On China Traditional Culture and Socialist Market Economy

Paper Keywords: China traditional culture market economy values

China's traditional culture and modern market economy are uncoordinated and asymmetrical, but they have a positive corrective effect on the development and perfection of socialist market economy. This paper discusses the positive influence of China traditional culture on socialist market economy from four aspects.

In the difficult process of deepening the reform and perfecting the market economy system, China people's traditional values and moral concepts have been influenced by the rapidly changing economic relations and social life, and at the same time, they have been impacted by the western culture with the market economy as the background, which has evolved, reorganized and even changed their appearance. Therefore, some people think that the traditional culture of China based on the natural economic structure is fundamentally opposed to the market economy. To develop market economy, we must learn and transplant western culture, and eliminate and surpass China traditional culture. Its main basis is that natural economy and commodity economy are two opposite economic forms. China's traditional culture is an ethical culture based on natural economic structure, which aims at goodness, pays attention to the study of interpersonal social relations, ignores the relationship between man and nature, and lacks scientific spirit. Therefore, it is difficult to coordinate and integrate the traditional culture of China with the market economy with the characteristics of circulation, openness and sociality. This view only examines the basic principle of historical materialism that social existence determines social consciousness and economic foundation determines superstructure, but ignores its reaction. Judging from the historical materialism that ideology has a positive reaction to social existence, it is precisely because of the asymmetry, disharmony and unsynchronization between China's traditional culture and market economy that it has a positive corrective effect on the development and perfection of market economy in terms of value orientation. What is the western cultural tradition? Subject and object dichotomy? , full of empirical scientific spirit; What is the traditional culture of China? Harmony between man and nature? , contains a profound value judgment. The integration of China's traditional culture and market economy just makes up for the western culture's influence on the market economy, which is conducive to the perfection of the market economy.

The concept of "Great Harmony" in China's traditional culture is conducive to alleviating the contradiction between fairness and efficiency in the market distribution mechanism.

Market economy is the most efficient operation form of human economic practice so far, but the market mechanism is powerless in adjusting industrial structure, distributing national wealth and controlling environmental pollution. These aspects also need the state as the main body of economic management and construction, and implement necessary regulation. On the issue of how to distribute national wealth, there is still a conflict between fairness and efficiency in socialist market economy. Of course, the dilemma of fairness and efficiency faced by the socialist market economy has its own characteristics. Because? The essence of socialism is to liberate and develop productive forces, eliminate exploitation and polarization, and finally achieve prosperity? . In other words, the opposition between fairness and efficiency in the capitalist market economy cannot be generalized to the socialist market economy. The socialist system essentially stipulates the unified relationship between efficiency and fairness. We should not only emphasize the development of productive forces, efficiency and rapid and efficient economic development, but also attach importance to social development, social equity and social tolerance for income distribution gap. At the same time, we should discuss the fairness and efficiency in the relationship between distribution and production.

In real economic life, the income gap between regions, between urban and rural areas, between industries, between enterprises and between individual employees is widening. ? Let some people get rich first? The original intention is to encourage legal operation and get rich through hard work. In fact, quite a few people who get rich first get rich through speculation, corruption and fraud. To this end, Deng Xiaoping pointed out that we advocate distribution according to work and give spiritual rewards to individuals and units that have made special contributions. We also advocate that some people and some places get rich first because of more work, which is unshakable. However, we should also see a tendency that some people and units pay much more attention, not only to their neighbors, but also to the interests and discipline of the whole country. This leads to an unreasonable imbalance between bitterness and pleasure, which leads to new social problems. ? It is undoubtedly necessary for the government to use the hard constraints of economic laws and regulations to deal with these unreasonable wealth distribution problems. However, only by improving the secondary distribution mechanism and social security mechanism, it is difficult to consciously make all stakeholders prosper in wealth distribution. The traditional culture of China contains a profound concept of equality between the rich and the poor. ? When the avenue prevails, a public spirit will rule the world. Choosing talents and appointing talents, keeping your word, and mending the old friendship, the old friend is both a relative and an only son. Let the old age have an end, be strong, be useful and be strong, and all the widows, orphans and the sick are supported. Men get points, women get rewards, and goods are abandoned on the ground. There is no need to hide it from themselves. You don't have to do it for yourself. Do you want to be closed instead of prosperous for the sake of great harmony, and thieves don't make trouble, so don't close the door outside? . This psychological inertia obviously has a positive effect on restraining the widening gap between the rich and the poor. It is also the social psychological basis for citizens to support, understand and implement government transfer payments and build public facilities in the secondary distribution mechanism. Farmers from the late Qin Dynasty? If you have money, don't forget each other? And then to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom? There are fields to plow together, meals to eat together, clothes to wear together, money to earn together, everywhere uneven, who does not keep warm? , always runs through the concept of harmony between the rich and the poor. So-called? Those with state-owned families do not suffer inequality because of widowhood, nor are they anxious because of poverty. The cover is not poor, widowed or tendentious? These views are strikingly similar to the socialist spirit in traditional culture. Obviously, it corrects the unfairness of the initial distribution of the market and the loopholes of the secondary distribution of the government. We should give full play to the affinity of caring and helping each other in traditional culture, ensure social justice through donations and charity, achieve a reasonable balance between efficiency and fairness, and finally achieve a relative balance between * * * and prosperity, that is, the interests of all citizens.

