What is the name of the traditional prick pointer?

Traditional acupuncture "bloodletting therapy"

Bloodletting therapy, also known as "acupuncture bloodletting therapy", is a method to treat diseases by puncturing or cutting specific acupoints and certain parts of the human body with a needle or knife and releasing a small amount of blood.

The emergence of this therapy can be traced back to the ancient stone age. At that time, people found in labor practice that bleeding on the affected area with a sharp stone-bian stone could treat some diseases. With the development of science, the pricking blood tool produced a metal needle, and later, according to the needs of medical practice, a "pre-needle" specially used for bloodletting treatment appeared. The earliest written records of this therapy can be found in Huangdi Neijing, such as "those who stab collaterals stab the blood vessels of small collaterals"; "Chen is removed and evil blood is also produced." It is clearly pointed out that pricking collaterals and bloodletting can treat madness, headache, sudden onset, dyspnea and epistaxis. It is said that Bian Que bled at Baihui point to cure Prince Guo's "corpse syncope", while Hua Tuo bled with acupuncture to cure Cao Cao's "head wind syndrome". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, this therapy has become a major principle of Chinese medicine. According to New Tang Book, Tang Gaozong's "dizziness and blindness" was cured by bloodletting on his head. By the Song Dynasty, this method had been incorporated into the rhyme of acupuncture "Jade Dragon Fu". In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Zhang's medical records about acupuncture in The Scholars were almost all about acupuncture and bloodletting to get the effect, and he thought that acupuncture and bloodletting was the fastest way to attack evil. From the Ming and Qing Dynasties, bloodletting was very popular and acupuncture developed rapidly. Triangular needle is divided into coarse needle and fine needle, which is more suitable for clinical application. Yang Jizhou's "Acupuncture Dacheng" recorded the medical records of acupuncture and bloodletting in detail. Ye used this therapy to cure throat diseases; Zhao Xuemin and Wu Shangxian collected many bloodletting therapies and compiled them into a series of exquisite versions and Li Long's parallel prose. In modern times, bloodletting therapy is still widely used, especially among the people. Its value is gradually recognized and accepted by people.

Needle selection

1. Triangular needle: made of stainless steel, with two kinds of thickness. The needle tip has three triangular faces, which is very sharp. The length of thick needle is 7 ~ 10 cm, and the diameter of needle handle is 2 mm Suitable for bleeding of limbs and trunk. The fine needle is 5 ~ 7 cm long, and the diameter of the needle handle is 1 mm, which is suitable for bloodletting on head, face, hands and feet.

2. Eyebrow knife: 7 ~ 10 cm in length and 1 cm in blade length, which is very sharp.

3. If you don't have the above tools for the time being, you can use sewing needles, injection needles, tiles and shaving blades instead.

operate

1. Boil the needle for disinfection first, and then routinely disinfect the operator's hands and the bleeding part of the patient.

2. There are two commonly used bloodletting methods in clinic: pricking collaterals and incision bloodletting.

(1) Collateral needling: This method is divided into three needling methods: point needling, pick needling and cluster needling. Puncture has a quick puncture (aim at the bleeding place, quickly puncture 1.5 ~ 3 mm, and then quickly withdraw, releasing a small amount of blood or mucus. This method is widely used, so it should be used in most parts), slow needling (slow needling vein 1 ~ 2 mm, slowly withdrawing, releasing a small amount of blood, suitable for bloodletting in popliteal fossa, elbow fossa and head and face); Collateral puncture means that after the needle is inserted into the skin or vein, the needle body immediately tilts, pierces the skin or vein, and releases blood or mucus, which is suitable for bleeding in the chest, back and ear vein. Cluster needling is tapping a certain part with cluster needles. The needling is numerous and shallow, depending on the degree of blood bead exudation. It is suitable for sprain and contusion, alopecia, dermatosis and so on. At the same time, it is often combined with cupping therapy.

(2) Scribing method: Knife such as small eyebrow knife is commonly used, and the knife holding method is suitable for simple operation, so that the knife body is roughly perpendicular to the scribing part, and then the knife is cut. It is suitable for post-ear oral intima and venous bleeding.

3. While stabbing or cutting blood with the right hand, the other hand is used for lifting, pinching, pushing, pressing and other auxiliary actions to cooperate with bloodletting.

Contraindications

1. Patients with thrombocytopenia, hemophilia and other bleeding-prone diseases, as well as patients with dizziness and hemangioma, are generally prohibited from using this therapy.

2. Anemia, low blood pressure, pregnancy, hunger, drunkenness and fatigue are not suitable for this therapy.

Matters needing attention

1. Explain to the patient first to eliminate unnecessary worries.

2. The bloodletting needle must be strictly disinfected to prevent infection.

3. It should be noted that the needle should not be too deep and the wound should not be too big to avoid damaging other tissues. When cutting blood vessels, it should be cut, but not cut.

4. Generally, the amount of bleeding is about 5 drops, and the number 1 or No.2 should be 1 time; If the blood loss is large, the blood loss shall not exceed 2 times in 1 week. 1 ~ 3 times is a course of treatment. If bleeding is not easy to stop, compression should be taken to stop bleeding.

5. If this therapy is only used for symptomatic first aid, after the remission, it should be thoroughly examined before treatment. Bleeding therapy must not be abused.

Notes/comments/remarks (by editors or authors)

Through thousands of years of medical practice, this therapy has been used by doctors in clinic, and its curative effect has also improved, especially for some acute and severe diseases, with the characteristics of timely rescue, quick effect and no side effects. According to the meridian theory and acupuncture principle, this therapy uses needles to puncture specific parts or acupoints to bleed blood, so as to achieve the purpose of dredging meridians, regulating qi and blood, and promoting evil spirits to go out. Clinically, this therapy has the effects of sedation, analgesia, purging heat, reducing swelling, first aid, detoxification and removing blood stasis.