In which historical period did literati painting generally rise?

Rise in the Song Dynasty. The literati class grew and Neo-Confucianism rose. Su Shi was the first to comprehensively expound the theory of literati painting, which played a decisive role in the formation of literati painting system.

The literati in Yuan Dynasty were in a rather humble situation, and they abandoned their official career and neglected their personnel. In the Song Dynasty, literati painting, which was mainly the amateur cultural life of official literati, began to be transferred to the hands of opposition literati, becoming a kind voyage for them to transcend their depressed lives and return to nature. The scenery in the painter's mind embodies the painter's ideal of being far away from the world, blends into the painter's indifferent free state of mind, and also permeates helpless depression and indifference. With the Yuan rulers absorbing the adherents of Song Dynasty to participate in the political power and cultural construction, Zhao Mengfu appeared in the artistic exchange between North and South, which influenced the painting atmosphere of the generation in transition.

If Su Shi is an active advocate of literati painting, then Zhao Mengfu is the leader of literati painting in Yuan Dynasty.