Briefly describe your understanding of Guangdong music?

Guangdong music is a kind of instrumental music that originated in Guangzhou dialect area. It originated in Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta at the beginning of this century. It is very popular at home and abroad, enjoying a high reputation and a large audience. Among them, BBK can often be heard, and many TV programs will play background music, such as CCTV's annual "Seven Days of Spring Festival Music". Based on Guangdong folk tunes, some Cantonese opera music and Paizi music, it absorbs the nutrition of China ancient folk music, especially Jiangnan folk music, and is a kind of local folk music that has been perfected and developed after nearly 300 years of gestation.

Guangdong music uses more decorative sound rooms in its performance, and the unique timbres and styles of various musical instrument combinations. Early ensembles used two strings, violin (similar to banhu), three strings, Qin Yue and flute, which were called "five-frame head" and "hard bow combination", and soloists used pipa or dulcimer. After the 1920s, Gao Hu was the main musical instrument, supplemented by dulcimer and Qin Qin, commonly known as the "three-piece head", also known as the "soft bow". The main musical instrument or characteristic musical instrument is Gao Hu, also known as Moon Lake and South Lake. It is basically the same as erhu, except that the barrel is thinner and shorter. At the beginning of this century, folk artist Lv Wencheng changed the outer string of erhu from traditional silk string to steel string. The tuning is four or five degrees higher than the erhu, and the timbre is brighter. When playing, hold the piano barrel between your legs to control the volume.

Guangdong music is a kind of title music with simple and complicated structure. It is rich in instrumental music, wide in range, and rich in various expression techniques, with scenery description, lyricism and vivid expression, so it has strong local color and special artistic charm. Guangdong music is good at describing the small environment of life, showing concern for the taste of traditional life. To appreciate it, you don't have to find important social and life themes in it, but the description of natural scenery often brings the feeling of entertainment.

From the early 1920s to the 30 years before liberation, there were more than 300 music works in Guangdong, of which more than 50 were circulated at home and abroad. His main works include Thunder in Drought, Ending, Rain Beating Banana, Sailong Winning Gold, Hungry Horse Ringing the Bell, Autumn Moon in Pinghu, Bubugao, Birds Throwing into the Forest, Temple Bell and so on. After liberation, Guangdong music has developed by leaps and bounds, and many outstanding composers and performers have emerged, creating a large number of new works. Among them, there are Fish in Spring, Horse Test in Spring Suburb, Early Spring in the Mountains and Happy Sickle. It is also widely circulated.

The formation of Qing dynasty

Guangdong music is one of the music categories with distinctive local colors and unique styles. It came into being and spread in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Its content is very extensive, including Cantonese opera, Chaozhou opera, ditty and local folk songs. Now it refers to sishu music.

Guangdong music, with distinctive local colors and unique styles, originated and spread in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province, with a wide range of contents, including Cantonese opera and Chaozhou opera, ditty and local folk songs. And what we are talking about now is the music of Sizhu (Xiaoqu).

In modern times, Cantonese ditty was popular for a time, and it was used to accompany traditional operas, street performers, weddings and funerals, and the music played by this band was also called "Eight Tones", "Have fun" and "Sit Music". The tone of Guangdong music is crisp, bright and gorgeous; Melody style is rich and colorful, jumping and lively; The music structure is mostly short and single, and there are few large divertimentos.

Guangdong music was formed 192 1 years ago. It was first formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China (the beginning of the twentieth century), and it developed rapidly, and soon became popular throughout the country, and it was also very popular in places where overseas Chinese lived in Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asian countries. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were many "cut songs" popular in Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta-"also called steamed buns", that is, when the string band didn't sing, the scores of the strings were also combined "and" minor scores ".Guangdong music was developed on the basis of these folk music. The musical instruments used in this period consisted of two strings, a violin (not a western violin, but a musical instrument similar to Banhu in China in the Ming Dynasty), three strings, a Qin Yue and a flute (or flute), commonly known as "five heads" or "hard bow".

In early music, the notes were scattered and the rhythm lacked change. In the long-term development, it has gradually formed new characteristics. A variety of decorative patterns are added to the tune, which is called "adding flowers". The timbre is crisp and bright, the melody is smooth and beautiful, and the rhythm is lively and cheerful. The music of this period is a collective creation circulated by the people, which still appeared in the early 20th century and is a representative figure of Guangdong music. Representative tracks in this period include Thunder in Dry Days, Chain Button, Down Curtain, Moon on Three Tans, Hungry Bells, Little Peach Blossom, Autumn Moon in Han Palace and Double Voices of Hate and Rain.

Inheritance and development

In the 1920s and 1930s, Guangdong music flourished, with the emergence of professional composers and performers such as Lv Wencheng and He Liutang, and the original "hard bow" band also developed into "soft bow". Guangdong music has been developing continuously since 1950s.

