How to say the key classical Chinese?

1. Translation of key classical Chinese sentences in junior middle school 1. There are hundreds of fish in the pond, all of which are empty and helpless.

There are about a hundred fish in the stone pond. They all seem to swim in the air without any support. 2, the sun shines, there is a shadow on the stone: the sun shines directly on the bottom of the water, and the shadow of the fish is reflected on the stone. It seems to be very satisfied with the tourists.

Come and go, light and agile, as if laughing with tourists. 4, looking southwest of the pool, fighting snakes, blinking.

Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown. Looking to the southwest of Shitan, the stream twists and turns, one is visible and the other is invisible.

The shape of the stone dike is staggered like a dog's tooth, and it is impossible to know the source of the stream. 5, surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely and unmanned, sad and cold, quiet and quiet.

Surrounded by bamboo and trees, there is no one else in the silence, which makes people feel sad, cold, silent and deep. 6. Huaimin didn't sleep and walked in the atrium: Huaimin didn't sleep either, so we walked in the yard together.

7. Under the court, if the water is empty, the algae in the water cross each other, and the bamboo and cypress are hidden. The moonlight under the courtyard filled the courtyard, as clear and transparent as water. Algae and shepherd's purse are intertwined in the water. It turned out to be the shadow of bamboo and cypress.

8. What night is there no moon? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? But few idle people are like me. What night is there no moonlight? There are no bamboos and cypresses anywhere, only a few people like us who don't care about fame and fortune and calmly linger in the scenery.

9. A horse who walks on Wan Li Road can eat one stone at a time: a horse who walks on Wan Li Road one day can sometimes eat one stone of grain at a meal. 10, the mountain is not high and the immortals are famous-the mountain is not high and the immortals are famous.

1 1. The moss marks on the upper steps are green, and the grass in the curtains is green-the moss marks grow on the steps and the grass is green, which is reflected in the curtains. 15 So, many people use books to kill their spare time, and I have to read a lot of books.

So most people are willing to lend me books, so I can read all kinds of books. 16, taste a hundred miles away, ask the first person in my hometown-I once ran a hundred miles away and asked the predecessors of local academic sessions with scriptures.

17, Li Yu waited around, helped the suspect and leaned over to ask questions. I stood beside him, asking questions, asking truth, leaning down, leaning to my ear, and concentrating on consulting 18, and the rest were undressed and dressed. Those who are a little ugly and have fun in it are not as good as people who don't know the service of mouth and body.

I live among them in rags and don't envy them at all. Because there are enough happy things in my heart, I don't feel inferior to others in food and clothing.

19, if you are not proficient in your career, if you are not virtuous, if you are not inferior, then you are not dedicated to others. Are others too guilty? If they are not good at their studies, if they are not virtuous, they are either gifted or not as single-minded as I am. What's wrong with others? 20, green trees and vines, covered and twisted, jagged with lush trees, green stems and vines, covered, twisted, shaken, connected, jagged, floating in the wind. 2 1. Today, I sincerely call myself Fu Su and Xiang Yan and sing for the world. I should respond more positively.

Now, if you really pretend to be the team of childe Fu Su and Xiang Yan and preach against Qin to the people of the whole country, there should be many people responding. 22, borrow the first order not to cut, stick to solid 167.

Even if they can only avoid execution, six or seven out of ten people died defending the frontier fortress. 23, and the strong man does not die, dies and is famous, and the princes will win! Besides, a gentleman will be famous only after he dies.

Don't princes have natural noble species! 24. Will you be born with sadness? Then our service is unfortunate, and it is also unfortunate not to reply to my fu. Do you want to have pity on me and let me live? However, the misfortune of this job is far less than the misfortune of restoring my tax payment.

If you don't serve me, you will be ill for a long time. If I hadn't done this job before, I would be in trouble.

26. I came to my hometown, clamoring for something, and I was stunned by the north and south. Although the chickens and dogs are restless. Violent officials came to our village and shouted harassment everywhere.

Even chickens and dogs can't live in peace with the rural areas where fierce officials clamor for disturbing people (let alone people). 27, settle for second best, eat the soil and do my best.

