Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional customs - Buddhism is inherited from which country the earliest history is not good hope to answer friends do not laugh!
Buddhism is inherited from which country the earliest history is not good hope to answer friends do not laugh!
"Pali Classical Buddhism". Around the 3rd to 6th centuries A.D., Buddhism was introduced from India or Sri Lanka to Burma, and then from Burma to Xishuangbanna.
Buddhism was initially called the "Pangba Sect" and was not accepted by the Dai people. Later, a school called "Pangsun School" was introduced, which was accepted by the masses and
became popularized. Because Buddhism preached negativity, patience, harmony, reincarnation, and karma, which were conducive to maintaining the rule of the Dai feudal lords,
it was praised, embraced, and promoted by the rulers, and thus became the religion practiced by the Dai and the Brown people.
The basic ideas and teachings of Southern Theravada Buddhism include the four outlaws, the five skandhas, the twelve karmic factors, the three Dharma seals, reincarnation, and karma. Its classics are collectively known as the Tripitaka:
One, the Sutra Collection, in Dai language, "Su Dot Dabi Taiga";
Two, the Law Collection, in Dai language, "Wi Nai Pressing Dabi Taiga";
Three, the Treatise Collection, in Dai language, "Apitamma Bibi Taiga".
Three, "Discourse Collection", Dai language "Apitamabi Taiga". There are also many other extra-Tibetan texts. Southern Theravada Buddhism requires monks and followers to strictly observe the Ten Precepts:
No killing, no stealing, no lewdness, no lying (not remembering former grudges), no alcoholism, no eating after noon, no watching or listening to songs and dances, no flowers or perfume,
no sitting on high places, and no accumulating gold, silver, or treasures.
Buddhist architecture in Xishuangbanna is mainly Buddhist temples, Busa Hall (precepts), pagodas three major buildings, especially Buddhist temples and pagodas throughout
Bu Dai, Brown villages and villages, many of which are famous for domestic and international boutique, becoming a major landscape in Xishuangbanna.
Southern Theravada Buddhist Buddhist activities and Buddhist festivals are numerous, mainly the following nine:
1, Dai June Bathing Buddha Festival, is the Dai New Year, outsiders call "Water Festival".
2. "Hauwasa" (September 15 on the Dai calendar) and "Wolwasa" (December 15 on the Dai calendar),
that is, "Closed Door Festival" and "Open Door Festival". "Open Door Festival". The entire 3 months is a period of purification and fasting.
3, fine, that is, giving. Is the faithful to the temple monks donation activities. Festivals are numerous, fine at least 7 times in a year.
4, "milligan", that is, taboo days, time in the Dai calendar in February.
5. "Podpa", that is, the ascension of monks.
6, "Trace Pawwa", that is, the sacrifice of Buddha Mountain.
7, "Songsangka", the time of the Dai calendar May 15, for the Bichun assembly day.
8, "broadcast Dong", that is, the erection of the flagpole.
9, "machine light Luo", that is, burning white wood pile, congratulating Pa Zhao
ascension. Dai, Brown every man to the age of seven or eight years old or so, have to go to the Buddhist temple as a monk for a period of time, in order to have the right and obligation to marry,
family, otherwise, be looked down upon. When the length of time as a monk varies, some are lifelong monks.
Origin of Buddhism in Tibet
Buddhism originated in Ancient India (Tianzhu), and is said to have been founded in the sixth century B.C. by Siddhartha Chodamo, the eldest son of King Jodi of the northern Tianzhu kingdom of Kaviravai (in present-day Nepal), with a history of more than two and a half millennia. Siddhartha is said to have been born in 565 B.C. and died in 485 A.D. He lived to be about eighty years old, roughly the same time as Confucius in China. Because he was a member of the Sakya tribe, his disciples later honored him as Siddhartha Gautama, meaning the Sage of Sakya.
The teachings of Buddhism are a rather large and elaborate system of idealism, which later became even more heterogeneous as it spread and developed into many different schools.
