What is the configuration principle of sweet cherry pollinated varieties? How to configure pollination trees?

The configuration of sweet cherry pollinated varieties mainly follows the following principles.

(1) pollination affinity

Varieties suitable for the main varieties should be selected as pollination varieties. The main varieties with known S genotype can be judged according to their S genotype, and varieties that are not in the same group as the main varieties should be selected as pollination varieties. For the main varieties with unknown S genotype, distant varieties can be selected according to the genetic relationship between varieties, and the varieties with high affinity can be confirmed as pollinated varieties through field pollination experiments.

Although some sweet cherry orchard are pollinated by different varieties, the seed setting rate is still low, mainly because the S genotype of pollinated trees is the same as the main varieties and belongs to the same incompatible group. At present, the S genotype of the main varieties in production, such as Deng Hong, Brett, Moli, Meizao, Laizhou Zaohong and Zaoruby, is S3S9, because cross-pollination is not fruitful. The S genotypes of Qi Hao, Zaodabo, Youyi and Youyou are all S 1S9, and cross-pollination is not fruitful, so other S genotypes must be configured to ensure high fruit setting rate. (2) Meet at flowering stage

The flowering time of sweet cherry varies with varieties, and the difference between early flowering and late flowering varieties is 5 ~ 12 days. When determining the pollinated varieties, the flowering time of each variety should be considered. The flowering time of pollinated varieties should be the same as that of the main cultivated varieties, or 1 ~ 2 days earlier than that of the main cultivated varieties, so as not to miss the best pollination period. The flowering period and pollination compatibility of main sweet cherry varieties are shown in Table 6.

Table 6 Flowering Period of Main Sweet Cherry Varieties and Inter-variety Pollination Compatibility Number1234567891012131415 Varieties (in order of flowering period) Nataleini Meizaobinku Pioneer Skanet Samitosam Olumbasleijie Senna Avia1Rabins (Lapins) self S2 Laizhou Zaohong (Chelan) S3S9 ×

Table 6 Flowering Period and Inter-variety Pollination Compatibility of Sweet Cherry (continued)-1 serial number12345678 91121315 varieties (in order of flowering period) Sonatarani's sweetheart, the pioneer of the early guest library, Skanet Samitosam Olumbasleijie, Saina 3 Napoleon S3 S45438+02 Sam S2S4××××13 Olympus S 1 S3××× 14 regine S1S3××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

The pollinated variety itself must be a variety with excellent comprehensive economic characters, which can pollinate and bear fruit with the main cultivated variety. In fact, most varieties have a large amount of pollen, and the flowering period is similar. Therefore, when selecting pollinated varieties, the key is to choose varieties that can produce normal pollen and cross-pollinate and bear fruit.

In sweet cherry orchard, only a sufficient number of pollination trees can meet the needs of pollination and fruiting. The production practice shows that in a cherry orchard, the pollinated varieties should not be less than 30%, and it is appropriate to mix three main varieties, each of which is 1/3. When the orchard area is small, pollination trees should account for 40% ~ 50% to meet the pollination needs.