News photography test questions and answers

The following are the news photography questions and answers I have compiled, hoping to help everyone who studies news photography!

1. Fill in the blanks (each space 1 minute, * * *1minute)

1. The study of ancient cliff stone carvings and various statues proves that _ _ _ _ _ is one of the earliest ways of mass communication in human history.

2. The principle of lens imaging is to use the principle of _ _ _ _ _ _.

3. According to the different shutter structure and operation mode, camera shutters can be divided into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

4. The emergence of digital cameras is because people invented new materials to record scene images? _________。

5. The traditional photographic photosensitive materials mainly include photosensitive plate and _ _ _ _ _ _.

6. In terms of color sensitivity, black-and-white photographic film includes color blindness, color separation and _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

7. Color negative film and color reversal film are divided into _ _ _ _ and lighting type to meet the shooting needs under different light sources.

8. The correct exposure method is to _ _ _ _ according to the brightness of the scene.

9. According to the types of light sources, it can be generally divided into natural light and _ _ _ _ _.

10. The three elements of color are chroma, lightness and _ _ _ _ _ _.

Second, multiple-choice questions (choose a correct answer from the four alternative answers of each small question, and fill in the serial number of the correct answer in brackets. Every little problem

1, *** 10)

1. () is recognized as the first person who invented photography in the world.

A. Bresson B. Hysmans? Kodak Daguerre Pulitzer

2. The person who recorded major historical events with photography for the first time in the history of human society is ().

A. Roger Fenton B. Lewis? Daguerre Nipps Talbot

3. Usually the objective lens of a camera is called lens for short, which is mainly composed of () and some mechanical devices.

A. lens group B. aperture C. convex lens D. concave lens

4. The most basic equipment for photography is ().

A. Black and white and colored paper B. Camera and photosensitive material

C. Magnifier and color magnifying equipment D. Various filters

5. On the camera, it is used to see the scenery and determine the shooting range ().

A. focal plane B. aperture C. viewfinder D. image viewfinder

6. The tolerance of photosensitive film refers to ().

A. shooting with various types of cameras can be allowed.

B. the ability to correctly record the contrast between light and shade of the scene

C. it can adapt to various washing conditions.

D. photosensitive film can be used for various purposes.

7. From the point of color temperature, light-colored film is suitable for shooting at the color temperature of ().

A.5000K B.3200K C.5400K D.2800K

8. What's next? Flash link? The wrong one is ().

A. Theoretically, the electronic flash can effectively cooperate with any shutter.

A camera with an endoscopic shutter can be connected to the flash at any speed.

C. It is difficult for a camera with focal plane shutter to realize flash linkage.

D on the quick dial of the camera, mark the flash synchronous shutter with a special color or mark.

9. Black and white development commonly used inhibitor is ().

A. fenidone B. potassium bromide C. acetic acid D. borax

10. The history of news photography can be traced back to (), which is called? Than pie? what's up The real terminator? .

A. Bresson Chen Fuli salomon Daguerre

Three, multiple-choice questions (five alternative answers to each question, choose two to five correct answers, and fill in the serial number of the correct answer in brackets.

Within, multiple choices, fewer choices, and wrong choices are not scored. Each small question 1 point, * * *1point)

1. The world-famous photojournalism competitions mainly include ()

A. Pulitzer Prize for Journalism

C.？ Dutch World Press Photography Foundation? Photo News Competition (Netherlands)

D.？ Golden Globe Award? News Award E. Golden Eagle Award News Award

2.p shutter means ()

A. long exposure, press and open, and then release.

B. For automatic exposure

C. This is a manual shutter selection.

D. The combination of shutter and aperture can be automatically selected according to the program settings.

E. it is mainly used for fixed portrait photography.

3. The main function of the viewfinder is ()

A, determine the aperture value b, and observe the shooting scene.

C, determining the shooting range d of the scene, and determining the selection of the scene and the layout of the layout screen.

E, determining the value of the shutter

4. About the characteristics of wide-angle lens, the following statement is true ()

A. The wide-angle lens has a large viewing angle and a wide shooting range, and can shoot large scenes in a relatively short distance.

B. Because the wide-angle lens has a short focal length and a short depth of field, a larger clear range can be obtained by using a large aperture.

