What are the top ten inventions in China?

China is far more than the four great inventions of papermaking, printing, gunpowder and compass. * * * More than 5,000 items, of which 100 is more famous: 1. Drum: It is said that there were artificial drums in China in 3500 BC. In 3000 BC, drums were made by covering frames or containers with animal skins. 1980, seven "coffin drums" made of crocodile skin were unearthed from six tombs in Taosi Village, Xiangfen, Shanxi Province. The hollowed-out trunk is the remains of Xia Mu Drum, including 1 drum, 2 hanging drums and 4 flat drums. Ancient human tombs about 4200 years ago.

2. Binary system: China ancient Yijing used binary system for calculus. It is said that Fuxi invented the binary system in 3000 BC.

3. Rope: In 2800 BC, China people had mastered the technology of making hemp rope.

4. Compass: It is said that Xuanyuan, the Yellow Emperor of China, invented the compass in 2700 BC.

5. Fish culture method: In 2500 BC, people in China already knew how to raise fish.

6. Equatorial astronomical instruments: In 2400 BC, China people invented equatorial astronomical instruments.

7. Decimal counting system: China people determined the decimal system in the Book of Changes, and China established a complete decimal system in the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago.

8. Printing: In BC 1324, people in China were able to carve seals and watermark files with ink. /kloc-in the 0/040s, Bi Sheng, a letterman in the Northern Song Dynasty, invented movable type printing, which was more than 400 years earlier than Gutenberg, a German. 1 107, China people also invented color printing.

9. Lacquer: Lacquer is a coating made of sticky sap from the bark of Rhus verniciflua, which is used to decorate and protect objects. In primitive society, people in China have discovered sumac and know how to make natural lacquer from sap of sumac as paint. China invented and used lacquerware at the latest in the 3rd century BC/KLOC-0.

10, bronze mirror: The history of making bronze mirrors in China can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty, and bronze mirrors were invented by China people in the12nd century BC.

1 1. Umbrella: As early as the late spring and autumn period of BC 1 100, Lu Ban's wife Yun cut bamboo into thin strips and covered them with animal skins, which looked like a "pavilion" and folded freely. Paper umbrellas appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and green paper umbrellas were made in the Song Dynasty. Later generations improved umbrellas, such as oil umbrellas and bat umbrellas. 1747, China's umbrella was introduced to Britain, becoming the first umbrella in Britain.

12. Kite: According to legend, Mo Zhai in the Eastern Zhou and Spring and Autumn Period in China was made of wood and developed in three years. This is the earliest kite of mankind. Flying a kite provides the principle and inspiration for the plane to fly into the sky.

13. Rice wine: About 6000 years ago, artificial brewing began. Legend has it that Du Kang was the earliest person who made wine in ancient times, and the wine made in Du Kang was rice wine, which was not high in degree and was still very turbid.

14, Bow and Arrow: 1963, a flint arrow was found in the late Paleolithic site of Zhiyu Village, Shuoxian County, Shanxi Province. It was made of very thin feldspar pieces, with a sharp tip and narrow shoulders like a collar. This is one of the earliest arrows found in the world. In Europe, Italy only used bows in the 10 century.

15, ancient robots: In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yan, a skilled craftsman in China, developed a performer who could sing and dance well, which was the earliest recorded robot in China.

16, branch tillage and intensive cultivation method: In the 6th century BC, China people invented the branch tillage and intensive cultivation method; Europeans didn't use this technology until 173 1, about 2400 years later than China.

17, iron plow: iron plow Niu Geng appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, and iron plow Niu Geng expanded its popularity in the Warring States Period; Since then, the iron plow Niu Geng has become the main farming method of Chinese traditional agriculture. In the 6th century BC, China invented the iron plow. Europeans didn't use iron plows until17th century, about 2300 years later than China.

18, big bell: China people invented the big bell in the 6th century BC; Europeans didn't adjust their clocks until 1000, which was later than China 1600.

19, ever-burning lamp: In about 589 BC, China people invented the ever-burning lamp. The wick is asbestos; The lamp oil is seal oil or whale oil.

20. Abacus: Xu Yue, a famous mathematician and astronomer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, was the first proposer and recorder of abacus in the world. 2 1, Carpet: Carpet is a famous traditional handicraft in China. Carpets have been used in China since 500 BC. The famous handmade carpet has been inspected for more than 2000 years.

