Introduction of Guizhou architecture?

Guizhou's buildings, such as slate houses, dry-fence stone buildings, rat-proof warehouses and diaojiao buildings, are all landmark buildings in Guizhou, highlighting its distinctive traditional characteristics. The following is the specific content:

Guizhou architecture? Shibanfang

Buyi folk houses with Anshun as the center. It is directly related to specific karst areas. People use local materials to build houses mainly with stones, with stones as the foundation, stones as the walls and slates as the roofs. There are floors in the hall and between the two sides of the stone house. Doors can be divided into opposite doors, big doors, small doors, back doors and ear doors. Except for large and small doors, they are generally stone Fang, wooden frame and wooden heart. Most of the windows are framed with stone bars and fang. The front of the slate house is decorated with lines and patterns, and each pattern has a certain symbolic significance.

Traditional residential forms of Zhuang, Buyi and Miao nationalities. There are differences in appellation. There are two floors, the upper floor is inhabited by people, and the lower floor is covered or inlaid with wooden strips for raising livestock and stacking sundries. Some have attics and annex buildings for storing food and farm tools. The lower floor is mainly slate, and the upper floor is generally wood. This kind of house has a long history and was found in cultural sites in the late Neolithic period. It has the characteristics of adapting to the southern mountainous terrain and warm and humid climate, and has been used to this day.

Guizhou architecture? Rat-proof barn

Yao grain storage buildings can be divided into circular warehouses and hexagonal square warehouses. The silo is cylindrical, the top is conical, covered with thatch, and the spire is tied into a gourd-shaped decoration. The top is woven into a big cylinder with bamboo sticks, with a diameter of about 2 meters and a height of about 2.5 meters, which looks like a big basket. There is a small door in the barn for loading and unloading grain. The bottom of the silo is supported by four wooden columns with equal spacing and a side length of 2 meters. The four wooden posts are closely inlaid with wooden boards to prevent grain from leaking. The warehouse is 2 meters away from the ground, and the warehouse is empty and ventilated, so that the grain in the warehouse is not easy to be damp and moldy. At the joint between the bottom plate and the wooden column, a colored glazed pottery jar with a height of about 35 cm and a diameter of 30 cm is inverted at the top of the column, or a smooth slate is used to prevent rats from crawling into the warehouse along the wooden column. The newly-built barn has changed the thatched roof into tile roof, which is herringbone-shaped, surrounded by wooden boards, which improves the rain-proof and anti-corrosion performance, does not need to be renovated, and increases the capacity of the barn. The shape of hexagonal square barn is different from that of circular barn, and its function is the same as that of circular barn. The periphery of barn can also dry grain. Both circular warehouses and hexagonal warehouses are built outdoors near the village, which have many functions such as fire prevention, rat prevention and moisture prevention.

Guizhou architecture? A wooden/bamboo house supported by wooden supports, with ladders extending upward.

Typical architecture of Miao folk houses. It is a pure wood structure with bucket structure, no nails and no riveting. Beams, columns, purlins, slabs, rafters, purlins and tenons are all wood processing. The roof is covered with small green tiles or fir bark. Diaojiaolou is a combination of rectangle and triangle. It can be divided into inner and outer parts. The columns, beams and purlins in the inner part intersect each other vertically, forming a vertical network system in three-dimensional space, which lays the foundation of rectangular structure. The structure and function of diaojiao building are generally divided into three sections, namely, the bottom floor is the livestock debris floor, the second floor is the living floor, and the third floor is the grain storage floor, of which the second floor is the main floor. Because this type of house has certain advantages in structure, ventilation, lighting, sunshine and land occupation, it has been passed down in the vast Miao area for a long time.

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