The Significance of Huizhou Architecture

Huizhou architecture is a genre name of Han architecture. In the process of the formation of ancient Huizhou architecture, influenced by the unique geographical environment and humanistic concept, it shows distinct regional characteristics, and is unique in many aspects such as modeling, function, decoration and structure. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, with the rise of Huizhou gentry and commercial groups, Huizhou-style gardens and residential buildings also went out of Huizhou and took root in major towns in Jiangnan and Jiangbei, such as Yangzhou, Jinling, Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Jinhua, Zhejiang and Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, all of which are relatively dense cities with Huizhou-style buildings all the year round. "Huizhou architecture" is a mature ancient architecture school in the late period of ancient China. Its technological characteristics and modeling style are mainly reflected in residential buildings, temples, archways and gardens. As designers and implementers, the "Huizhou Gang" craftsmen in the south of the Yangtze River played an important role in the formation of this school. The most distinctive feature of "Huizhou architecture" is the traditional folk houses of the Han nationality, which embodies the mountain features, feng shui will and regional aesthetic tendency of Huizhou. The structure of Huizhou folk houses is mostly in the form of multiple courtyards (the small ones are mostly in the form of three courtyards). Generally, they sit facing south, facing the mountain and facing the water, emphasizing the value of geomantic omen. The layout is symmetrically divided by the central axis, with three rooms wide, a hall in the middle and rooms on both sides. The front of the hall is called the patio, with lighting and ventilation, and the courtyard is nested, creating a deep and self-sufficient family life space. The overall appearance of the residential building is very beautiful, with closed high walls, sloping horse heads, scattered wall lines, black tiles and white walls and elegant colors. In terms of decoration, the beauty of the "three sculptures" of Huizhou folk houses is amazing. The combination of blue brick door covers, stone carving windows, wood carving columns and buildings makes the buildings beautiful and poetic, which is a major feature of Huizhou folk houses. Ancestral temples and memorial archways in Huizhou are also quite heavy in Huizhou architecture: there are general temples and branch temples, which are generally large in scale and consist of mountain gates, music halls and sleeping halls. The beams are magnificent, and the "three sculptures" are wonderful and magnificent. The archway is mainly made of stones, including four-column five-story style, four-column soaring style, eight-column style and oral style. Its elegant shape is scattered in various towns and villages, and it is an important part of the cultural landscape of ancient Huizhou. "Huizhou architecture" is still full of vitality today, and new Huizhou architecture can often be seen in the north and south of the Yangtze River. Huizhou architecture, as a traditional architectural school of Han nationality, is elegant, simple and rich, and still maintains a unique artistic style.