After returning home, I ate the things planted in that field with relish to end my years. 28, if my hometown neighbor's Danny is right! How can I risk my life every day like a neighbor! 29. I doubt this, but I still believe Jiang's point of view.

I once doubted this statement. Now, judging from Jiang's experience, Confucius's statement is still credible. 30. oh! Who knew that Fu Lian's poison was a snake? Therefore, it is necessary for husband to observe people.

Alas! Who knows that the poison of robbing ordinary people is worse than this poisonous snake! Therefore, I write this "talk" in the hope that those who examine people's feelings will get it. 3 1, don't be happy because of things, don't be sad because of yourself-don't be happy or sad because of the quality of foreign things and your own gains and losses.

32, food and clothing worry-free, dare to specialize in people. I dare not enjoy food and clothing alone, but I have to give it to others.

33, the size of the prison, although not inspected, there must be love. Large and small cases, even if I don't understand them one by one, I have to deal with them according to the facts.

34. Tadashi. You can go to war.

This is my duty. You can use this condition to fight a war.

35, husband war, brave also. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted.

I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it. Fighting depends on courage.

Drumming for the first time can inspire soldiers' courage; The second time (drum attack, soldier's courage) weakened; The third time (drumming, soldiers' courage) was exhausted. Their courage was exhausted and our army was full of courage, so we defeated them.

36, a big country, unpredictable and frightening. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it.

Big countries are hard to guess. I'm afraid there is an ambush there. I saw that their tracks were chaotic and their flags fell, so I ordered the pursuit of the Qi army.

37. Who are Xu Hongmei and me in the north of the city? I compare with Xugong in the north of the city. Who is more beautiful? 38. My wife is beautiful, and I am also selfish-my wife thinks I am beautiful and biased towards me. 39. Anyone who can stab me in the face will be rewarded: both big and small officials and people can.

2. How to write keywords and how to translate classical Chinese translation is a comprehensive exercise, which can not only examine the application of basic knowledge of classical Chinese, but also improve students' reading ability and written expression ability.

Classical Chinese translation requires that every word should be implemented, with literal translation as the main and free translation as the supplement. Try to keep the language style of the original text.

For the steps of classical Chinese translation, we should first read the full text, grasp the main idea of the article, and be aware of it, so as not to be in a hurry to translate it as soon as we start. When you encounter difficult words in translation, you can put them down for the time being and weigh them after the translation.

After the full text is translated, read it through again and check the changes to prevent mistranslation, omission and mistranslation of songs. The basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation.

Specific methods of classical Chinese translation: leaving, deleting, supplementing, changing, adjusting and changing. You can read more when you have time: the requirement of classical Chinese translation is "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". "Faithfulness" means that the translation should be accurate, that is, the translation should be faithful to the original, and the original should be translated truly and properly by using modern Chinese.

"Da" means that the translation should be fluent, that is, it should conform to the grammar and usage of modern Chinese, and the words and sentences should be fluent without language defects. "Elegance" means that the translation should be beautiful and natural, that is, it should be vivid and vivid, and it should perfectly express the writing style of the original text.

Principles of Classical Chinese Translation In the process of classical Chinese translation, we must follow the principle of "every word has its place, combining literal translation with free translation, and giving priority to literal translation". This requires us to translate every word in a sentence in a specific way. As long as it has a certain real meaning, we must implement it word by word and occupy the corresponding seat.

When translating, we should directly change the classical Chinese into the corresponding modern Chinese according to the meaning and word order of the original text, so that words are inseparable from words and sentences. If the meaning is not smooth after literal translation, free translation should be used as an auxiliary means to make the meaning of the sentence as perfect as possible.

Classical Chinese translation is a comprehensive exercise, which can not only examine the application of basic knowledge of classical Chinese, but also improve students' reading ability and written expression ability. Classical Chinese translation requires that every word should be implemented, with literal translation as the main and free translation as the supplement.

Try to keep the language style of the original text. For the steps of classical Chinese translation, we should first read the full text, grasp the main idea of the article, and be aware of it, so as not to be in a hurry to translate it as soon as we start.

When you encounter difficult words in translation, you can put them down for the time being and weigh them after the translation. After the full text is translated, read it through again and check the changes to prevent mistranslation, omission and mistranslation of songs.

The basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation. There are two basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation.

The so-called literal translation refers to the word-for-word translation of the original text with modern Chinese words, so that the content words and function words are as opposed as possible. The advantage of literal translation is the implementation of every word; Its disadvantage is that sometimes the translated sentences are difficult to understand and the language is not fluent enough.

The so-called free translation means translating according to the meaning of the sentence, conforming to the original intention as much as possible, and taking care of the original intention as much as possible. Free translation has certain flexibility, which can add or subtract words, change the position of words and change sentence patterns.

The advantage of free translation is that the text is coherent, and the translation conforms to the expression habits of modern languages and is fluent, fluent and easy to understand. Its disadvantage is that sometimes the original text cannot be realized word by word.

These two translation methods should be mainly literal translation, supplemented by free translation. Second, the specific methods of classical Chinese translation: leaving, deleting, supplementing, changing, adjusting, selecting, fixing and meaning.

1. Stay. Proper nouns, country names, year numbers, names of people, things, places, titles, appliances, etc. You can record it without translation.

For example, in the spring of four years, Teng stayed in Baling County. ("Yueyang Tower") 2. Supplement.

Ellipsis should be supplemented in the translation of classical Chinese. For example, (fame) is happy on the couch, (son) recovers in the middle of the night ("promoting weaving") 3. Delete.

Delete untranslated words. For example, we also discuss courage when fighting.

(Debate on Cao Kuang) "Fu" is a phrase. It should be deleted when translating.

The word "zhi" serves as a complement to syllables and has no practical significance, so it should be deleted. 4. change.

In translation, modern words should be used instead of ancient words. For example, the words "two", "Weng" and "Ru" in Er Weng Gui should be replaced by "you", "dad" and "you" respectively.

5. tune. In translation, the word order of some sentences needs to be adjusted (predicate preposition, attribute postposition, preposition object, preposition object postposition, etc.). ).

For example, "I'm sorry, you don't like it" can be changed to "I'm sorry". "Earthworms have no advantage over slaves" can be adjusted to the form of "mountains have no advantage over slaves".

6. choose. Choose the appropriate word meaning translation.

In the case of different meanings and polysemy in classical Chinese, we must choose the appropriate meaning according to the context. For example, Gu: Xiang Rugu (looking back) asked Zhao (Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) to take care of you (looking back), but I didn't know where to go (Biographies of Lingguan). Big banks ignore (consider) taking care of (miss) Chu in every possible way (Hongmen banquet), and three visits (visits) are the heart of kings (biographies of Qu Yuan).

Fixed translation with fixed format. For example, see "fixed sentence patterns".

8. significance. Metaphor, metonymy and extension in classical Chinese: sometimes literal translation is not clear, so free translation is used.

For example, "Autumn dares not approach" can't be translated literally as "Autumn doesn't even dare a hair on the beast", but should be translated freely as "Even the smallest thing doesn't dare to possess". These methods must be applied! This article reprints the original address of self-love learning network.