C. wide-angle lenses can exaggerate the sense of spatial depth.

D. because the wide-angle lens has a great prospect, it is beneficial to highlight the prospect.

E. Wide-angle lenses rarely cause exaggerated deformation of the subject.

5. Commonly used photographic accessories mainly include ()

A. Tripod and monopod B. Monitor

C. Cable release D. Close-up ring and range finder

E. flash

6. The following belongs to the difference between traditional photography and digital photography is ()

A. The fundamental difference between them lies in the different focal lengths of the lenses used.

B. The main reason is that the methods of recording images are different.

C. use different photosensitive materials.

D. the difference between them is mainly reflected in the different definition of the image.

E. the fundamental difference between them lies in the difference in the viewfinder used.

7. In order to record different colors, the color film is coated with multiple layers of emulsion, and each layer has different photosensitivity. Usually at least

( )

A. White layer B. Red layer C. Green layer

D. Blue sensitive layer E. Black sensitive layer

8. The main factors affecting the negative image density are ()

A. the focal length of the camera used B. the contrast between light and shade of the scene itself

C. Contrast performance of film itself D. Influence of development control

E. Selection of foreground and background during shooting

9. Independent exposure meter can generally be divided into ().

A. Reflective exposure meter B. Incident exposure meter

C. Exposure meter with incident light and reflected light

E. Camera built-in exposure meter

10. On sunny days, with the change of the position of the sun, the scenery also changes due to the change of the light receiving surface? The light receiving angle and the light receiving range change accordingly. This kind of scenery

The change of light can be divided into ()

A. Smooth light B. Side light and side backlight

C. Backlight D. Fire and light

E. Roof lighting

Four. Noun explanation (5 points for each small question, * * * 25 points)

1. Focus

2. Standard lens

3. Automatic Jing Shenbiao

4.？ Than pie?

5. News ethics

5. short answer questions (note: this is entitled * * * ten small questions. Please answer five questions at will. If candidates answer more than five questions, they will be scored according to the first five questions. 5 points for each small question,

***25 points)

1. Please briefly describe the factors that promote the development of news photography.

2. In the last 20 years of the 20th century, China's photojournalism reform has made a series of remarkable new achievements. Please summarize these achievements.

3. What is the function of the lens?

4. Briefly explain the relationship between focal length and viewing angle.

5. What are the characteristics of the F coefficient of the aperture?

6. Please briefly analyze the advantages and disadvantages of 135 camera.

7. Please briefly talk about the development of photographic film.

8. What are the main functions of electronic flash?

9. Why is live snapshot the main method of news photography?

10. How to predict news events?

6. Question and answer (Note: this question is * * *, a total of four questions, and candidates should choose to answer two of them. Candidates who answer more than two questions will be scored according to the first two questions, with each small question 10, * * * 20).

1. Please briefly analyze the influence of light changes on exposure.

2. Briefly describe the division of photographic scenes and their respective characteristics.

3. What are the basic requirements of news authenticity? What are the reasons for inaccurate news reports? Please explain it with examples you have contacted.

4. Please briefly describe the light configuration of lighting photography, and take the close-range portrait as an example to customize the light distribution method. Determine the position of various lights and draw a light bitmap (sketch)-.

Reference answer

Course code: 00659

1. Fill in the blanks (each space 1 minute, * * *1minute)

1. Visual communication

2. Convex lens imaging

3. Type of machinery

4. Digital memory and digital memory card

5. Photographic paper

6. Full-color movies

7. daylight type

8. Control exposure

9. Artificial light

10. soak

Second, multiple-choice questions (each question 1 point, * * *1point)

1.C 2。 A 3。 A 4。 B 5。 C

6.B 7。 B 8。 C 9。 B 10。 C

Iii. Multiple choice questions (each question 1 point, * * *1point)

1.AC 2。 BD 3。 BCD 4。 ACD 5。 American Council for drug education American anti-drug education Committee

6. 7 BC. BCD 8。 BCD 9。 ABCD 10。 ABCE

Four. Noun explanation (5 points for each small question, * * * 25 points)

1. key point: the parallel light from infinity is refracted by the lens and converged into a clear point on the main axis of the lens. This is very clear.

Is the point.

2. Key point: It refers to the lens whose focal length is equal to the diagonal length of the negative, and its viewing angle is close to the normal viewing angle of human eyes, which is similar to that of 135 camera.

50 degrees (120 camera is 80 degrees). This kind of lens is called standard lens because its viewing angle is close to the normal visual effect of human eyes.

3. Key point: Jing Shenbiao carves two sets of corresponding aperture coefficients near the focus ring. When focusing, with the rotation of the focusing ring,

It can automatically indicate the depth of field range of all levels of aperture, and the distance range between two identical aperture values is the depth of field range of this aperture, that is, the automatic Jing Shenbiao.

4. Main point: Born after the First World War, it is an anti-impressionist photography art school. The goal of this school of photographers is the artistic significance of photography.

Easy to pursue the creative principle of integrating poetry and painting, and put forward the style and creative principle of respecting the characteristics of photography, pursuing objectivity, truth and nature, not manipulating and interfering with objects, and not pursuing painter's style. In this school of photographers, there is the famous photographer Bresson.

5. Key points: It is the adjustment to people, people and society formed by journalists engaged in news information dissemination activities in the long-term news practice.

The code of conduct for their relationship.

