What are the active liabilities of financial institutions?

Active liability refers to a step in the financial operation of banks. According to the statistics of China's central bank's credit revenue and expenditure, the sources of commercial banks' funds are deposits, issuance of bonds, liabilities to the central bank, liabilities to financial institutions, external liabilities, other liabilities and owners' equity.

Main forms of active liabilities of commercial banks in China

1. Issuing bonds means that commercial banks integrate funds from money or capital markets by issuing financial bonds. In the past, only three policy banks in China issued financial bonds. Since the central bank issued the Measures for the Administration of Subordinated Bond Issuance of Commercial Banks in June 2004 and the Measures for the Administration of Financial Bond Issuance in the National Inter-bank Bond Market in May 2005, ordinary commercial banks began to issue subordinated bonds and financial bonds one after another, and bond issuance gradually became an indispensable part of the sources of funds for commercial banks.

2. Liabilities to the central bank refer to the operation of commercial banks to integrate funds from the central bank. At present, the main forms are refinancing, rediscounting and reverse repurchase by the central bank in the open market. The central bank's liabilities are based on two purposes: one is to increase the sources of funds of commercial banks and alleviate the lack of liquidity of commercial banks; Second, the central bank regulates the money supply in the market and implements the intention of monetary policy.

3. Inter-bank liabilities refer to the business behavior of commercial banks integrating funds into financial institutions. Inter-bank liabilities mainly include inter-bank lending (with a term of no more than 4 months) and borrowing (with a term of more than 4 months, at present, borrowers are limited to branches of foreign banks in China), bill transfer, credit asset transfer repurchase, bond repurchase and other forms of realization, in which inter-bank lending and borrowing are generally based on credit, and others are financed with existing assets as collateral.

4. Agreement deposit means that commercial banks introduce large deposit funds from insurance companies, social security funds, postal savings and money market funds according to policies and regulations, and stipulate the term and interest rate. General deposits or interbank deposits are included in this part of statistics, but they are liabilities to peers in essence, with the nature of individual marketing, agreed term, interest rate and amount, and also belong to the category of active liabilities.