What are the traditional Mongolian festivals?

What are the traditional Mongolian festivals? There are many Mongolian festivals, such as Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Nadam Festival, Sacrifice/Hubei/Expo Festival, Cheng/Ji/Si/Khan Festival and so on. 1. Nadam "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia and plays an important role in the material life of the Mongolian people. The "Nadam" conference is held in July and August every year when livestock are fat. This is a cultural and sports entertainment conference held by people to celebrate the harvest. "Nadam" means entertainment or games in Mongolian. There are thrilling horse racing, wrestling, admirable archery, competitive chess and fascinating songs and dances at the Nadam convention. Before the start of the conference, men, women and children rode horses and dressed in festive costumes, and came to participate in competitions and visits regardless of the distance. The first activity of the conference is generally a wrestling competition. The wrestling hands and feet climb high into the boots, wearing wide satin wrestling pants under them, wearing "Zhao/De/Ge" (a vest) on them, and tying colorful ornaments "Jiang/Ge" around the neck, imitating the ancient knights striding around the field. Horse racing is also one of the important activities of the conference. At the beginning of the race, the riders lined up, each wearing a colored belt and a colored towel, full of youthful vitality. There are all kinds of colorful flags at the beginning and end of the horse race. As soon as the horn sounded, the riders flew into the saddle and whipped the horses, and the red scarf flew around like an arrow/arrow/arrow/hair. The first person to reach the finish line becomes the most praised athlete on the grassland. Archery competitions have also attracted many herders. People with good skills can hit every shot and win applause from the audience. The "Nadam" conference is also an exposition of agricultural and animal husbandry materials. In addition to industrial and agricultural products, there are ethnic diets, such as beef and mutton and their smoked products, cheese, milk powder, cream, milk bumps, milk tofu, yogurt and so on. Second, the Horse Milk Festival is a traditional Mongolian festival with drinking horse milk wine as its main content, hence the name. Popular in Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia and some pastoral areas in Erdos. Usually held in late August of the lunar calendar, the date is not fixed and lasts for one day. In order to celebrate the bumper harvest and bless each other, besides preparing enough kumiss, we also treat guests with "hand-grilled meat", hold horse racing activities, invite folk singers to sing greetings, and present gifts to the elderly of Mongolian medicine. It is said that Nadam Festival originated from this. ? Third, burn/light/festival Every year on October 25 of the lunar calendar, when night falls, everyone lights/lights/cakes/oil/lights to celebrate. Today, most Mongolians in Buhe/Keke/Sai/Er/Mongolian Autonomous County and E/Min/County no longer burn/light/celebrate festivals; The Mongolians in Wusu city don't burn/shine for more than one day during the Lantern Festival, instead, they are all kinds of entertainment. Traditional entertainment activities for the Mongolian people include horse racing, camel racing, wrestling, archery and shooting, tug-of-war, folk singers playing and singing, Ma Touqin playing Jiangge and folk dances. The Mongolian dance in Turhut includes group dance, solo dance, duet between men and women, singing and dancing, which shows the unique characteristics of grassland nationalities. Fourth, the ancient Mongols celebrated the Lunar New Year as the New Year. There are also white festivals or Bai Yue, which are closely related to the whiteness of milk. There are different views on the origin of Mongolian Spring Festival. First, according to the book Q&A in Black and White written in May of Dalai Lama, Genghis Khan took Xixia as the capital in A.D. 1227, and took it as the first year of Mongolian calendar, so the stars and the moon were called the first month. The month of the stars is from 65438+February 16 to 65438+ 10/0/5, which is one month different from the lunar calendar. The Mongolian calendar in Ordos region is based on Bai Yue, May and June. From this point of view, the first year of the Mongolian calendar should be April in agricultural time. According to historical records, since the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians have accepted the calendar algorithm of the Han nationality, so Baiyue in Mongolian coincides with the first month of the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. This is the origin of Mongolian Spring Festival. Near the end of the year, no matter in agricultural and pastoral areas, every household should set up lantern poles. By the thirtieth, we should clean the courtyard and do a good job in indoor hygiene. A small altar should be set in front of the Buddha, and a piece of cooked mutton should be enlarged on the altar for dairy products and flour-made fruits ... >>

What festivals and customs do Mongolians have? Mongolian traditional festivals mainly include the Lunar New Year, and the Mongolian language is "Chagan Saren", that is, Bai Yue. Mongolian New Year Festival, also called "White Festival" or "Bai Yue", is closely related to the whiteness of milk. In addition, there are Nadam, Horse Milk Festival and so on.