Five, short answer questions (5 points for each small question, ***25 points)

1. Focus: (1) The invention of photography; France Louis? Daguerre Silver Photography was purchased by the French government and announced to the world (2) the world's first new one.

Smell photography; In Hamburg, Germany, Biou and Stelzner took the photo "The Ruins of Hamburg Fire", which is recognized as the first news photo in the world today (3) Roger? Fenton; He is the first person to record major historical events with photography in the history of human society. He recorded some scenes of the Crimean war. Other factors that promote the development of news photography; (4) News photos published in Pictorial; (5) 1884, George? Hysmans invented the film; (6) The continuous improvement of printing, especially the invention of photographic copperplate; (7) 1924 The small Lycra camera developed by German technician Oscar Barnach came out.

2. Emphasis: (1) Try to establish a news photography system; (two) to carry out the national excellent news photography selection activities; (3) the change of news photographers

Leather exploration; (4) end the long-standing discussion about? Swing? With what? Hey? On-the-spot capture is the main method of news photography, which has become a common sense and a main method consciously adopted by photographers. (5) The general management policy that news photography should become the wings of newspapers and news agencies is established; (6) established? how much is it? Principles of publishing pictures; (7) Strive to establish a unique aesthetic system of news photography and attach importance to the aesthetic research of news photography; (8) the development of photojournalism education; (9) establishing professional newspapers and periodicals for news photography; (10) extensive foreign exchange.

3. Emphasis: (1) The function of the lens is to make the scene form a clear image at the focal plane, that is, to gather the reflection of the external scene.

The light emitted by the luminous body; (2) Make the photographed scene form a clear latent image on the photographic film.

4. Key points: (1) Like human eyes, lenses have a certain angle of view, which is called viewing angle; (2) Generally speaking, a lens with a long focal length has a small viewing angle and a small focal length.

The shorter, the larger the angle of view; (3) A lens with a focal length equal to the diagonal of the negative, a viewing angle close to the normal viewing angle of human eyes and a shooting range close to the viewing range of human eyes is a standard lens; A lens with a focal length greater than the diagonal length of the negative is called a long focal length lens, and its shooting range is smaller than that observed by human eyes. A lens with a focal length less than the diagonal length of the negative is called a wide-angle lens, and its shooting range is larger than that observed by human eyes.

5. Important: (1) The number is inversely proportional to the relative aperture of the lens; (2) The luminous flux between every two adjacent levels of aperture coefficients is twice different; (3) The relationship between the aperture coefficients of every two adjacent stages is 2 times.

6. Key points: Advantages: (1) Small size, light weight and easy to carry; (2) The film used is 36 mm? 24 mm 135 negative, often

There are 24, 36 and other packages, which can be selected according to needs; (3) Modern 135 cameras are equipped with a variety of interchangeable lenses, which can be replaced at any time as needed; (4) Compared with other types of cameras, the lens of 135 camera has large effective aperture, strong sensitivity and strong adaptability to different light; (5) 135 cameras mostly use focal plane shutter, and the highest shutter speed can reach thousands of seconds, which can meet the special needs of high-speed moving objects in news photography.

Disadvantages: (1) The limitation of flash synchronization speed brought by focal plane shutter makes it impossible to achieve very fast shutter speed when using flash; (2) During filming

When shooting a high-speed moving object, if the shutter speed is too fast, the image will be distorted.

7. Key points: (1) The development of photosensitive film includes four aspects: color sensitivity, shape, technology and photosensitive speed. (2) From the perspective of color sensitivity, photosensitive film has passed.

Color-blind movies? Color separation? Color film? The development of infrared film: (3) Morphology: Does the photosensitive film pass through the metal sheet? Wet glass? Dry glass? Celluloid film? Cellulose triacetate film? Development course of polyester film; (4) In terms of sensitivity, has the photographic film experienced slow motion? Medium speed film? Fast film? The development process of fast film; (5) From the technological point of view, the photosensitive film has been coated with a single layer? Mixed coating? Multilayer and thin coating? Development course of dye imaging

8. Key points: (1) Lighting function (2) Shaping images (3) Automatic exposure (4) High-speed shutter (5) Adjusting color light (6) Continuous recording (7) Focusing at night.

9. Key points: (1) The instantaneous image taken is natural and true; (2) The content of instantaneous image information captured by non-interfering objects is large; (3) Capture is news events and

The requirements of the press law itself; (4) Advocating snapshots is helpful to improve the quality of journalists.

10. Key points: (1) If you want to shoot new ideas, you must first advocate the diversification and all-round way of thinking; (2) Interviews and shooting of predicted events should be recorded.

Recording stage, to witness stage; (3) We should advocate shooting more unexpected plots; (4) We should advocate catching interesting moments.