22. Double-acting piston bellows: China invented the double-acting piston bellows in the 5th century BC. It was not until16th century that the double-acting piston bellows was used in the west. It is about 2 100 years later than China.

23. Water Bowl: In the 5th century BC, people in China invented the water bowl. Add a certain amount of water to the water bowl and rub the ears on both sides of the bowl, and the water will surge up, which makes use of the standing wave principle in physics.

24. Vacancy zero method: China people began to use vacancy to indicate zero before the 4th century A.D., and this is how China's abacus expressed it.

25. Chemical weapons: The history of chemical warfare with poisonous gas in China can be traced back to at least the early 4th century BC.

26. Harness changing: In the 4th century BC, China invented harness changing.

27. Oil ignition method: In the 4th century BC, China people invented oil ignition method and natural gas ignition method.

28. Cast iron: In the 4th century BC, China people invented cast iron and used blast furnaces to cast iron.

29. Saddle: From 4th century BC to 1 century BC, China invented the saddle converter.

30. Identification method of saltpeter: China people discovered saltpeter before the 3rd century BC. The discovery of saltpeter laid the foundation for the later invention of gunpowder.

3 1. The first contour canal in the world-Lingqu: The contour canal was built in the west of13rd century, about 1600 years later than China.

Three-dimensional map: China invented the three-dimensional map at the latest in the 3rd century BC.

Suspension Bridge: Li Bing, a native of China, built the An Lan Bridge in guanxian, Sichuan in the 3rd century BC. This is the earliest bamboo cable chain bridge built in the world.

34. notation: before 22 1 year BC, China people had invented notation.

35. Papermaking: Around 200 BC, people in China invented papermaking. In A.D. 105, Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty made Cai Hou Paper. Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in China.

36. Parachute: China invented the parachute in the 2nd century BC. 1783, the westerner Linomande jumped from the top of the tree or the roof many times, and the result was very successful. He called it a parachute. This is more than 900 years after China invented the parachute.

37. Fireworks: Fireworks were invented in China in the 2nd century BC.

38. Miniature hot air balloon: In the second century BC, China invented miniature hot air balloon.

39. Ink: China invented ink in the second century BC.

40. Crank-crank: In the 2nd century BC, China invented the crank-crank; Cranks were not used in the West until the 9th century, about 700 years later than in China.

4 1, polonium: In the 2nd century BC, China invented polonium, but the drill was not made in the west until 1566, about 1800 years later than China.

42. Rotating threshing fan: In the 2nd century BC, China invented the rotating threshing fan. It was not until the beginning of18th century that grain-raising fans appeared in the west, which was about 2000 years later than that in China.

43. Balance ring: In BC 140, China invented the balance ring, and China invented the balance about 700 years earlier than the West. (Jane)

44. Brandy and whisky: In 126 BC, people in China invented brandy and whisky. It was not until 1570 that this wine-making method spread to Europe and caused a sensation among Europeans. Brandy appeared in Europe about 1400 years later than China.

45. Tofu: In BC 125, China Liu An invented tofu. In the same year, China also invented the extraction method of hormone crystals, which was 2200 years earlier than Europeans.

46. Lantern Festival: In BC 12 1 year, China people invented the Lantern Festival. Westerners John Barthes described lanterns in 1634, which was more than 700 years later than China. There is a flat impeller on the lantern and a candle or lamp under it. The rising of hot gas drives the impeller to rotate, which is the original application of the working principle of modern gas turbines.

47. Baining method-Steelmaking with pig iron: In 120 BC, China people invented the method of steelmaking with pig iron, also known as "Baining method". It was not until 1856 that pig iron was used to make steel in the west, which was about 2000 years later than that in China.

48. Compass car: It is said that the compass car was invented as early as 5,000 years ago in the era of the Yellow Emperor. At that time, the Yellow Emperor used it to point out the direction on the foggy battlefield and defeated Chiyou. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yuetang people in the south lost their way back to China, and the Duke of Zhou used a guide car to escort Yuetang envoys back to China. In addition to gear transmission, the South Compass built by Ma Jun of the Three Kingdoms also has an automatic clutch device, which uses the gear transmission system and clutch device to indicate the direction.

