"Talk about the elegant culture and popular culture in China."

Generally speaking, elegant culture is a literati culture, including poems and songs; And popular culture is folk culture, including folk slang.

"elegance" and "vulgarity" are relative. In fact, there is no absolute distinction between elegance and vulgarity in the entertainment circle. Those elegant entertainment items, such as piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, are often vulgarized by arty laymen, while those so-called "vulgar" entertainment items are often endowed with infinite elegance by elegant literati.

Qin is one of the oldest musical instruments in China.

Getting together, chanting and singing to each other is an elegant spiritual enjoyment different from ordinary people's vulgar entertainment.

Scholars live alone and are tired of reading and writing poems. They can adjust their physical and mental fatigue by playing the piano.

Therefore, Qin is a symbol of noble status, knowledge, temperament and taste.

chess

Chess refers to Go, which was called "Chess" in ancient times. Celebrities in the past dynasties enjoyed chess tirelessly, and many literati wrote mysterious and interesting chess scenes.

Du Fu wrote the most poems about chess, including the famous sentence "It's half cloudy and half rainy in the Wuxia of the Chu River, watching chess with clear curtains", which combined mountains, water and chess into one painting. The poem "The old lady draws paper as chess and the child knocks the needle as a hook" describes the infinite fun of family life in which he and his wife draw paper as a chessboard, play chess for entertainment, let the children bend the needle as a hook and go fishing by the pool.

Bai Juyi often takes poetry, wine, piano and chess as his four friends. "Drink a few cups when you are happy and play chess when you are bored."

I'm afraid most people don't know the endless fun of Go.

Calligraphy —— A Wonderful Flower in China Traditional Culture

Book refers to calligraphy, including seal script, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script and so on. There are many people who specialize in calligraphy in the past dynasties, such as Wang Xizhi, who is famous for his outstanding family background. But more generally, many literati often amuse themselves with calligraphy and cultivate their temperament. Some of them collect famous works, watch and play, stare at the rhythm and rhythm reflected between the lines, touch the author's emotional pulse and send out *

draw

Chinese painting is divided into figures, landscapes, flowers and birds and so on. Chinese painting emphasizes imagination and seeks for God. Whether splashing ink or tasting, you need a personal aesthetic character with charm, implication, symbol and artistic conception, which is the elegance of painting and the fundamental reason why poetry, calligraphy and painting are often integrated.

In the history of China, there have been many all-rounders in poetry, writing, calligraphy and painting. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei was not only a great poet, but also a calligrapher and painter. Su Shi commented on this: "There are pictures in poetry, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " He believes that poetry, books and paintings are the natural outpouring of literati's mind. "Poetry is inexhaustible, overflowing with books and paintings." .

For scholars, there are several famous paintings at home, which can appreciate the beauty of nature, understand the philosophy of the world, be pure in mind and gain both fame and fortune. However, when scholars make friends and give each other ink paintings, they feel clean as water, elegant and elegant, which is completely different from sound and emotion.

Due to the profoundness of traditional culture and differences in personal tastes, elegant culture also includes singing and dancing, flower cultivation, tea tasting and collection. Generally speaking, elegant culture takes entertainment and edification as its main functions, and bears the mark of elegance in both content and form.

Lower Liba people play "vulgarity"

In addition to the elegant world, there is also a vulgar and vivid civic culture, which grows in the bustling commercial market and crowded tile houses. This is the "vulgar" culture. Popular culture is mainly reflected in people's preference for wine, playing with birds and insects, gambling and entertainment. After work, they use it to adjust their lives and find entertainment.

Drink wine/alcohol

Drink. It used to be an entertainment that appeals to both refined and popular tastes, but later it became more popular. There are two forms of drinking: drinking together and drinking alone. The fun of drinking together is that several people with similar personalities and feelings get together, and one person has a lot of worries. The pot of wine helps each other and everyone shares their worries. One person is happy, and everyone is happy. The most lively thing about drinking at a party is to celebrate the holidays, have a happy event and have a wedding banquet. In daily life, it is easy to drink several cups together and one person. You can drink slowly when you are alone, so that people's troubles and injustice in the world disappear into the wine.

play mahjong

Play mahjong. In ancient times, it was called game play, which later evolved into leaf play, horse card and solitaire, and developed into authentic mahjong in the late Qing Dynasty. Mahjong is very interesting, entertaining and educational, so it is deeply loved by people, with great popularity and influence. It has been one of the most popular forms of entertainment in China since ancient times. There is a book in the Qing Dynasty: "From doctors to rogue servants, there is nothing wrong with having beautiful rooms and boudoir." Day and night. "Even Yong Zhengdi, who has always been famous for his harsh laws, agrees that this is a pastime and a' fun way to play'. Appropriately adding some "color heads" can increase competitiveness and improve interest. But mahjong is a double-edged sword, which is easy to replace gambling with hemp, gambling addiction is great, and playing with things is frustrating.

In addition, traditional folk culture also includes acrobatics, magic, animal training, ventriloquism, cross talk, puppet show, competition, martial arts, swinging and so on. , in various forms. Folk culture takes recreation as its main function, and bears obvious "vulgar" marks in form and content. However, it is this "vulgarity" from the general public that makes it more dynamic than elegant culture.

abstract

Elegant culture represents the interests of the ruling class with literati as the main body, occupying only the upper culture of the ruling class, while popular culture represents the interests of the ruled class with peasants as the main body, belonging to the lower culture. Elegant culture, after careful consideration from generation to generation, has become increasingly refined and meticulous, and has evolved into two branches: on the one hand, it has evolved into a set of social systems and cumbersome customs and etiquette, on the other hand, it has become an art category of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. Because of being suppressed, popular culture has not been fully developed and has been influenced by the upper class.

In fact, mass culture is the deepest foundation of national culture, the most authentic "cultural text" and the great source of national culture. Without the secular life of ordinary people, human culture will lose its source of life.