Did China have pigments in the Song Dynasty?

Yes, the author of the picture below is Evonne, a professional emperor, also known as Song Huizong.

As early as the Qin Mausoleum Terracotta Warriors and Horses had been painted with pigments, and the murals of Han tombs also had a lot of color applications.

On the contrary, ink painting prevailed in the early Song Dynasty, and the use of pigments gradually decreased, but only the most basic ink painting was black and white.

The following is taken from Baidu Encyclopedia-Chinese Painting.

Traditional Chinese painting pigments can be divided into mineral pigments, plant pigments, metal pigments, animal pigments and artificial pigments according to their color-making raw materials.

Mineral pigments are blended from ores, which are thick in color and strong in coverage. Commonly used are:

(1) Stone Green: It is usually in powder form, and it must be mixed with glue when used. Azurite can be divided into Touqing, Erqing, Sanqing and Siqing. According to its fineness. Touqing is the thickest and greenest, and gradually becomes thinner and lighter.

(2) azurite: Its performance and use are almost the same as azurite. Azurite is divided into cyan, cyan, cyan and cyan. Cephalosporin is coarse, and it is not easy to dye evenly. It needs to be dyed several times.

(3) Zhu Jing: Zhu Jing is also called Chen Jing. Cinnabar is best in bright colors, and some are made into ink. Zhu Jing should not use azurite and azurite.

(4) Zhu system: (Zhu Biao) Zhu is finely ground, mixed with glue, and floats in the orange.

(5) Ochre: also known as vermilion, produced from hematite and light brown. At present, most of ochre has been refined into water-soluble colloidal blocks, which are not covered.

(6) White powder: it can be divided into lead powder, clam powder and chalk. Clam powder is made by processing and grinding mussel shells in the sea. After a long time, it is easy to "lead back" and turn black, and it can turn white after being gently washed with hydrogen peroxide. As for chalk (white clay powder), it is commonly used in ancient murals and does not change color for a long time.

Commonly used plant pigments are:

(7) Cyanine: blue lagoon is made of Polygonum hydropiper leaves or blue, and then blue pigment is extracted, which has a wide range of uses, and Garcinia can be turned into grass green or tender green.

(8) Garcinia Garcinia: Brawly in the southern tropical forest, a hole is drilled from its bark, and a gelatinous yellow liquid flows out, which is accepted with a bamboo tube and can be used after drying. Garcinia cambogia is poisonous and cannot be imported.

(9) Rouge (grease): a deep red pigment made from three plants: red and blue flowers, madder and purple stems. However, when rouge is used in painting, it has faded over time, and now it is mostly replaced by magenta.