What does Chinese studies include?

Chinese studies include China's ancient philosophy, history, religion, literature, customs, textual research, ethics, traditional Chinese medicine, agriculture, martial arts, geography, politics, economy, painting and calligraphy, music, architecture and many other aspects.

The concept of "Chinese studies" came into being in19th century. At that time, the improvement trend of "western learning spreading to the east" was in full swing. In order to oppose western learning, Zhang Zhidong and Wei Yuan put forward the concept of "middle school" (Chinese studies), and advocated that "middle school should be the body and western learning should be used" in order to learn western civilization and restore Confucian classics in Han Dynasty.

Extended data

Sinology is based on the pre-Qin classics and a hundred schools of thought contend, covering a set of unique and complete cultural and academic systems, such as Confucian Classics in Han Dynasty, Metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Taoism in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, practical learning in Ming and Qing Dynasties, poems in the pre-Qin Dynasty, parallel prose in Six Dynasties, poems in Tang and Song Dynasties, Yuanqu and novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Hundred schools of thought's theory in pre-Qin Dynasty was * * * *, and there was no master-slave relationship. According to the role played in different periods, each theory played an explicit or implicit role in each period, only in different fields; Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "dismissed a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone", Confucianism has occupied the mainstream position in the field of ideological education, but other theories have also played an important role in different fields.

Baidu encyclopedia-Chinese studies