Ancient Poetry in Primary School Language Lecture Notes

On the elementary school language ancient poetry lecture notes

Abstract: Through the characteristics of the ancient poetry and the learning significance of the description, reflecting the importance of the teaching of ancient poetry in elementary school, and the ancient poetry teaching methods to carry out some of the corresponding discussion. Hopefully, it can play a certain role for teachers, especially for elementary school teachers.

Keywords: Ancient Poetry Teaching in Primary Schools

Ancient poetry is a bright pearl in the treasure trove of the Chinese nation's art, and it is loved by the people for its condensed and implicit language and profound meaning. It vividly depicts a brightly colored, static and dynamic picture in a very concise and graphic language, creating a beautiful mood and expressing a deep emotion, which has been popular for thousands of years. As a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, its value lies not only in giving people artistic cultivation, but also enlightening people's minds and cultivating people's temperament.

I. Characteristics and Significance of Ancient Poetry

(a) Characteristics of Ancient Poetry

Ancient poems are generally divided into two main categories: narrative poems and lyric poems. Narrative poems to describe specific events, characters, such as "silkworm woman", "children fishing", etc.; lyric poetry is to express the feelings of the author, it can be divided into two categories of scenery and writing, but many ancient poems both scenery and writing, such as "plum blossom", "mountain", etc., the ancient poems of the simple words and meaning of the rich, with the characteristics of condensed and jumping, with a limited number of verses to express as much as possible the meaning of the greatest feature can be used to Its most important feature can be summarized in one word: beauty: beauty of meaning, beauty of language, beauty of sound, and beauty of form.

The beauty of meaning is the beauty of the artistic realm formed by the integration of the picture of life depicted in the story and the author's thoughts and feelings, just as people often say: "There is a picture in the poem, and there is a feeling in the picture." The author selects the most characteristic specific things, or the most meaningful scenes, or the most typical feelings to express their feelings, in order to inspire the reader to develop a rich imagination, to understand the mood and emotion, and from which to be inculcated.

The beauty of language refers to the language of ancient poetry is condensed, vivid image, often using hyperbole, metaphor, symbolism and other techniques to reproduce the beauty of nature, the beauty of society and the beauty of art. For example, "The river flows three thousand feet straight down, and the Milky Way is suspected of falling into the nine heavens." "The desire to see a thousand miles, a higher floor." "A wildfire cannot be eliminated, the spring breeze blows again." These verses are beautiful to read.

The beauty of music, ancient poems pay attention to rhyme and rhythm. Rhyme harmony, rhythm, so read catchy, sound pleasant to the ear, resulting in musical beauty.

The beauty of form refers to the beauty of form and image. For example, Du Fu's "absolute sentence": "Two yellow orioles sounding green willow, a line of egrets on the blue sky. The window contains a thousand snowy autumns in the West Ridge, and the door is moored to a ten-thousand-mile ship in the East Wu." This ancient poem, with its neat counterpoint, shows the beauty of image.

(2) the significance of learning ancient poetry

First of all, the ancient poem has a concise, lyrical, short and rich features, learning to fully understand the poem in the context of the poem, the meaning of the poem beyond the words, it is necessary to * their own to add and comprehend, which plays a role in the students' imagination. At the same time for elementary school students, they have a rich imagination, can use the ancient poem as a starting point, to associate, supplement and create, in order to set up the imaginary picture. As the old saying goes: not to write a word, all the wind flow. This is the truth. This leads to the second role of creative thinking training. This is a useful opportunity for the development of creative thinking.

The teaching of ancient poetry gives us a space to utilize our imagination to develop creative thinking and artistic recreation. Students in the reading of ancient poetry, the poem depicts a variety of images most have seen, and then use the imagination according to the poem to the brain of the memory of a variety of imagery for the reconstruction of the combination, so that the brain to create a new picture. In this way, they not only have a deeper understanding of the meaning of the poem, but also give full play to their leading role and develop their creative thinking ability. This is an important role in improving students' reading ability and composition ability, and then improve students' language ability and promote the development of intelligence.

Third, the ancient poetry of the beauty of the color, the beauty of the picture, the beauty of the mood and the art of the wonderful brush into one, has a special aesthetic function, the students from which is the cultivation of beauty. "Poetry has a picture", "poetry has feelings", "poetry has reason", both shining with beauty . Glossy, but also gives a person a profound enlightenment; not only to seize the "also painting, also love, also reason" features, but also to trigger the students' ideology and sentiment by the beauty of the cultivation and sublimation. Therefore, the process of teaching ancient poetry in elementary school is actually the process of appreciating beauty. For primary school students, they have not formed a complete aesthetic system, for good and bad, beautiful and ugly, good and evil often rely on the external appearance to make a conclusion, but can not analyze the inner beauty and value. Through the teaching of ancient poems can make up for this, because ancient poems often reflect an internalized, implicit emotions, poets put their own aspirations and feelings contained in the poems, as the so-called "Poetry to Road". Teachers can expand students' aesthetic horizons by evaluating ancient poems, allowing students to gain a higher level of aesthetic experience and come up with correct aesthetic standards.