In the 1920s and 1930s, Guangdong music flourished, and many professional composers and performers appeared, such as Liu Tang, Lv Wencheng, Yi,. Around 1926, influenced by the silk and bamboo in the south of the Yangtze River, Lu Wencheng introduced the erhu to Hong Kong and Macao, changed it to steel strings, moved the strings higher and tuned higher, and became a Cantonese Hu (also known as Cantonese Hu) with crisp and bright pronunciation. With dulcimer, Qin Qin and Gao Hu as the main musical instruments, it is called "the first three-piece suit", also known as "soft bow". Later, on the basis of the "three heads", bamboo instruments such as flutes and coconut trees were added to expand the band. The band stereotype is about 1930. On behalf of Quhe Liutang, Ride the Dragon to Win Gold, Scared Birds, Drunk Man's sake, Seven Stars with the Moon; Lv Wencheng's Bubugao, Autumn Moon in Pinghu, Wake up the Lion, Phoenix in Qishan and Jiao Shiming Qin; Such as "Hua Qi Hero" and "Birds in the Woods" by Yi.

During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period, Guangdong music was once confined to a low ebb, and some vulgar works appeared, such as How to Be a Fool's Funny Face and What's Whispering.

Since 1950s, Guangdong music has made great progress. Musicians have collected and arranged Guangdong music, studied and reformed the harmony and orchestration of Guangdong music, published a large number of music scores, and created and played a large number of excellent tracks, such as Chen Deju's Test Horse in the Spring Suburb, Jelly Lin's Spring in the Field, Liu Tianyi's Fish in Spring, and Fei Qiao's Spring Morning in the Mountain Country.

At present, the musical instruments used in Guangdong music are Gao Hu, dulcimer, Qin Qin, Dong Xiao, Daruan and Hu Zhong, with Gao Hu as the main one, among which "sliding fingers" is the most distinctive playing method of Guangdong music, which can be divided into "small chuo", "big chuo", "small note" and "sliding back". Chord styles mainly include diatonic key (key 52), upper six key (key 15), two anti-key (key 37), artificial key (key 63) and second-class key (key 37), and various chord styles show different emotions.

Excellent repertoire

Rain Beats Banana is one of the early excellent music. This piece of music shows the cheerful atmosphere of life in the south with its smooth and lively melody. The melody uses pause, flowers and other techniques to describe the sound of rain falling on bananas, the shape of bananas swaying in the rain and the joy of people in the rain.

Why is the music of hungry horses ringing bells circulating in Liutang? Pipa is the main musical instrument, followed by stringed instruments. With its unstable rhythm and sudden tone, music highlights the use of silk and method, and vividly shows the image of hungry horses ringing bells.

Autumn Moon in Pinghu is the masterpiece of Lv Wencheng, a famous musician in Guangdong. He visited Hangzhou in the autumn and wrote this song. This music shows the author's feelings about the beauty of the West Lake. The tune not only adopts Zhejiang folk music, but also has the style of Cantonese opera. It is one of the best melodies in China's instrumental music.

"Dragon and Phoenix Dance" is a long dragon playing with dragon lanterns in folk festivals, which often becomes the call of China people for a new atmosphere. The dragon and phoenix are auspicious, and they are symbols of good things in the minds of China people. The theme of music adopts syncopated rhythm, which is very powerful and ups and downs. If the dancer walks, he moves forward and backward, tossing and turning. The refreshing timbre of the small gong, the singing of suona and the neat rhythm of plucked instruments all create a happy atmosphere.

Autumn Moon in Han Palace (also known as "San Tan Yin Yue") is a traditional instrumental work in China. After a long period of circulation and adaptation, it is far from its original name. Autumn Moon in Han Palace was originally a sad song, but Three Tans on the Moon swept away the sadness. On the melody trunk originally introduced from Beiqu, a large number of subtle decorative cadenzas of Guangdong music language were added, which made the stiffness of Beiqu last for a long time and turned it into the delicacy and lightness of Cantonese music.

Autumn Moon in Han Palace (also known as "San Tan Yin Yue") is a traditional instrumental work in China. After a long period of circulation and adaptation, it is far from its original name. Autumn Moon in Han Palace was originally a sad song, but Three Tans on the Moon swept away the sadness. On the melody trunk originally introduced from Beiqu, a large number of subtle decorative cadenzas of Guangdong music language were added, which made the stiffness of Beiqu last for a long time and turned it into the delicacy and lightness of Cantonese music.

Taishan bayin

Taishan City, located in the southwest of the Pearl River Delta, is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in China. Taishan "Bayin Class" is one of the activities of Guangdong music, which has a unique local color and a long history. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the eight-tone class mainly played Buddhist music and folk tunes. After the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the eight-tone class changed, combining music performance with traditional Chinese opera singing, and gradually matured. After 1949, Guangdong music activities in Taishan City were included in the category of urban and rural cultural rooms and became cultural room activities. At present, there are 120 Guangdong music activity organizations in the city.

Cultural treasure

As an outstanding representative of Lingnan culture, Guangdong music culture is profound and rich in connotation. After hundreds of years of inheritance and development, it has its own system and unique style, and is deeply rooted in Lingnan folk. This outstanding traditional cultural treasure is now facing the problem of inheritance and development, and the protection and support work needs to be strengthened urgently.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, Guangdong Music was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.