Second, the values of the overall standard and the supremacy of the country and the nation are helpful to curb and eliminate the breeding and spread of extreme individualism and selfish departmentalism under the conditions of market economy.

China's ancient philosophy? Harmony between man and nature? 、? With everything in the world? For the highest realm. In connection with this, in the relationship between the individual and the whole, after thousands of years of accumulation, the overall standard has been formed, and the individual's psychological set has been melted on the basis of the whole. It shows that traditional culture pays attention to social personality rather than individual personality, and advocates to recognize, experience and evaluate individual existence and its relationship with family and country with ethical principles such as loyalty and filial piety, so as to regulate people's behavior. Market economy is a developed commodity economy with the purpose of value accumulation and the form of exchange. From the legal point of view, exchange economy is a conditional transfer of rights, and there can be no exchange subject. The exchange subjects include not only the national government, but also all natural persons and legal persons in market economy activities. Economic subjects get rid of the dependence and subordination between people in the past and communicate through the dependence between money and things. In other words, the market economy is an independent economy, and each participant in economic activities has independent interests. If they want to survive and develop, they must follow the law of value, aim at profit accumulation, take the relationship between market supply and demand as the guide, freely participate in market competition, make decisions freely, take responsibility for their own profits and losses, and seek their own development. Establish your own independent personality and cultivate the values of self-reliance, self-improvement, self-esteem and self-confidence. However, it can not be ignored that while every economic subject with the goal of value proliferation and profit maximization forms the consciousness of independence, autonomy and equality, extreme individualism and unit departmentalism will also grow potentially. In the period of social transformation, when the legal system is not perfect and the market mechanism is not perfect, it may happen: 1, and the tendency of decentralization and autonomy weakens the central macro-control. Without completely timely and accurate information, all departments, industries, localities and units blindly pursue the profit accumulation of regional markets and participate in market competition according to the law of supply and demand, which is likely to lead to the imbalance of the proportion of the national economy, the emergence of regional blockade, industrial barriers, exclusive information and other artificial monopoly phenomena, and hinder the adjustment, optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure of the entire national economy; 2. The value orientation of cost minimization and profit maximization will induce enterprises to beggar their neighbors, shift costs and increase the social cost of economic development. To solve the first problem, in addition to perfecting the corresponding economic laws and administrative regulations, it is beneficial to advocate and carry forward the values of national supremacy and holistic standard of China traditional culture. What is a classic book? Will the people allow the public to destroy the private? , "public security policy"? Forgetting home for the country, forgetting private for the public? Su Xun said? Sages don't mourn their physical death, but prefer their country's decline? Gu Yanwu said? Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world? . If these traditional ideas are deeply rooted in the process of market economy construction, then under the guiding ideology of overall planning and comprehensive balance, the upgrading of national industrial structure will be stable, with fewer problems and low cost. The solution to the second problem is to define and clarify the property rights relationship, backed by complete property rights laws and regulations and other hardware machines. However, in order to fundamentally eliminate the heterodyne effect in the process of economic development, software control elements that can be internalized into personality realm must be supplemented. Elephant? Unjust, rich, like a cloud to me? 、? I am old and old, I am young and young, and the world is in my hands. 、? The weather is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as people? The traditional values of mutual help and friendship and harmonious wealth generation are helpful to dispel all kinds of motives of moral decay and harming others and self-interest, and to curb the heterodyne effect of pursuing profit maximization.

Third, putting righteousness first, unifying righteousness and interests, and pursuing noble values will help to curb and restrain the growth and spread of money fetishism from social psychology.