In addition, the teaching of ancient poetry can draw on the beneficial essence of ancient poetry, and promote the traditional culture of the nation. Ancient poetry not only reflects the poet's deep understanding of social things, human philosophy, but also the crystallization of the thinking of the working people over the centuries. It can make students cherish the new life, inspire students' patriotic passion and homesickness, and at the same time, it can teach students to explain things and understand reasoning, the way of the world, and improve students' ideological and moral qualities in a subtle way. Moreover, it can also cultivate students' interest in music, architecture, painting and other aspects, and promote the overall development of students.

Therefore, summarizing the above, we can conclude that the study of ancient poems has a positive significance both to the cultivation of students' language ability and to the cultivation of other aspects. This requires our teachers to use the correct method of instruction in the teaching of ancient poetry, so that students can fully understand the meaning of ancient poetry.

Second, the teaching methods of ancient poems in elementary school language

Therefore, according to the basic characteristics of ancient poems, I think the teaching of ancient poems can be taught as follows:

1, the use of contextual teaching method, guiding the students to feel the beauty of the mood. In the teaching of ancient poetry, the teacher should be through a variety of ways, a number of channels to create a situation, leading students into the "situation". There are many specific methods: one is to introduce the author and the background, introduce the author lives in a particular era, a particular environment, to grasp the author's special mood when the poem to read the poem to imagine. The second is to contact with real life, the real life of students familiar with the things introduced into the ancient poetry, close the distance, build a bridge into the country. Thirdly, the use of visualization. In the ancient poetry teaching often due to the limitations of the conditions, can not be viewed in kind, you can show slides, pictures and recordings and other aids, so that students have a sense of immersion. Fourth, rich imagination, teaching and guiding students to imagine the plot, scene in the poem. For example, the poem "River Snow" inspires students' thoughts and associations: "The snow is flying all over the sky, the north wind is whistling, and the scene is white between heaven and earth." So as to better understand the content and mood of the poem.

2, the guidance of ancient poetry learning method, read the poem, let the students taste the beauty of language. Taste the language, first read the statement. The language of ancient poetry has its own characteristics, such as the condensation of phrases, meaning jump, omission of components, word order inversion, etc. These are obstacles for students to learn ancient poetry. According to the characteristics of elementary school students, we help them to unravel their understanding, and teach them the method of learning ancient poems - the method of word division and sequencing: firstly, word division and interpretation, word by word and sentence by sentence, to understand the literal meaning of the poem and its meaning in the poem; secondly, to translate the sequences according to the norms of modern Chinese language. The method of learning ancient poetry is specifically summarized in seven words: expand, stay, fill, change, adjust, chew, and connect.

Expansion: the condensed words should be "expanded", expanding monophonic words into diphthongs to make the meaning obvious and concrete.

Stay: words that are common in ancient and modern times should be retained.

Complement: the omitted components of the verse should be added to make it smooth.

Replacement: words with different usages in ancient and modern times should be replaced.

Adjust: the order of words should be adjusted if they are reversed.

Chewing: The key, evocative and philosophical words and phrases in the poem are guided to be chewed and savored by the students.

Linking: the words explained in each sentence are linked together to translate.

Therefore, in teaching, teachers should guide the learning method of ancient poems, and there is a guide in the lecture, a practice in the guide, to inspire students to realize the method and use. In addition, in the future teaching of ancient poetry, teachers should also pay attention to the point of guidance, students use to consolidate the learning method.

3, guided by the feelings of reading aloud, let the students experience the beauty of music. The reading of the poem can reproduce the mood of the poem, deepen the understanding of the meaning and feelings of the poem. Therefore, on the basis of the students' understanding of the content of the poem, we attach importance to reading aloud and emphasize recitation. Guiding reading aloud is to let students master the methods and skills of reading aloud with emotion. Firstly, they are guided to determine the emotional tone, and then they are guided to deal with the stress and rhythm. For example, Du Fu's "Hearing the Officials Collect Henan and Hebei" is a lyrical poem. The whole poem is full of joy and excitement. The rhythm of the first line and the seventh and eighth lines should be rapid, and the fifth and sixth lines should be soothing; "Suddenly," "I want to go crazy with joy," "that is to say," and "then down "Read the accents. This read aloud rhythmic and staccato, the students' feelings naturally and the author's feelings produce **** Ming.