Sacrifice Aobao is also one. Aobao is Mongolian, meaning heap or bulge. One of the grand ceremonies of the Mongols. Aobao is generally located on high mountains or hills. It is a cone-shaped solid tower made of stone, with a long rod inserted at the top, animal hair horns and scripture cloth tied to its head, and a cushion stone burning cedar wood around it. Next to Aobao are branches covered with whole sheep, koumiss, butter and cheese. When offering sacrifices to the handle, ancient shaman wizards beat drums and chanted scriptures, worshiping and praying; In modern times, lamas burn incense, light fires and recite scriptures. Herdsmen circled Aobao three times from left to right, praying for God's blessing. Mongolian herders follow the primitive religious beliefs of their ancestors and believe that tall and majestic mountains will lead to heaven; This mountain is also the place where imaginary gods live. Therefore, the worship of the mountain and the prayer to God are expressed in the form of offering sacrifices to Aobao. There are many traditional Mongolian sacrificial activities, such as offering sacrifices to heaven, fire, ancestors and Aobao. Among them, offering sacrifices to Aobao is the most important sacrificial activity, and it is one of the manifestations of grassland people advocating natural thought. Xilin Gol League is a well-preserved area where the historical relics of Aobao are sacrificed.

Etiquette and customs:

Mongolians, whether acquaintances or strangers, always greet each other warmly: "He is a perfect match." (Hmm), then the host put his right hand on his chest, bowed slightly, and invited the guests into the yurt. The whole family, old and young, sat around the guests, asking questions as if they were at home.

Usually, after drinking milk tea, generous hosts always put sweet butter, milk skin, mellow milk wine, crispy fried fruit, fried rice, milk tea, cheese and "hand-grilled meat" with unique grassland flavor in front of their guests and invite them to have a drink feast. If the host has special respect for the guests, he often puts milk jugs and hip jugs on Hada's top, and sometimes sings some welcome and friendly songs to persuade the guests to drink. The guest took a sip, and the host was very happy. When you meet a banquet, please invite special distinguished guests or festivals, and often put a whole sheep mat. Mongolians call it "black tea", while others call it "Hughes" and "Buhuli". When guests say goodbye, they often send their families away, point out the way and repeatedly say "Bai Yitai Day!" On the 11th, Wu Taicha Reya (I hope we can meet again happily), "A Mu Day, Saiyin, Yaba!" Have a safe trip.

Hada in Xi 'an: Hada is a Tibetan transliteration. It is often used to welcome, give gifts, worship God, pay New Year greetings and celebrate to show respect and congratulations. This etiquette has a long history. According to Kyle? As written in the Travel Notes of Polo, Mongolians "will hold gifts made of gold, silver, jade and white silk during the New Year holiday in China".

Snuff bottle handing: It is an ancient custom of Mongolians. When visiting Mongolian yurts, the hospitable host often takes out a small pot as delicate as a porcelain bottle for the guests to smell. This is a snuff bottle with snuff. There are certain rules for handing snuff bottles. If you meet a colleague, you should hand the pot in your right hand and exchange it with each other, or raise your hands slightly and bow to exchange it, then pour a little snuff, rub it on your nose with your fingers, smell the smoke, and then exchange it after you finish. If the elders meet the younger generation, they should lean slightly, pass the pot with their right hands, and the younger generation will be crisp, take it with both hands, raise their hands to smell it, and then exchange.

In Mongolian customs, they ride horses and take buses to visit the herdsmen's homes. When approaching the yurt, ride slowly to avoid disturbing the cattle. Before entering the yurt, put the whip and stick outside the door. If you bring them into the bag, it will be regarded as disrespectful to the owner. Don't get on the bus or get on the horse immediately after you get out of the yurt. You have to walk for a while before you get on the bus and get on the horse when the master comes back. As a guest in the bag, the host bends down to serve milk tea, and the guest bends down to pick it up with both hands. The northwest corner of Bao is a place for offering Buddha. You can't put your feet in the northwest corner when you sleep. It is not advisable to use a tobacco pouch or fingers. Don't touch the stove with your feet, and don't roast your feet on the fire, otherwise it is equivalent to insulting the kitchen god. In the yurt, if there is a patient, tie a rope to the left side of the door, and the head of the rope is buried underground, which means that the host cannot entertain guests and visitors are not allowed to enter the door.

/kloc-customs at the age of 0/8

The most important festival for Mongolian people is China New Year. Usually, on the fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, people begin to prepare for the China New Year. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family or relatives and friends get together for dinner, entertainment and sending Vulcan.

From the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month to the fifth day of the first month, it is the happiest day of the New Year. After the night falls on New Year's Eve, people gather in the oldest people's homes and begin to celebrate "New Year's Eve" (feast ... >>

What are the traditional festivals and customs of Mongolians? Traffic habits

The traditional means of transportation of Mongolians are mainly farm animals and vehicles. The draft animals are mainly horses and camels, and the means of transportation is Che Le.