The Four Noble Truths is one of the fundamental doctrines of Buddhism. It is said to be the content of Shakyamuni's original sermon. The Four Noble Truths are the Noble Truth of Suffering, the Noble Truth of Setting, the Noble Truth of Destruction, and the Noble Truth of the Way. "Noble Truth" means truth, and the Four Noble Truths are the "Four Great Truths" of Buddhism. The so-called "Suffering Noble Truth" means that everything in this world is bitter, and that in one's life one encounters birth, old age, sickness, and death....... sixteen sufferings (or eight sufferings) without the slightest bit of joy, leading people to loathe the world of man. The so-called "Set Meaning" refers to the causes of life and suffering in this world ("Set" means "cause"). One is called "karma" (doing things), which is the main cause of suffering, and the other is "confusion" (worry), which is the contributing cause of suffering. Karma and confusion give rise to countless bitter fruits. If karma and confusion are eliminated, the bitter fruits will naturally be eliminated, and the state of "silence and bliss" can be attained, which is called "the meaning of extinction". In order to reach this ideal state, one must cultivate the path, which is called the "path of truth". The "Way" referred to in Buddhism is the Way of Nirvana. The so-called "Nirvana" translates as annihilation, extinction, silence, perfect silence, non-life, inaction, peace, liberation, etc., which is actually an alias for death (there are as many as 60 or 70 such aliases). Buddhist practice, with Nirvana as the ultimate goal, is actually leading people to seek death. Among the Four Noble Truths, the Noble Truths of Suffering and Extinction are particularly important. Life is the most bitter and Nirvana is the most joyful, and this is the basic idea of Buddhism. It is the most fragile and cowardly thought. It does not dare to touch the problems of real life at all, and paralyzes the people's will to struggle with only the sermon of negative misanthropy and the pursuit of death. By taking birth, old age, sickness and death, etc. as the greatest sufferings in life, and believing that it is impossible for anyone to escape from these sufferings, and that this is true for the poor as well as for the rich, the Suffering Principle has cleverly covered up the class conflicts and obliterated the fact that class exploitation and class oppression are the root causes of the sufferings of the oppressed people. This kind of sermon is certainly beneficial to the exploiting class. It is true that the exploiting class also encounters problems such as old age, sickness and death, but they consider such problems from the greedy nature of the exploiting class, i.e., how to live a long life, how to retain a position of honor and wealth in the next life and so on. And this kind of preaching not only caters to the greedy nature of the exploiting class, but also suggests solutions to their problems. As long as the exploiting class, while indulging in their pleasures, part of their possessions to give to the temples, they can receive great blessings. "If you give to a Buddhist pagoda or temple, you will be rewarded a thousandfold; if you give to a salmon, you will be rewarded a hundredfold." This is exactly how Buddhism sells tickets to the kingdom of heaven cheaply to the exploiting class.
Buddhism, in further analyzing suffering and the causes of suffering, puts forward the theory of "twelve causes". It is believed that the existence of various phenomena in the world is dependent on certain conditions, without which there can be no existence. The origin and process of human life are also dependent on conditions, which are the twelve causes. Ignorance ("ignorance") gives rise to volition ("action"), which gives rise to the spiritual unity of "knowledge," which gives rise to the spiritual and physical bodies ("name and color"). "Name and color"), with the name and color, the formation of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, mind (heart) and other sense organs of the "six places", the six places caused by contact with the outside world ("touch"), from touch The six places cause contact with the outside world ("touch"), from touch comes feeling ("receptivity"), from receptivity comes craving ("love"), from love comes the pursuit of things in the outside world ("taking"), and from taking comes the environment in which to live ("having"). From love comes the desire for external things ("taking"), from taking comes the environment in which to live ("having"), from having comes "birth", and from birth comes "old age and death". In the final analysis, the suffering of life is caused by ignorance, and only by eliminating ignorance can one achieve liberation. Buddhist classics also explain the twelve karmic sayings as the "three lives of karma". That is to say: ignorance and action are the past causes and present fruits; knowledge, name, color, six places, touch, and feeling are the present fruits; love, taking, and having are the present causes and future fruits; and birth, old age, and death are the future fruits. It is declared that people's status and various encounters in society are the result of their "good karma" or "bad karma" in their past lives, which are predestined and cannot be changed. This provides the basis for the exploiting class to exploit the working people cruelly and enjoy themselves shamelessly, and explains the suffering of the working people due to the exploitative system as something reasonable and rational. This kind of sermon plays a reactionary role in covering up the evils of the exploiting class and keeping the working people submissive and obedient. Based on the principle of "karma", Buddhism also puts forward the doctrine of "reincarnation". The original meaning of "reincarnation" is "flow". Buddhism follows the example of Brahmanism and promotes it, claiming that all living things will be born and die forever in the so-called "six paths", just like a wheel spinning endlessly. According to the Buddhist classics, the six paths are: heaven, human beings, asuras (a kind of ghosts, monsters, and evil gods), hell, hungry ghosts, and animals. If a person has done good deeds (such as believing in Buddha), he or she can ascend to the heavenly realm after death. If a person does bad things (meaning not believing in the Buddha, being uneasy about one's destiny, offending others, etc.) he will become an animal, a hungry ghost, or fall into hell after death. This kind of preaching, in fact, became a means used by the reactionary ruling class to intimidate the masses of the working people and subject them to spiritual slavery.