49. Crank: During the Warring States Period, about 100 BC, China invented the crank. Crank rocker is a widely used technology in industrial and agricultural production.

50. Wheelbarrow: Wheelbarrow is a small vehicle propelled by human power, also known as "deer cart" or "pulley cart". At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, China people invented the unicycle. The unicycle was not used in the west until 1 1 century, which was later than China 1200 years.

5 1. Sealed laboratory: In BC 1 century, people in China invented and built a sealed laboratory.

52. Transmission belt: In the 5th century BC/KLOC-China invented the transmission belt. The transmission belt used by Europeans is 1430, which is later than China 1400 years.

53. Sliding Plotter: China people invented the sliding plotter in AD 5. The sliding plotter was not used in the west until 1638, which was more than 600 years later than that in China.

54. Hydraulic bellows: In 3 1 year, China people invented the hydraulic bellows. China people's pioneering work in utilizing water conservancy is one of the most important breakthroughs in energy supply before modern society. This is an important step towards the industrial revolution.

55, keel waterwheel: In 80 AD, China people invented the keel waterwheel; The first square-bladed keel waterwheel in Europe was made in16th century, which was made directly according to the design of China, about 1500 years later than that of China.

56. Stern rudder: 1 century, invented the stern rudder; In the west, the rudder appeared on church sculptures in 1 180, which was about 1 100 years later than China.

57. Porcelain: According to the fragments of late Paleolithic pottery found in Nihewan area of Yangyuan County, Hebei Province, China's pottery has a long history of 1 1700 years. As early as 3000 years ago in Shang Dynasty, primitive celadon appeared in China. After the development of 1000 years, it finally got rid of the primitive porcelain state and fired a mature celadon of the eastern han dynasty. Porcelain did not appear in the west until the18th century.

58. Seismograph: In A.D. 132, China native Zhang Heng invented the seismograph. 1703 The first modern seismograph was designed by a foreigner Della Hautefeuille. This is later than the seismograph invented by Zhang Heng 157 1 year.

59. Tear gas: In the 2nd century A.D., people in China invented tear gas.

60. Watertight cabin on board: China invented the watertight cabin on board in the second century.

6 1. Balanced square sail: China invented the balanced square sail in the 2nd century.

62. Quantitative mapping method: Zhang Heng, a famous inventor in ancient China, invented the quantitative mapping method in the 2nd century, which made the mapping science take a big step forward. But it was not until15th century that maps of considerable value appeared in the west, which was about 1300 years later than the invention of quantitative mapping by Zhang Heng.

63. Spinning wheel: China invented the spinning wheel in 12 1 year; In the west, the spinning wheel was not used until 1280, which was more than 1 100 years later than China.

64. Pure sulfur extraction method: China people invented the pure sulfur extraction method in the 2nd century. China invented the method to treat malnutrition earlier than the west 1700 years or so.

65. Seven-masted ship: In 260 AD, China invented the seven-masted ship.

66. Car front crossbar: In the 3rd century, China invented the car front crossbar.

67. stirrup: stirrup is an essential tool for modern riding. When in use, they are tied to a horse's back and suspended by the rider's feet. They have been widely used since the Tang Dynasty. According to the murals and other cultural relics unearthed in Mobei, the Huns in China may be the first people who used stirrups in the 3rd century. It was not until the 5th century A.D. that stirrup was made in western countries, which was 200 years later than that in China.

68. Automatic control machine: China invented the automatic control machine in the 3rd century BC.

69. Artificial gold: Ge Hong, a native of China, invented artificial gold in the 3rd century.

70. Primary arsenic extraction method: Ge Hong, a famous alchemist in China, invented the primary arsenic extraction method in the 3rd century. Arsenic is one of the raw materials for making gunpowder, which is hundreds of years later in the west than in China.

7 1, fishing line: China people invented fishing line in the 3rd century, which was called "fishing car" at that time. In the west, it was not until 165 1 that the reel was used on fishing rods, which was about 300 years later than that in China.

72. Helicopter horizontal rotor and propeller: Ge Hong, a native of China in the 4th century A.D., talked about helicopter rotor. At that time, there was a kind of children's toy bamboo dragonfly in China, like the rotor of a helicopter. It has a shaft with a line around it, and several blades are installed on the shaft. When the angle is set, the rotor will fly into the air with a guy. This kind of toy has a great influence on European aviation pioneers.

