Why did the Qin Dynasty unify the six countries?

After the chaos in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the ancient feudal society in China finally entered the era of a unified dynasty. The Qin Dynasty was established by Qin Shihuang and Ying Zheng.

Qin Dynasty was the first unified feudal dynasty in China history, and Qin Shihuang was also the first emperor in China history. The establishment of the Qin Dynasty was inseparable from Shang Yang's political reform and the six-nation war to destroy the Qin Dynasty launched by General Jincon.

The story about the establishment of the Qin Dynasty and the subsequent unification of the six countries is recorded in detail in Sima Qian 14' s masterpiece Taishigong Historical Records, which shows the magnificent historical changes of more than 3,000 years.

Why can Qin rule the country? Now we have a lot of scientific knowledge, but in the historical records, we repeatedly mentioned a real and terrible prediction, which said:

"At the beginning of the week, I left the state of Qin. Don't get back together for 500 years. At seventeen, I will be the overlord. "

In Historical Records, this prediction appeared four times, respectively in Zhou Benji, Qin Benji, Historical Records, Historical Records of Zen Books and Biography of Lao Fei. It is precisely because of revealing the mystery of Qin's unification of the six countries that Sima Qian mentioned this prophecy many times.

0 1

Escort the king of Zhou and seal the princes.

According to Records of the Historian, the ancestors of the Qin people were descendants of Zhuan Xu, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, and the surname of Qin Shihuang was given by Shun from the beginning. When he arrived, Zhao Fu was sealed in Zhao Cheng because of his contribution to quelling the rebellion, so "Zhao" is also a synonym for Qin.

In 905 BC, Qin Feizi led the Qin people to help the Zhou royal family to raise horses, and was sealed by Zhou in Qin, becoming Zhou's vassal state with its capital in Qin Yi. The establishment of Qin was closely related to the Zhou Dynasty. At this time, the relationship between the State of Qin and the Zhou Dynasty was exactly what Tai Shigong called "unity but difference".

At the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Youwang was so fond of him that he created "The Warlord of the Fire Play" and led the dog to Haojing, the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, which destroyed the Western Zhou Dynasty in one fell swoop.

After Zhou Pingwang ascended the throne, he began to move eastward. In the process of eastward movement, Qin Xianggong sent military forces to escort Wang Yicheng of his drought-striken fields. After making this contribution, it was officially named a vassal state, and Qin became a vassal state of the Zhou Dynasty.

02

Two weeks after the merger.

After Zhou Wangdong moved, there was no longer the original unified situation, and the major vassal States fought for hegemony and respected the emperor and ordered the princes. According to Historical Records, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huangong, Song Xianggong, Jin Wengong, Qin Mugong and Chu Zhuangwang were the hegemons respectively.

Among them, Qin Mugong dominated Xirong area, occupied the land before the Western Zhou Dynasty, and became a tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period. Later, in 256 BC and 249 BC, Qin destroyed the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and the Zhou Dynasty was completely submerged in the dust of history.

Qin's annexation of Zhou was similar to Zhou's annexation of vassal States. After 500 years, the two countries finally merged again, but this time Qin was dominant, which coincided with Tai Shigong's prediction of "not reuniting for 500 years".

03

The king of Qin ruled alone and unified the six countries.

The last sentence of the prophecy, "Be the overlord at seventeen", should be on Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. At this time in 256 BC, it happened to be 17 years before Ying Zheng, the king of Qin.

After Ying Zheng came to power, he wiped out Lv Buwei and others, continued to make great efforts to govern, appointed generals such as Wang Jian and Bai Qi, and started a vigorous six-nation unification war.

After 10 years' efforts, Ying Zheng finally achieved the great cause of reunification after destroying six countries including North Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi and some small countries. In 22 1 BC, he became emperor, and was called "Qin Shihuang" in history.

It is not difficult to find that the establishment of the State of Qin from the beginning to the annexation of the six countries for two weeks, and finally the unification of the six countries, all conform to this prediction recorded by Tai Shigong. Whether this prediction is true or not can't be verified now, but the so-called "long-term separation will be combined, long-term separation will be combined". After the chaos in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Qin's unification of the world is indeed the inevitable development of history.

04

The Historical Achievements of Qin State

Because the ruling class believes in legalism, the state of Qin has always ruled the people with severe punishments and laws. In addition, the tyrant image of Qin Shihuang is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and "burning books to bury Confucianism" has been criticized for thousands of years. Therefore, the historical position of the Qin Dynasty and its role in the ancient history of China were covered up by various criticisms.

However, when looking at history, we should not look at history with a biased eye. The rule of the Qin dynasty was really cruel. Whether it is the oppression of the people at the bottom or the arbitrary use of people's power by rulers in pursuit of personal enjoyment, it is an objective fact. Later, the Qin Dynasty was overthrown by the peasant uprising.

Qin Shihuang wholeheartedly pursued immortality, blindly believed in alchemy, and let those alchemists do whatever they wanted. Later, I found out that I was cheated, and then raped the alchemist on a large scale. Many ordinary Confucian scholars were also guilty. In order to better rule the people, he also ordered all the books of Confucius and Mencius to be burned and the people were not allowed to hide, which undoubtedly caused great damage to our traditional culture.

These are all problems of the Qin Dynasty, but the existence of these problems can't erase the achievements made by the Qin Dynasty for the establishment of China's unification. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it can be said that it is difficult for the people to survive by fighting every day. It was not until Qin Shihuang unified the six countries that the civil war was completely over, and after internal stability, the people could live a normal life and the society could continue to develop.

The centralization established by Qin Shihuang combined with Legalism laid the political structure of China for more than 2,000 years, which can be said to be the ruling foundation of the unified dynasty after China. The establishment of the county system has greatly strengthened the ruling power of the central government and effectively prevented local governors from becoming independent.

"Che Wen Tong" should be the core of a national culture, and the unified writing of Qin Shihuang laid the foundation of China culture. In the future, no matter which region or nationality people are bathed in Chinese civilization, they are all members of the Chinese nation. Therefore, there is no doubt that Qin Shihuang and Qin Dynasty made great contributions to the historical development of China.

05

Summary:

Qin Shihuang became the object of criticism for some reasons, and even his achievements were denied. Just as Confucius said, "Those who know me, those who blame me, only the Spring and Autumn Period", Qin Shihuang's merits and demerits should also be judged by history. Now everyone has fully realized their contribution to Chinese civilization, which is a historical progress.