Grazing horses

Mongols are called a people on horseback. In ancient times, children used horses instead of walking. Horses are not only a means of transportation for Mongolians, but also an important part of Mongolian national culture. Mongolians are familiar with the nature of horses and usually adopt extensive ways of raising horses. Mongolian horses are divided into several series, including Wuzhu Muqin Horse, Shangdu Hippo, Wushen Horse, Sanhe Horse, Horqin Horse and so on. [23]

Kublai Khan hunting map [23]

Inner Mongolia has a vast grassland and rich pasture, which is very suitable for raising horses. Horses are good at sports, so they eat a lot. When eating and defecating, their stomachs digest quickly, and they have to keep eating grass most of the day. In summer, there are many mosquitoes. Horses avoid mosquitoes and heat during the day, and mainly eat grass and catch fat at night. [23]

Mongolians grew up on horseback, and horses are the cradle of Mongolians. Mongolians believe that horses are the most perfect and considerate domestic animals in the world. Mongolian horses are fierce, but they are loyal to their owners. Mongolians regard horses as friends of shepherds, and horses regard their heads as nobles. Mongolians are forbidden to lead and abuse horses, and two people are not allowed to ride a horse. In autumn, they are not allowed to ride wild horses and make them sweat. Flight attendants and riders should carry horse sweat scraping boards and horse brushes with them, wash their bodies at any time, scrape off horse sweat, promote blood circulation, relax muscles and eliminate fatigue for Ma Shu. At the same time, it is also a way for the owner to get close to the horse and enhance his feelings. [23]

Horses have been deeply integrated into the spiritual world of Mongolians. There are countless hymns, fables, aphorisms, folklore, folk songs, music, art and sculptures with Mongolian horses as the theme. There are also many horse-related festivals in Mongolia, such as horse racing festival, pony festival, horse milk festival, god horse festival and so on. The mausoleum of Genghis Khan on the Ordos Plateau has a god horse named Wendugan Chagan and two white horses of Genghis Khan. [23]

In modern times, Mongolian horses in China have gradually lost their functions of production, living and riding, and the number of Mongolian horses is also rapidly decreasing. Mongolians have realized that there are fewer and fewer Mongolian horses, and people of insight in society have begun to establish various organizations about Mongolian horses. Research and rescue of Mongolian horses are being carried out on the grassland in Inner Mongolia. [23]

camel

Camel, docile, easy to tame, hunger and thirst-resistant, cold and heat-resistant, good at trekking and able to bear loads. It not only produces milk, meat and fluff, but also can be used for service. It has four uses, which are beyond the reach of other domestic animals. There are many camels in the west of Inner Mongolia, known as "Temo" in Mongolian, which is an indispensable means of transportation for herders. Able to ride and carry goods. It is two or three meters high and has long legs. It can reach more than one meter in one step and can walk for one or two hundred days. It's a long journey and a heavy load. It can carry 200 kilograms of goods, which is equivalent to the negative weight of a good horse and two cows. Since ancient times, it has the reputation of "the boat in the desert" and is the main freight carrier in the desert area. In the desert area of western Inner Mongolia, groups of camels often travel long distances with heavy loads. The expedition team visited the desert, the sand control team afforested the desert, and the tourist team roamed the desert. Only camels are their faithful companions.

Le Che Le

Le Che Le

Le Che Le, known as "Pulley Car", "Rollo Car" and "Ox Car" in ancient times, is an ancient means of transportation on the northern grassland. This kind of car has a small body, but its two wheels are very high, with a diameter of about one meter. It can be completely made of birch or elm wood, with no iron parts, simple structure and easy manufacture and maintenance. The whole car is generally divided into two parts: the lower foot and the upper foot. These wastes include wheels, spokes and axles. Wheels generally adopt hardwood cutting 12 rims, and the 12 rims are connected and fixed together to form a round wheel. Generally, there are about 36 spokes supporting the wheels. The upper leg consists of two shafts and a 10 automobile bracket. The shaft is about 4 meters long, and the 10 car bracket can be fixed in the middle. A Lele weighs about 100 kilograms, and can carry five or six hundred kilograms to more than one thousand kilograms.

traditional festival

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

Like the Han nationality, the Mongolians in China also celebrate the Spring Festival. They celebrate the Spring Festival, which is very grand. Years ago, I slaughtered pigs and sheep, bought sugar and wine, and made all kinds of milk food. In the new year, we will clean the house, put up New Year pictures, set off firecrackers, burn incense, wear new clothes, pay New Year greetings to each other, offer gifts, and organize cultural and sports activities collectively. In some agricultural areas, Lantern Festival shows such as playing with lights, swinging and walking on stilts. [24]

aobao festival

Erdun shisan' aobao

This is a grand festival for the Mongolian people. It comes from Tibetans. Tibetans often carve the six-character mantra on stones and put it in Shan Ye. Passers-by threw stones at them or piled them up into stone platforms, which gradually grew taller and inserted into them ... >>

