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Five tones and seven tones.

Definition of 1. scale

Scale refers to the tones in the mode, starting from a certain pitch, that is, the tonic, and arranging the notes from low to high in pitch order. Such a series of tones are called scales, and there are many different scales all over the world. With the progress of music level, the theory and system of music have been very complete. At present, almost all the countries in the world take the Twelve Average Laws of the West as the basis for learning music, so the scale we are talking about today is the most common major scale.

2. Classification of scales

According to the number of tones contained in the mode, it can be divided into "five tones" and "seven tones". The scale from low to high is called rising, and from high to low is called falling.

Pentatonal scale is a scale composed of five tones, which is often used in the modes of national music, such as: do, re, mi, sol, la, (do).

Music system

1. Definition of musical sound system

The sum of notes with fixed pitch used in music is called musical sound system.

2. Classification of music sound system

(1) series

Tones in a music system are arranged in ascending or descending order, and this arrangement is called a musical sequence.

(2) Sound level

Every tone in the music system is called a scale. There are two kinds of sound levels: basic sound level and changing sound level. In the music system, seven levels with independent names are called basic levels. The names of basic tones are marked with letters and roll names. Two adjacent homonyms are called octaves. Tones obtained by raising or lowering the basic tone level are called varying tone levels. Raise the basic sound level by a semitone and mark it with "L" or ""; A flat semitone is indicated by "drop" or ""; The rising tone is marked by "rising again" or "X"; The whole tone of falling is marked by "falling again" or ""; Recovery is indicated by "".

3. Scope and scope

The range can be divided into general range and personal range, vocal range and instrumental range. Part of the vocal range is the vocal range, which is divided into three types: treble range, alto range and bass range. The division of range is often inconsistent, for example, the high-pitched area of bass is the bass area of alto. But each sound zone has its own characteristic timbre, which is reflected in the performance of music. Generally speaking, the high-pitched area is crisp and sharp; And the bass area is deep and powerful.

(3) mode

A steady sound, an unstable sound

In music, it is difficult to express musical ideas and shape musical images only by relying on an isolated tone, chord or multiple unrelated tones.

Definition of 1. mode

In music, many tones (usually not more than seven) are linked together according to a certain relationship, forming a system centered on one tone (tonic), which is called mode.

2. The classification of modal alto

In the modal system, the sound that plays a pillar role and gives people a sense of stability is called steady sound. The sound that gives people an unstable feeling is called unstable sound. Unstable sounds have the characteristic of progressing to stable sounds, which is called trend. Instability follows its trend to a stable tone, which is called solution. The stability and instability of sound are relative. A common sound (or chord) is stable in one mode system, but it may become unstable in another mode system. Even in the same mode system, some stable sounds may be temporarily unstable because of different harmony processing.

3. Pattern classification

Modes are divided into major modes and minor modes. The mode composed of seven tones is called the major mode, in which the stable tones are combined to form the major triad. The minor form is also composed of seven notes, in which the stable notes are combined into a minor chord. The tonic of the major mode and the third tone above it are three degrees, because this interval can best explain the color of the major mode. The third note above the tonic and minor form is minor, because this interval can best explain the color of the minor form. In the size adjustment system, the first, third and fifth stages play a stabilizing role. The degree of stability of these three levels is different, the first level is the most stable, and the third and fifth levels are poor. Three stable tones and their stability can only be shown when they are played together with the tonic triad, but they are unstable when other non-tonic triads are used. Grades Ⅱ, Ⅳ, ⅵ and ⅶ are unstable tones, and under appropriate conditions, they show the trend of two-dimensional stable tone.

1. Important

According to the system of the law of twelve averages, we can start from any semitone (DO, # do, RE, # re, mi, FA, # fa, SOL, # sol, la, # la, SI) and make a brand-new major according to the interval arrangement order of the major, with C major as the major.

Example:

One two three four five six seven one

Full tone, full tone, full tone, full tone, semitone.

A: tonic and lead:

There are seven tones in each major, and the Roman numerals you see are the series we arranged for these seven tones. The first note is I, usually called tonic, which is the most important note in the whole major, and the seventh note is VII, usually called leading note, which leads the whole scale back to tonic.

B: rules for the composition of majors:

The interval size between each tone is "full-full-half-full-full-half" in turn, which is the composition law of major. We divide the whole scale into "Do, RE, MI, FA〓SOL, LA, SI and Do", which are called "sound shapes", and each sound shape contains four sounds. The whole major scale is composed of "full half, full half, full half"

2. Smaller

Minor is much simpler than major. Every major has an affiliated minor, and key signature used in this affiliated minor is key signature who uses this major. We can regard minor as another scale parasitic on major. You can find it by moving the tonic down three degrees in a minor.