What are the sensors related to the ignition system?

What are the sensors related to the ignition system?

What are the sensors related to the ignition system? Sensors have many functions and are very common electronic accessories in many devices. The function of the sensor is actually a functional block, and its function is to convert various external signals into electrical signals. So what are the sensors related to the ignition system?

What are the sensors related to the ignition system? 1 The sensors of the ignition system are as follows.

1. Throttle position sensor: on the throttle body. Crankshaft position sensor: on the crankshaft pulley or flywheel housing.

2. Camshaft position sensor: the front and back of camshaft or valve cover. Air flow meter: on the intake hose (in front of the throttle).

3. Water temperature sensor: on the water supply pipe or main water road (double line).

4. Oxygen sensor: the front of the exhaust pipe.

5. Knock sensor: cylinder block.

Type of sensor

Sensors are classified by use: pressure-sensitive and force-sensitive sensors, position sensors; Liquid level sensor; Energy consumption sensor; Speed sensor acceleration sensor; Ray radiation sensor; Thermal sensor; 24GHz radar sensor.

Sensors are classified according to principles: vibration sensors and humidity sensors; Magnetic sensor gas sensor; Vacuum sensor, biosensor, etc.

Sensors are classified according to their output signals.

Analog sensor-converts the measured non-electric quantity into analog electric signal;

Digital sensor-converts the measured non-electric quantity into digital output signal (including direct and indirect conversion);

Pseudo-digital sensor-the output (including direct or indirect conversion) that converts the measured signal into a frequency signal or a short-period signal;

Switch SANMURON sensor-when the measured signal reaches a certain threshold, the sensor outputs a set low level or high level signal accordingly.

Sensors are classified according to their materials: due to the influence of external factors, all materials will have corresponding reactions. Those materials that are most sensitive to external factors, that is, those with functional characteristics, are used to manufacture sensitive elements of sensors.

What are the sensors related to the ignition system? 2. Type and composition of ignition system.

At present, there are three kinds of automobile engine ignition systems:

Traditional ignition system, electronic ignition system and microcomputer-controlled ignition system (divided into distributor and distributor-free). Modern cars mostly use electronic ignition system, which is mainly composed of power supply, sensor, ECU, igniter, ignition coil, distributor and spark plug. The microcomputer-controlled ignition system is mainly composed of sensor, ECU, ignition module, ignition coil and spark plug.

In the composition of the ignition system, the ignition coil is a very important part, but also a more complicated part. It is mainly composed of primary coil, secondary coil, iron core and ignition module, and different parts of the coil play different roles during ignition.

Second, the working principle of the ignition system

Firstly, ECU determines the best ignition advance angle and power-on time according to the sensor signal, and sends instructions to the igniter, and then the igniter controls the on-off of the primary circuit of the ignition coil according to the instructions. When the circuit is connected, the primary circuit of the ignition coil is connected. When the primary circuit is cut off, high voltage is induced in the secondary coil, and the ignition is completed through the distributor or the spark plug directly sent to the working cylinder.

Three. Parts and functions of ignition system

1, sensor

The sensor is used to check the engine working condition information related to ignition, and the results are input and output to ECU as data for controlling ignition.

2. Control unit (ECU)

ECU is the control core of electronic control system. It analyzes the data from the sensor, calculates and judges through the pre-programmed program, and sends control signals to the ignition controller to obtain the best ignition advance angle and the turn-on time of the primary circuit of the ignition coil.

3. Igniter

The igniter is the executive part of the electronic control ignition system, which can amplify the ignition signal output by the electronic control system and drive the ignition coil to work.

4. Ignition coil

The ignition coil can convert 12V and 24V low-voltage DC supplied by power supply into 15-20kv high-voltage DC. In the electronically controlled ignition system with distributor, there is only one ignition coil, while in the ignition system without distributor, there are multiple ignition coils.

5. Dealers

According to the ignition sequence of the engine, the distributor sends the high-voltage electricity generated by the ignition coil to the spark plugs of each cylinder in turn.

6. Spark plugs

The spark plug uses the high voltage generated by the ignition coil to generate an electric spark to ignite the mixture in the cylinder.

What are the sensors related to the ignition system? 3 What are the main sensors of automobile engine?

1, crankshaft position sensor

Also known as speed sensor, it is the most important sensor in computer-controlled ignition system, and its function is to detect the top dead center signal, engine speed signal and crankshaft angle signal.

And input the computer to control the cylinder ignition sequence, and make the best ignition time instruction, then the car can start normally. It usually works with camshaft position sensor, collectively referred to as phase sensor, to determine the basic ignition time.

2. Camshaft position sensor

It is used to identify the top dead center position of 1 cylinder, collect the position signal of valve camshaft and input it to ECU, so that ECU can identify the top dead center of 1 cylinder compression stroke, that is, provide cylinder judgment signal (the cylinder judgment signal is the only basis for ECU to carry out fuel injection timing and sequential control), so as to carry out sequential fuel injection control, ignition timing control and deflagration control.

3. Water temperature sensor

It is used to detect the temperature of the engine cooling system. When the ECU detects that the water temperature is high, it will start the water tank fan to cool the engine, ensure that the engine works at a suitable temperature, and install it on the engine cooling water channel.

The faults of water temperature sensor are mostly poor contact, and the detected fault code is P003D. When the water temperature sensor is out of order, the automobile will have some phenomena, such as difficult cold start, abnormal oil supply, weak acceleration, rapid acceleration and tempering.

4. Air temperature sensor

It is used to detect the temperature of air entering the engine. The purpose of measuring intake air temperature is to determine the density of air inhaled by the engine. The fuel injection amount is corrected according to the change of air density caused by the temperature change of the intake air. When the outside temperature is too low, the fuel injection quantity will increase, and when it is too high, the fuel injection quantity will decrease. It is usually installed in the air flow meter or on the intake manifold behind the air grille.

5. Intake air pressure sensor

In order to form a suitable mixture, the air inhaled into the engine should be accurately calculated. Most cars judge the intake air volume by the pressure value of the intake pressure sensor. ECU uses these data to determine the fuel injection pulse width and ignition advance angle of the engine, which is generally installed on the intake manifold. Once a fault occurs, it will cause problems such as difficult ignition, unstable idle speed and weak acceleration.

6. Oxygen sensor

The concentration of oxygen molecules in the exhaust pipe is detected and converted into a voltage signal or a resistance signal, so that the electronic control unit can control the richness/lightness of the mixed gas according to this signal. The front oxygen sensor detects the discharged oxygen content to adjust the fuel injection quantity, and the rear oxygen sensor detects the function of the three-way catalyst.

In order to control automobile emissions, ECU should monitor the concentration of automobile exhaust, so as to adjust the fuel injection quantity and make the actual air-fuel ratio close to the theoretical air-fuel ratio. The oxygen sensor has this function and is generally installed on the engine exhaust pipe.

If the oxygen sensor fails and the engine performance is poor, it will cause unstable idle speed, abnormal emission value, increased fuel consumption and carbon deposition in the spark plug. Oxygen sensor poisoning is a common and intractable fault, especially in cars that often use leaded gasoline.

7. Knock sensor

Installed on the cylinder, it is used to detect whether the engine knocks and send the knock signal to the engine control computer as an important reference signal to correct the ignition advance angle. Because it is directly affected by the temperature change or vibration on the engine cylinder, it requires high reliability or stability.