Who knows that the traditional Mongolian festival Nadam Festival is an annual traditional Mongolian festival in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other places. It is held in July and August every year, which is a golden season with rich water plants, fat livestock and refreshing autumn wind. Nadam means "entertainment" or "game" in Mongolian. It occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people, and it is produced to meet the living needs of the Mongolian people. Nadam convention has a long history. In the past, during the Nadam Conference, there were large-scale sacrificial activities. Lamas had to burn incense and light lamps, recite scriptures and praise Buddha, pray for the blessing of the gods, and eliminate disasters and solve problems. At present, the Nadam Convention mainly includes wrestling, horse racing, archery, saburo, horse riding, playing Mongolian chess and other traditional national events. Some places have sports competitions such as track and field, tug-of-war, volleyball and basketball. In addition, there are wonderful performances such as martial arts, polo, archery on horseback, chopping on horseback, Atletico walking, riding skills, motorcycles and so on. Horses participating in the Atletico Walking Race must undergo special training. They can't leave the ground on all fours at the same time They can only walk fast, but they can't run fast. As night falls, the melodious and passionate voice of Ma Touqin is floating on the grassland, young men and women are singing and dancing by the bonfire, and people are immersed in the joy of the festival.

The annual traditional festival of Mongolian people outside Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang, in July and August every year, the foothills are rich in water and grass, and the livestock are fat and beautiful, in the golden autumn season. The army chief of staff is an emissary of entertainment or games. It occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people and meets the needs of the Mongolian people's life. Festivals have a long history In the past, during festivals, large-scale sacrificial activities were held. Monks had to burn incense and light lamps, worship Buddha in everything, pray for God's grace and solve problems. At present, the main contents of the festival are traditional events such as wrestling, horse racing, archery, Saburi, horse riding, Mongolian chess, etc. In some areas, there are also sports such as track and field, tug-of-war, volleyball and basketball. In addition, there are wonderful performances such as Wushu Festival, polo, horse riding, archery, horse chop 1988, horse riding, equestrian and motorcycle. The horse took part in the walking horse, and it must be und>>.

What is the annual traditional festival of Mongolian people in Xinjiang? Mongolian festivals are basically the same as those of Han nationality. Festivals with unique national characteristics include "Luban Festival", "Nadam Festival" and "ancestor worship festival".

Luban Festival is held on the second day of the fourth lunar month every year. It is said that Mongolian architectural skills were taught by Lu Ban, and the second day of April was the day when Lu Ban sent "art classics" to Mongolian "Ban Ban". Therefore, every day, Mongolian mud, wood and stone craftsmen get together to tell their experiences of respecting teachers and loving the virtuous and developing the construction industry.

Nadam convention means entertainment and celebration of harvest. It is held every year in mid-February of 65438+ Gregorian calendar.

What are the traditional Mongolian festivals? There are many Mongolian festivals, such as the Spring Festival (Baiyue), Nadam, Mare Festival, Aobao Festival and Genghis Khan Mausoleum. Among them, the Spring Festival and Nadam Conference are the most grand.

What is the Mongolian traditional grand festival "Nadam" is Mongolian, also known as "Nair", and "Mu" is a transliteration of Mongolian, meaning "entertainment game" to express the joy of harvest. The "Nadam" conference is a traditional festival with a long history in Mongolia and occupies an important position in the life of the Mongolian people.

Aobao Festival is a Mongolian festival with a long history. Every July and August, Mongolians often get together to celebrate this festival.

What are the traditional festivals in Mongolia? Traditional festivals include "White Festival", offering sacrifices to Aobao, Nadam, and the game of grassland brave: bristle Festival.

The biggest festival among Mongolian people in a year is the annual festival equivalent to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality, also known as the "white festival". Legend has it that it is related to the whiteness of milk, which means wishing good luck. The time of the festival is roughly the same as the Spring Festival. On New Year's Eve, every family eats hand-grabbed meat, including jiaozi and pancakes. On the morning of the first day, the younger generation will offer "farewell wine" to their elders.

Luban Festival

It is a traditional festival of Mongolian in Xicheng, Tonghai County, Yunnan Province. It is held every year on the second day of the fourth lunar month for one day.

the Lantern Festival

Every year on the 25th day of the Lunar New Year 10, as night falls, every household lights butter lamps to celebrate.