Develop commodity economy and market economy. Commodity fetishism? And then what? Money first? Inevitably, his thoughts will go deeper and deeper, and if there is no relative restraint in the concept of sterilization, it may eventually become a prairie fire. In our country, the gradual establishment of market economy makes social wealth grow rapidly, which objectively stimulates people's desire for profit. Before the reform and opening up, due to the relatively average and fixed income level and the shortage of supply and wealth, people's desire for interests was generally maintained at a low level, and everyone lived on an equal footing and lived in peace. Nowadays, the gap between income level and consumption level is getting wider and wider. The materialistic pragmatism and the ideological trend of fame and fortune, which pursue money and wealth, pursue fame and gain, and advocate pleasure, have impacted the concept and life of modern people. People's desire for benefits and enjoyment has expanded rapidly, resulting in some ugly, dark and despicable social phenomena such as moral decline and loss of personality. Money worship values are everywhere. It treats life value and commodity value equally, and judges human value with wealth and money. Interpersonal relationship is considered as pure money relationship. Some people even monetize and commercialize personality, conscience and power, and only want money, not ideal sentiment. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: Without ideals and production, China could not adhere to the socialist system, develop the socialist economy and realize the four modernizations. If we do not strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization, the construction of material civilization will be damaged and detoured. Our revolution and construction can't be successful only by material conditions. ? Under the condition of market economy, we should avoid taking money as the only measure to measure people, making people slaves of things and pure natural persons and brokers, and avoiding the gradual and comprehensive loss of human subjectivity. In this regard, the government obviously cannot use the legal system to regulate governance. So-called? Politics is the Tao, punishment is the punishment, and people are free and shameless; Tao is virtue, qi is courtesy, and shame is dignity? . In order to eliminate these negative effects of market economy, apart from widely advocating socialist moral thought, it is a shortcut to excavate and utilize reasonable value resources in traditional culture. Like what? A gentleman is figurative, and a villain is figurative. ,? Why does the king make a profit every day? He also has righteousness. ? Wait, fetishism money is undoubtedly a good word. In Shang Chao, where interests are paramount and material desires cross-flow, it may be more effective and lasting to find the lost individual personality home and educate the people by using the spiritual realm set by traditional culture. ? Is the nature of heaven and earth expensive? ,? The three armed forces can win the handsome, but the ordinary man can't win the ambition? ,? Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent. ? If these ancient insults about personal integrity can be passed down from generation to generation and internalized into the spiritual realm of each individual, the inherent negative effects of the market economy will be weakened to a great extent, the hotbed of money worship will collapse, and all kinds of depravity, depravity and crime will also converge.

Fourth, the values of honesty and trustworthiness, words and deeds are conducive to cultivating the spirit of market contract.

Under the guidance of high profits, under the market economy system, some enterprises and individuals take advantage of it. Embezzlement, making fake and shoddy goods, deceiving people, endangering the country and seriously hindering the normal operation of economic activities. Enterprises with complex economic order, high efficiency and good performance and enterprises with poor management and losses were burned, and customers and consumers suffered more. The ways to avoid these situations are: on the one hand, the state should improve various economic laws and regulations and put an end to all kinds of fraud in production activities and exchange activities; On the one hand, carry forward the values of honesty and trustworthiness in China's traditional culture, match words with deeds, and prevent slow progress, so that participants in market economy activities have both objective mandatory hard constraints and subjective and conscious soft constraints. The so-called trust is credit, credibility, sincerity, consistency in words and deeds, and keeping promises. Credit is the basic condition for the effectiveness, execution, modification and termination of contracts, and market economy can be said to be a credit economy. ? Since ancient times, people have died, and people have no faith. There is a saying in the business world: Business is unlimited. Is it a boat? .

Under the market economy system, the reputation of an enterprise, especially the reputation of product quality, often determines the rise and fall of an enterprise. ? Unbelievers, don't you know? Faith is a universal basic human morality without class. In the traditional culture of China, is it? Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith? One of the five virtues, advocating keeping promises and establishing credibility, is undoubtedly of positive significance for enterprises to operate legally and safeguard consumers' rights and interests.

To sum up, although the integration of Chinese traditional culture and market economy is difficult because of asymmetry, it is because we want to build a socialist market economy. Socialism can be born, developed and prospered in China because the socialist spirit and traditional culture have many similarities in value orientation. Traditional culture tempered by socialist ideology, on the one hand, alleviates the negative impact of market economy in conflict and confrontation, on the other hand, broadens its connotation in rich development and tends to identify with the essence, goals and tasks of socialism. Facing the rich traditional cultural resources, how to melt its spirit and make it serve the healthy operation of the socialist market economy should not only rationally analyze and resolve various contradictions between traditional culture and market economy, but also respect the historical accumulation in practice. Proceed from practice, make use of the situation, actively explore the reasonable and beneficial components in traditional cultural resources, integrate, develop and improve them in contradiction and interaction, and thus establish a veritable Socialism with Chinese characteristics market economy.