First, before teaching to understand the intention of the organization of the material. Some texts have two poems, to understand the reason for their compilation together; the role of this ancient poetry text in this unit, and the connection between the ancient poetry text before and after. Secondly, it can be appropriate to supplement the extracurricular ancient poems for students to learn. Third, appropriate arrangements for rewriting training, rewrite the narrative poem into a short story, rewrite the landscape poem into prose. In this way, reading and writing can be combined in one go. Four can let the students according to their own understanding, unfolding the imagination to draw, really go to the realm as if they were there, such as to see their people, such as to hear their voices.

According to the above teaching points of ancient poetry, we can let students learn ancient poetry from passive to active exploration, self-learning ability greatly enhanced, learning interest is more intense, at the same time, the ancient poetry learning as a kind of fun and enjoyment, so that the teaching of ancient poetry to play its unique charm.

Three, elementary school poetry teaching a few misunderstandings

In the elementary school language poetry teaching process, the teacher's starting point may be very good, but also pay attention to the method, can not be in a hurry, resulting in the following several misunderstandings:

1, pouring downpour of questions and answers: some teachers are in a hurry to introduce the author of the biography and the introduction of the living environment; both political and ideological. Introducing the living environment; both political thinking, but also said that the characteristics of writing and the main achievements, often make students do not know where to start learning, in a state of confusion, after all, the cognitive level of students is limited, we have to teach according to the actual situation.

2, the letter of the tongue type of question and answer: ancient poetry has a distinctive artistic image and far-reaching artistic context, the need to repeatedly recite, a profound experience. However, some teachers abuse the question and answer method in teaching ancient poems, which destroys the integrity of the ancient poems and makes students unable to understand the meaning of the poem.

3, filler, injected crosstalk: crosstalk is an important method of teaching ancient poetry, but pay attention to inspire students to study before class, in the process of crosstalk must guide students to think not filler, injected.

4, literary appreciation analysis: elementary school poetry does not exclude the analysis, but pay attention to the depth, pay attention to a "degree", can not grasp the degree of eloquence, but not to achieve the desired effect, but counterproductive. Because the elementary school can not understand so profound, can not understand, after all, their knowledge level is limited.

5, gulp translation: the translation of ancient poems can help students better understand the poem, but the teacher should be faithful and fluent translation, try to maintain the original meaning and structure of the poem, so that it can be appropriate.

6. New and innovative performances: Although certain performances can help students learn the poems better, they should not overdo the form and pursuit of novelty and make the poems unorthodox, which is hilarious on the surface and destroys the original meaning of the poems, and wastes the students' and teachers' energy and enthusiasm.

Therefore, it is clear that as a teacher, especially an elementary school teacher, even though primary school students are in the peak of their knowledge at this stage, we should not just fill the students with knowledge, thinking that the more the better. On the contrary, we should be based on the actual situation, according to the characteristics of their own students to teach ancient poetry, develop a corresponding teaching plan, so that we can double the effort.

References:

(1) Huang Guanming, "Teaching Primary School Students to Rewrite Ancient Poetry as a Narrative Attempt," Educational Review, Issue 2, 20xx, p. 68-69

(3) Yu Xiulan and Shen Yiliang, "Teaching Ancient Poetry in the Six Characters. "Jiangxi Education" 1997, No. 11 p.33

(4) Yu Xu Xiu "Ancient Poetry Teaching Ruminations" Jiangxi Education 1997, No. 11 p.34

(5) Caring Lin "Ancient Poetry Teaching "Six Steps"" Jiangxi Education (6) Xia Wucheng, "Developing a Broad Path for Teaching Ancient Poetry Appreciation," Jiangxi Education, Vol. 6, No. 6, 20xx, p. 35-36

(7) Hong Houhuo, "The Use of Expansion and Complementary Methods in the Teaching of Ancient Poetry," Jiangxi Education, Vol. 6, No. 6, 20xx, p. 37

(8) Xiang Xiaohong, "The Teaching of Ancient Poetry and Aesthetic (8) Xiang Xiaohong, "Teaching Ancient Poetry and Aesthetic Education" (Hunan Education, 1997, No.5, p.26-28)

(9) Dai Qiling, "Entering the Country, Understanding the Reason and Understanding the Spirit - Teaching Ancient Poetry with the Help of Imagination" (Jiangxi Education, 1997, No.11, p.32-33)

(10) Cao Yunfang, "Reciting and Entering the Country, Relocating Representations, and Activating Associations - Three Issues of Aesthetic Teaching of Ancient Poetry" Henan Education, 1995, No. 1, p17-18

(11) Zhang Di "Talking about Poetry Teaching in Primary School Language" Ningxia Education, No. 7-8, p37-38

(12) Yu Zhijun "How to Determine the Penetration Points of Ideological Education of Ancient Poetry" Jiangxi Education, 1995, No. 11, p34

(13) Liu Yiyi "How to Determine the Penetration Points of Thoughtful Education of Ancient Poetry" Jiangxi Education, No. 11, p34

< p> (13) Liu Yixiang "Primary School Ancient Poetry Teaching a lesson" Education Review 20xx, No. 5 p81

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