju Opera includes "Sisterhood of the Xianglin Sisters", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Dream of the Red Chamber", "Five Daughters Bidding for a Happy Birthday", "The Story of the West Wing", etc.

3Huangmei Opera:Huangmei Opera, originated in Anhui opera genre, popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei. Its predecessor is the Huangmei region of the tea-picking tune, the mid-Qing dynasty after the formation of folk theater, called "Huangmei tune", sung in the Anqing dialect. 1950s in the reform of Yan Fengying and others, the performance is becoming more mature, and the development of Anhui's local opera. Famous plays include "The Match of Heavenly Immortals", "The Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden", and "Female Emperor's Son-in-law".

4 Evaluating Opera: Evaluating Opera, in the late Qing Dynasty, in Hebei Luanxian area of the small song "counterpart of Lotus Flower" based on the formation of the first popular in the rural areas of Hebei, and then entered the Tangshan, called "Tangshan drop". 2020s around the popular in the northeast, a group of female actors. After the 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera, Hebei Opera and other styles of opera, the opera became more mature, with the emergence of schools such as Bai Yushang, Xi Cailian, and Ailianjun, etc. After 1950, it had a great influence on the whole country with the productions of Liu Qiaor, Flower as Matchmaker, Sister Yang Sanshi's Complaint, and Qin Xianglian, with the emergence of such famous actresses as Xin Fenghia, Xiaobai Yushang, and Wei Rongyuan, etc. Nowadays, it is still popular in Hebei and Beijing, and is still being practiced in the whole country, and is still popularized by the Beijing and Tangshan Operas. Nowadays, commentary operas are still popular in Hebei and Beijing.

In fact, there are a lot of Chinese opera styles, definitely more than 4 main ones, there are Qinqiang/Kun opera/Jin opera/Huangmei opera/Yu opera/Sichuan opera/Cantonese opera and so on, there are a lot of varieties.