What are the types of ancient wine containers?

The ancient wine vessels in China are also full of implications, pursuing totem-like mystery and solemnity, and pursuing auspiciousness, and urgently demanding a status symbol. The development of wine vessels is consistent with the development of productivity level at that time, and changes with the changes of the times. The development of wine vessels can best reflect the changes of handicraft production level and materials. Its appearance and style are also branded in different historical periods. In ancient times, there were many kinds of wine containers, such as Zun, Xian, Gong, Lu, Hu, Yi, tea, urn and bottle. Generally speaking, Zun and Hu are more common. In the Shang Dynasty, due to the development of wine-making industry and the improvement of bronze ware making technology, China's wine vessels reached unprecedented prosperity. Therefore, the books of wine containers in Shang, Zhou and even Qin countries should be mainly bronzes. After that, bronze wine vessels gradually declined. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, lacquered wine vessels became popular in southern China. Lacquerware became the main type in Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. People in the Han Dynasty usually sit on the floor when drinking, and the wine vessels are also placed on the ground, so the wine vessels are shorter and fatter. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, sitting in bed became popular, and wine vessels became thinner and longer. Porcelain appeared around the Eastern Han Dynasty. Compared with pottery, the performance of porcelain is better than that of pottery, whether it is wine making, wine holding or drinking. In the Tang Dynasty, there appeared a table and a set of wine utensils suitable for dining table, such as a piece of paper, which was called "Pianti" in the Tang Dynasty. Its shape is similar to that of today's hip flask, with a chant and a handle, which can not only hold wine, but also inject wine into a glass, thus replacing the previous paddle and spoon. The Song Dynasty was the heyday of ceramic production, with many exquisite wine vessels. In Song Dynasty, people liked to drink yellow rice wine warm, so they invented the combination of note and bowl. When in use, the paper strip containing wine is put into the paper strip bowl, hot water is poured into the paper strip bowl and soaked in warm wine. Porcelain brewers have been used to this day. Blue-and-white porcelain wine vessels in Ming Dynasty are the most distinctive. The porcelain wine vessels with Qing characteristics in Qing Dynasty include enamel, plain tricolor, blue-and-white exquisite porcelain and various antique porcelain. Different materials and shapes express different meanings and the status of drinkers. For example, during the Warring States and Qin Dynasties, bronze wine vessels were mainly used by nobles, while ceramic wine vessels were widely used by civilians. Therefore, the quality of drinking utensils often becomes one of the symbols of the status of drinkers.