Orchid English

Introduction of orchids.

Orchids are monocotyledonous plants, orchids and orchids. Epiphytic or terrestrial herbs, with several or at most leaves, usually born at the base or lower nodes of pseudobulb, two rows, banded or rarely oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, with broad sheaths and nodes at the base around pseudobulb. There are several flowers in the raceme, and the colors are white, pure white, white green, yellow-green, yellow-yellow, yellow-brown, yellow, red, cyan and purple.

Orchids among the traditional famous flowers in China only refer to some terrestrial orchids distributed in China, such as Cymbidium hybridum, Cymbidium hybridum, Cymbidium hybridum, commonly known as "China Orchids". This orchid is very different from tropical orchids, with large flowers and bright colors. They have no conspicuous brilliance and huge flowers and leaves, but they have a simple, quiet, elegant and noble temperament, which conforms to the aesthetic standards of orientals. It has been cultivated in China for more than 1000 years.

China people have always regarded orchids as a symbol of nobility and elegance, and they are called "Four Gentlemen" together with "Plum, Bamboo and Chrysanthemum". Usually, "Zhang Lan" is used to describe the beauty of poetry, and "Lan Jiao" is used to describe the truth of friendship. Some people also use orchids to express pure love, such as "the spirit remains unchanged as orchid, the heart remains unchanged as orchid" and "finding a bosom friend and giving a dream to Xiaoxiang". 65438+May 0985 Orchids were rated as four of the top ten famous flowers in China.

2. Botanical history

Orchids have been cultivated in China for about 2000 years. It is reported that as early as the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Gou Jian, King of Yue, had planted orchids in the mountains of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, orchids have been used to decorate courtyards. At first, the ancients mainly collected wild orchids. As for the artificial cultivation of orchids, it started from the court.

After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, orchids were cultivated from the palace to the private gardens of the literati class, which were used to decorate gardens and beautify the environment, as described in Cao Zhi's poem "Qiu Lan was given a long slope". It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the cultivation of orchids developed into the cultivation of general gardens and flower farmers. For example, Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote poems such as "Lan Xiang is far away and Lan Cao Xiang is far away".

The Song Dynasty is the heyday in the history of orchid art in China, and there are many books and descriptions about orchid art. For example, in Er Ya Yi written by Luo Yuan in the Song Dynasty, the leaves of orchids are like sand, which originated in early spring. The flowers are very fragrant, probably from the forest. When the breeze passes by, their fragrance spreads to the outside, so they are called Lan Zhi. Orchids in Jiangnan only work in spring, and orchids in Jingchu and Fujian are fragrant in autumn and summer. Zhang Jin Lan Pu, written by Zhao Shigeng in the Southern Song Dynasty on 1233, can be said to be the earliest existing orchid monograph in China and the first one in the world.