3. The more classical Chinese explanations (write whatever you can), the better. Write classical Chinese before translating/Key words/A basic method: literal translation and free translation. There are two basic methods to translate classical Chinese. The so-called literal translation refers to the word-for-word translation of the original text with modern Chinese words, so that the content words and function words are as relative as possible. The advantage of literal translation is the implementation of each word; Its disadvantage is that sometimes the meaning of the translated sentence is difficult to understand and the language is not fluent enough. The so-called free translation means translating according to the meaning of the sentence, conforming to the original intention as much as possible, and taking care of the original intention as much as possible. Free translation has certain flexibility, which can add or subtract words, change the position of words and change sentence patterns. The advantage of free translation is that the meaning is coherent, and the translation conforms to the expression habits of modern languages. It is fluent, fluent and easy to understand. Its disadvantage is that sometimes the original text cannot be realized word for word. These two translation methods should be literal translation, supplemented by free translation. The specific methods are: leave, delete, supplement, modify, adjust and modify. "Stay" means stay. All words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, as well as ancient names of people, places, things, officials, countries and years. That is, delete. Delete function words that do not need to be translated in classical Chinese. For example, "Pei Gong joined Fan Kuai"-Fan Kuai, Pei Gong's bodyguard. "Zheye" is an ending auxiliary word, and "complement" is addition. (1) Turn monosyllabic words into disyllabic words; (2) make up the omitted elements in the ellipsis sentence; (3) Make up the omitted sentences. Note: Fill in the omitted components or sentences with brackets. "Change" means replacement. Replace ancient words with modern words. For example, replace "I" with "I" and "er, if" with "you". "Adjustment" means adjustment. Invert ancient Chinese. In order to conform to the expression habits of modern Chinese, "change" means flexibility. On the basis of being faithful to the original text, related words can be vivid, such as "no smoke without waves" and "lake calm". Understand the theme first, collect information, understand all paragraphs to sentences, clauses to words, and deal with difficult sentences coherently, so you need to be careful, take care of the previous paragraphs, connect with the following sentences, carefully consider the tone, be as reasonable as possible, and have close ties between words. If there are omissions, brackets indicate the gain. Names and place names don't need to be translated, just personal titles. There are rules. Content words and function words are explained together with the text, which makes the sense of language sensitive and varies from sentence to sentence. After the translation, be sure to compare carefully sentence by sentence, understand the tone and fluency of the sentence, and then stop writing. You should also thoroughly understand the explanation of each function word, which is basic, just like reading an article. If there are many words you don't know in this article, then you must have a little knowledge or don't understand. I think our classmates are now. Take a look at the rest of the time, mark the real function words that can't be used with a pen and recite them. Next, I will explain the reading methods and problem-solving skills of classical Chinese. First, we should master the correct reading method of classical Chinese. As we all know, due to the limitation of time and space, the exam has the particularity of solving problems independently without any reference books, so many students are nervous and get classical Chinese materials. I often read it once and choose the answer. In fact, this practice is very incorrect. As an exam-oriented reading of classical Chinese, it should be carried out in three steps: the first step: reading the full text first means concentrating on calming down, browsing or skipping. In recent years, biographies of college entrance examinations have appeared. Read this article, you should know that there are several people, some people have simple relationships, and some people have complex relationships. Generally, there is a protagonist, and the protagonist has positive and negative points. Show a special character and character. This requires candidates to interpret the relationship between characters and appreciate their unique personality and character. The author writes a biography, either for some political needs or for personal purposes, to show the author's views and attitudes, and to ask candidates to analyze the basic contents of the biography and summarize the author's views and attitudes. Content: the materials involved are people and things, caring for each other and educating their children, and promoting national traditional virtues; Or ancient sages, diligent, honest, law enforcement, etc. It not only conforms to the traditional moral norms, but also has practical educational significance. You can understand 60% to 70% the first time. In the past, some candidates were too demanding of themselves when watching jokes. They are anxious when they don't understand the first time, and they are entangled in individual sentences. Every word has to get to the bottom of it, but it is difficult to understand its meaning. This situation is still very common among students. In fact, you should understand that the college entrance examination, as a selective examination, is not easy to understand at first glance. It is normal for you not to understand it the first time, so there is no need to be nervous about it. Step 2: Read the questions carefully. In this step, you must implement the corresponding positions of words, words, sentences and paragraphs in the material one by one. Generally speaking, apply what you have learned. Simple questions can basically be completed in this step. (Make full use of the given options, and choose the correct item by comparison and exclusion. At the same time, in this step, it is particularly important to use several questions to explain truthfully, translate sentences, analyze and summarize problems, etc. Because in them, you can get a lot of information about paragraph comprehension, especially multiple-choice questions (the following sentence is in line with the meaning or the following sentence is not in line with the meaning). This question contains a lot of information. Although there must be one or several items that don't meet the meaning of the question, the mistakes are often just minor problems. Therefore, after reading the last question, your grasp of the meaning of the text will be greatly improved on the basis of the first step. The third step: rereading the full text is to recognize the full text from a higher level, which is roughly equivalent to the level of intensive reading. It not only deepens the understanding of the meaning of the text, but also corrects the mistakes in the first two steps, so it is a process of in-depth review. After reading this step, it is easy to answer some comprehensive questions. It should be said that the three-step reading method of classical Chinese examination is a scientific and effective method summarized by many students in the college entrance examination, and students should master and use it in review. This can save a lot of detours.