After Shakyamuni's death, Buddhism split into two groups: one called the "Theravada Sect," which consisted mainly of elders, and the other called the "Volksbhavana Sect," which consisted of a large number of monks, and which was formed into "Mahayana Buddhism" by a number of subsections of the Volksbhavana Sect in the first century BC. Around the first century B.C., a number of branches of the Volksbhavan sect formed "Mahayana Buddhism" and called the non-Mahayana sects "Hinayana". The Mahayana claimed that their sect was "universal" and said that the Hinayana only cared about their own cultivation and attainment of the Way, and when they had attained the Way, they became "Lohan" and did not care about other people, so it was very undesirable. They call the Lohan "self-realized man" with a hint of contempt. Mahayana, under the signboard of universalizing all sentient beings, declares that it would rather go to hell to ferry people than to liberate itself first. This is a great way to gain people's sympathy and respect, so Mahayana is more deceptive than Hinayana.
There are different schools of Mahayana Buddhism, the "Empty Sect" and the "Aristocratic Sect. The Emptiness Sect (also known as the "Middle Way Sect") was founded in the third century A.D. by Long Shu and Tibbutsu. The Emptiness Sect was opposed by other Buddhists because of its teaching that "everything is empty", which was suspected of leading to the denial of the Buddha himself. It was only later that Sekyong and Wuji founded the Arigatou Sect. The Arigatou Sect, also known as the Yoga Sect, was a response to the Emptiness Sect, which argued that not everything was empty, but that Buddha was still real and existent, just as the Emptiness Sect did. The Yoga Sect preaches the doctrine of "all things are knowledge" and believes that all objective things are manifestations of the Buddha nature, and ultimately they all come back to the Buddha nature, advocating the subjective consciousness theory of idealism.
Legend has it that Long Shu, the founder of Mahayana Buddhism, not only founded the Mahayana Emptiness Sect, but also combined certain teachings of Buddhism with certain teachings and rituals of Brahmanism to create Tantric Buddhism (or Tantra). Later, sects other than Tantric Buddhism were referred to as "Hinzon" (or "Hinayana"). The so-called Tantric sects advocate, on the one hand, secret teachings, transmitted directly from one person to another in a mysterious manner, and on the other hand, the practice of sorcery and tedious religious ceremonies to confuse the world and deceive the masses. Tantric Buddhism is a more obscene sewage than other sects. After the emergence of Tantra in Buddhism, it went into extinction.
Buddhism was made the state religion of India during the period of the Peacock Dynasty (about 324-185 BC). At that time, India's maritime transportation was developed, foreign relations were active, and the state even initiated Buddhist missionaries to go abroad to expand political influence, and Buddhism was gradually spread to other Asian countries. From India to Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and other countries in the south, and the Pamir Plateau in the north, it was introduced to China after BC, and then to Korea, Japan, Vietnam and other countries. The southern mission was dominated by Hinayana Buddhism, and the northern mission was dominated by Mahayana Buddhism, after which Buddhism developed step by step into a world religion. After Buddhism was introduced to various countries and regions, it was combined with local ideologies and religions to form different schools, which appeared to be quite active in some countries and regions. In India, however, Buddhism gradually melted into Hinduism after the Middle Ages and declined in the thirteenth century.
Buddhism in Tibet was introduced in the seventh century A.D. from the interior of China, India and Nepal at the same time. What was introduced from the interior of China was mainly Mahayana Buddhism, and what was introduced from India and Nepal was mainly Tantric Buddhism. After Buddhism was introduced into Tibet, it was once forbidden by the Benjaminists, and Buddhism and Benjaminism had a long struggle, but later finally overcame Benjaminism, and at the same time, it also integrated some of Benjaminism's doctrines, deities and rituals, and formed its own strong local characteristics. This Tibetan Buddhism with local characteristics was later commonly known as "Lamaism" by outsiders.
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