I urgently need about 5,000 words of reading notes and thoughts about "local China".

Starting from the habits left by traditional China and the habits of modern China people, this paper expounds the reasons for the formation of this habit.

Text:

I have heard many people mention this book before, and I am full of praise. It is true to read at the beginning of summer vacation. Mr Fei Xiaotong explained the puzzling or habitual social phenomenon in China in a popular and profound way.

Bibliography "Native China" is actually concerned with what the traditional China has inherited, and what it has inherited into the people's bones. Whether these things are good or bad, and whether they are applicable in today's society, all have their forming reasons and inheritance conditions. Understanding the profound connotation of traditional China is of great significance to our understanding of today's China.

There are fourteen chapters in this book, and each chapter focuses on the customs inherited from traditional China and traditional China, and studies their generation and inheritance. In the first chapter "Locality", the author pointed out at the beginning that "from the perspective of grassroots, China society is local."

Perhaps most contemporary people don't want to admit it, but we are all China people who came out of the rural society and have a deep local brand. Therefore, to study China and China, we have to start from the grassroots. The word "rustic" is definitely despised by everyone now, but it aptly describes the essence of China society.

There is no doubt that people in China have been influenced by "native land" since they settled in ancient times and made a living by farming, because people in IN have deep feelings for the land under their feet. In addition, due to the relatively fixed and closed living conditions, a relatively stable neighborhood relationship has also been formed in rural society.

In ancient times, there was a gap between villages, but within a village, the neighborhood relationship was relatively close, and familiar neighbors helped each other, which formed the limitation of communication. In the case of mutual familiarity and trust, people don't need contracts, and contracts only exist in the relationship of alienation and distrust.

Therefore, rural society is simply a gemeinschaft, which is different from western legal society. Therefore, we always say that China society is man-made.

Similarly, as far as the environment is concerned, people who have lived in rural society for generations are always familiar with their environment, so their experiences and lessons have been passed down from generation to generation without much change. Therefore, what is important in rural society is customs and experience, not law.

In the second half of the article, the author also points out that in a closed society, the experience of predecessors is today's experience, and following tradition is the guarantee of life. Tradition is authoritative, awe-inspiring and surrendering to tradition. Therefore, the rural society is a society ruled by courtesy.

The word "going to the countryside" discussed in Chapter 23 directly points out that what we think of as rural people's "stupidity" is not that they lack intelligence, but that they can't read, because they don't need this symbol of civilization in their lives.

Due to the limitations of rural society mentioned in the first chapter, the experience they need in life can be passed down by oral teaching. Their "uncivilized" is also brought about by the characteristics of rural society, so we don't need to laugh at and criticize them. They can't read, just as we don't know all kinds of crops when we go to the countryside and don't know how to farm with them.

Another major feature of local China is that the relationship between people presents a pattern of difference order. The so-called differential order pattern is a self-centered network composed of individual connections. The pattern of difference order emphasizes dispersion, which is different from the organization emphasized in the pattern of western groups.

The western group model emphasizes that everyone in the organization is equal and enjoys the same rights and obligations, so the core of group morality is rights. In the structure of Oriental Group, morality is based on personal relationship, and morality and law must be expanded through personal relationship. As far as families are concerned, the same is true.

Western families have strict group boundaries, and fertility is a function, so husband and wife are the main axes in western families. Home in rural society is often called family. The family has the function of bearing children, as well as political, economic and religious functions. Family must be continuous, which is based on the needs of family business, not gender feelings. Simply put, it is to rule out cheating.

Western families have strict group boundaries, and fertility is a function, so husband and wife are the main axes in western families. Home in rural society is often called family. The family has the function of bearing children, but also has political, economic and religious functions. Family must be continuous, which is based on the needs of family business, not gender feelings. Simply put, it is to rule out cheating.

In his book, Mr. Fei Xiaotong pointed out that a major feature of stable social relations is apathy, which means that the power of stable social relations is understanding. Faust is a symbol of gender emotion, and the overflow of Faust spirit will make social relations unstable and make the cause that depends on social relations unable to operate smoothly.

Therefore, Faust spirit is the fundamental reason for destroying society. Rural society is isolated, and the understanding between people is not hindered by space and time. The only thing that can hinder people's understanding is gender. It is difficult for the opposite sex to reach an understanding, which has become the source and motivation of feelings. Therefore, the rural society is a different society for men and women, and it is also a stable society.

Blood relationship is also an important factor and prominent feature of rural social stability. Geography is the foundation of contract society, and the transformation from consanguinity to geography makes the rural society gradually enter the modern society.

The power of elders in rural society is stable, but in order to cope with the slow change of society, there has been a phenomenon of separation of name and reality. Finally, social changes make people's ultimate motivation change from desire to rational demand, and China society changes from traditional society to modern society.

First, in this book, which explains "national character" in depth, Mr. Fei Xiaotong did not criticize or ridicule it like other authors, but went deep into the rural society of China, and with his down-to-earth understanding and keen observation, he made a rational analysis while empathizing with others, and described an objective and true rural China for us.

I think Mr. Fei Xiaotong's objective and pragmatic attitude is more worth learning.

A book, which was originally considered as boring, was fascinating after reading for a few minutes. This book is full of implications, but it is easy for the author to explain it. There is no doubt that this book is of great significance to understanding China, and it is necessary to spread it to more people.

Extended data

Fei Xiaotong (19 10-2005)

A famous sociologist and anthropologist, he once served as director of Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, director of Peking University Institute of Sociological Anthropology, president of China Sociological Society, chairman of China Democratic League, vice chairman of China People's Political Consultative Conference, and vice chairman of NPC Standing Committee.

1980 won the Malinowski Honorary Award of the International Society of Applied Anthropology and became a member of the society. 198 1 was awarded the Huxley medal by the Royal Anthropology Society. 1988 won the Britannica Award in new york, USA. 1993 won the annual Asian Culture Award in Fukuoka, Japan.

His major works include jiang village economy, Farmland in Lucun, Native China, State and Society, Fifty Years of Sociology, Frontier Development and Social Adaptation, Travel and Re-travel, etc. His works have far-reaching influence.

Rural China is one of the representative works of the famous sociologist Mr Fei Xiaotong. It was written by the author according to the contents of the course "Rural Sociology" taught by the National Southwest Associated University and Yunnan University in the 1940s.

In the book, the author summarizes and analyzes the main features of China's traditional grass-roots society in popular and concise language, which fully shows the local social features and inner spiritual temperament.

The rural China mentioned in the book is not a concrete sketch of China society, but a unique system contained in China's concrete traditional grass-roots society, which dominates all aspects of social life. This book is a must-read for people in China and China.