Question and answer of intransitive verbs (each small question 10, ***20)

1. key points: a, the influencing factors mainly include the change of light source irradiation direction, time of day, weather, season and region;

B, the influence of the change of light irradiation direction on exposure. On sunny days (1), the brightness of the scene is different due to the different direction of sunlight, which affects the exposure control; (2) According to the different lighting directions and lighting conditions of the scenery, natural lighting in sunny days can be divided into front lighting, side lighting, back lighting, top lighting and lighting in sunny shadows. (3) The light is steady. All the shooting surfaces of the scene are illuminated. The light receiving area is large and the light is uniform, which is the brightest light receiving situation in the scene. (4) Side light comes from the side of the scene and is divided into front side light and front side light. In general, the exposure of the front light must be increased by 1/2 than that of the front light, that is, the aperture should be opened by more than half a step; Positive light increases exposure by 1 level than smooth light; (5) When backlighting, the light comes from behind the subject. According to the light condition, it can be divided into side backlight and backlight. If the side is backlit, the aperture should be large when exposed. Compared with the front light, the aperture should be 1 half aperture. When backlighting, you should open an aperture two levels larger than when backlighting; (6) When lighting, the light shines on the top of the photographed scene, and the exposure should be judged according to the size of the light receiving area.

(7) In the shadow of a sunny day. Because it is scattered light, the whole scene is evenly exposed, so it can be exposed according to the situation of backlight, that is, at least the aperture must be opened more than two levels higher than the forward light to correctly expose the scene. Others include C. the influence of time of day on exposure. D, the impact of weather changes on exposure. E, the influence of seasonal changes on exposure. F, the influence of regional changes on exposure. G, the influence of altitude on exposure.

2. Key points: (1) People usually divide photographic scenes into five types: distant view, panoramic view, middle view, close-up view and close-up; (2) vision. Vision is the most photographed.

Big scene, the longest shooting distance. The focus of the performance is the vastness of the scene and the broadening of the vision. The foreground image shows the overall effect. In film and television pictures, vision is mainly used to explain the environment; (3) Panorama. Panorama is smaller than vision, which is used to describe the whole picture of things. In film and television, panorama is still used to introduce the whole and the environment. In figure photography, the panorama shows the whole human body; (4) Mid shot. Taking people as a reference, the middle shot is a bust of a person. In a sense, the shot shows the relationship between the subject and the environment. When shooting the middle scene, you should distinguish between primary and secondary, and avoid distinguishing between primary and secondary, or foreground, background and companion. Attention should be paid to putting the subject and the foil in different positions of the picture, so that the subject and the foil are staggered, and the middle shot is often used when shooting news figures. (5) Close shot. The object of close-up is the subject itself, and the function of close-up is to describe and express the subject itself, which makes people have a strong impression on the subject. If people are taken as an example, close-range shooting is to introduce people's expressions and psychological activities, portray people's character, express people's inner world and reveal people's thoughts and feelings. In news photography, the picture is required to be concise and concentrated, and the subject image is full and substantial; (6) close-up. Taking human as a reference, close-up shows human limbs or parts. Close-up focuses on the local and details of the scene, revealing the characteristics of things from the nuances. Due to the shortest shooting distance, the close-up gives the audience a forced visual effect, highlights the local performance of the subject, and makes people have a strong visual psychological effect.

3. Key points: A. The basic requirements of news authenticity are: (1) The object of news photography should be true and real; beat

Pictures should also conform to the true colors of real people, that is, the facts should be true; (2) On the whole, the images of people, events and moments should be typical and representative, which can reflect people's personality characteristics and basic characteristics of things, that is, they should be true as a whole; (3) Try to capture the typical instantaneous images naturally revealed by typical characters in typical environments to ensure the natural truth of news images; (4) The written description should be accurate and true, unambiguous and not fabricated at will. B. Reasons for inaccurate news reports: (1) I don't understand that the basic principle of news photography is to truly convey news information, but I confuse news with propaganda, trying to force readers to accept a certain concept or publicize a certain concept and slogan through news photography reports, instead of reporting facts from the perspective of news elements; (2) There is something wrong with the work style, which is not practical and the interview is not in-depth, which naturally endows the news pictures with meaning and connotation; (3) confuse news photography with artistic creation; (4) There is something wrong with moral quality; (5) There are political reasons; (6) playing practical jokes.

4. Key points: (1) The lighting used in lighting photography can be divided into main light, auxiliary light, background light, decorative light, etc. according to the different functions of lighting. (2) main light.

It is the light used to illuminate the main body or important part of the scene, the main basis for exposure control and the most important light for lighting photography. The main light is used to illuminate the surface of an object. There can only be one main light, and its lighting effect should be similar to that of sunlight. It should be irradiated from top to bottom, and the irradiation angle should be at the front side of the subject, and the deviation degree is generally 45 degrees, and it can also be between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. Can be placed in front of the main body.