73. Paddle steamboat: China people invented the paddle steamboat in 4 18.

74. "Siemens-style" steelmaking method: About the 5th century AD, China people invented the "Siemens-style" steelmaking method, which was then called "smelting" steelmaking method. This is 1863 Martin-Siemens open hearth steelmaking method. China is about 1400 years earlier than the west.

75. mimeograph technology: In 500 AD, people in China invented mimeograph technology.

76. Hydraulic Mill: In 530 AD, China invented and manufactured the hydraulic mill. In the 3rd century, Europeans used this technology, about 700 years later than China.

77. Beach navigation: In 500 AD, China people invented beach navigation.

78. Pointer instrument: Zhao Da, a native of China, invented the pointer instrument in 570 AD.

79. Matches: The first match in the world was invented by China people in 577 AD. China people used matches almost earlier than Europeans 1000 years!

80. Chess: China invented chess in the 6th century. The West didn't play chess until the 7th century, about a hundred years later than China.

8 1, Arch Bridge: In 6 10 AD, Li Chun, the founder of China Architectural Engineering School, invented and built an arch bridge-Tongqiao, also known as Zhao Zhouqiao or Dashiqiao, which was 700 years earlier than the Vichy Arch Bridge built in West 1345.

82. Floating board: China people invented the floating board before 759 AD.

83. Iron: In the eighth century, people in China invented iron and began to use it.

84. Paper money: China invented paper money in the 8th century, but the issuer is the government. 166 1 year, Stockholm Bank of Sweden introduced paper money for the first time, more than 700 years later than China.

85. Gunpowder: China invented gunpowder in 850 AD. In the 10 century, people in China used it to send signals and make fireworks. Westerners began to pay attention to gunpowder in the late12nd century, more than 300 years later than China.

86. Playing cards: In the 9th century, China invented playing cards. In the west, playing cards also appeared in German and Spanish on 1377, about 500 years later than China.

87. Flame thrower: China invented the flame thrower in 904, which was used in war.

Gun: In about 905, China invented the gun. This gun is a musket (or spear). Europeans didn't start using muskets until 1396, more than 400 years later than China.

89. Mercator projection: In 940 AD, China invented Mercator projection; In A.D. 1568, Britain began to use Mercator projection, which was about 600 years later than China.

90. Chain drive: In 976, China invented the chain drive-chain drive belt; Europeans didn't start using chain-driven belts until 1770, about 800 years later than China.

9 1. Cam: China people invented the cam in 983 AD and applied it to the heavy chain that was lifted by water. At the same time, cam was used in a starch washing workshop in Tuscany, Italy.

92. Canal Lock: In 984, China native Joe invented the canal lock, which improved the transport capacity of rivers. By 1375, the first ship lock was built in Europe, which was 389 years later than that in China.

93. Vaccine immunization: China people invented vaccine immunization in the 10 century. By 1700, as a measure to prevent smallpox, light smallpox inoculation began to be widely used in Europe. This vaccination method was introduced from China and later developed into vaccination against vaccinia.

94. Mechanical clock: In the 10 century, China invented the mechanical clock. It was not until the13rd century that mechanical clocks were made in the west, which was about 200 years later than that in China.

95. Mine: China invented mine in 1374.

96. Artillery: China invented the cannon in 1280. At this time, the people of China made the first batch of copper and iron cannons (the symbol means verification).

97. Rockets: China people invented rockets in 1 150, and used gunpowder-fueled rockets to fight wars.

98. Glasses: Glasses were invented by China in 1300, and also used in Italy.

99. Ancient helicopter: China people invented the helicopter in the 7th century/KLOC-0. /kloc-in the 7th century, Xu, a skilled craftsman in Suzhou, China, spent all day thinking about bamboo dragonflies played by children, trying to build a dragonfly-like helicopter and take people to heaven. After more than ten years of research, he built a helicopter. It has a propeller like a bamboo dragonfly, and its driver's seat is like an armchair. It relies on the pedal to drive the propeller to rotate through the rotating mechanism. During the test flight, it actually flew more than a foot off the ground, flew over a small river ditch and then fell.

100, Echo Wall: 1530, China people invented the Echo Wall; Invented the three-tone stone and the dome at the same time. They were all built in the Temple of Heaven.