How to use dietary therapy to treat liver cirrhosis in Chinese medicine dietary therapy?

Hepatic cirrhosis (i.e., cirrhosis) is caused by one or more causes of long-term or repeated damage to the liver. Liver cells show extensive degeneration, necrosis and regeneration. Nodules form on the surface.

Pathomorphologically, cirrhosis can be divided into 4 categories: small nodular, large nodular, mixed size nodular and regenerative nodular inconspicuous. And clinically it is generally customary to use portal venous, post-necrotic, schistosomiasis, biliary cirrhosis 4 kinds.

The most common causes of liver cirrhosis are hepatitis and schistosomiasis. Especially chronic hepatitis transformation, more common. If the dietary lack of protein and vitamins, so that the destruction of the liver cells can not be timely repair, continue to degenerate and necrosis, the liver lobular scaffolding collapse, fibrous connective tissue proliferation, and finally can develop into cirrhosis of the liver.

The diet of patients with liver cirrhosis is also very important.

[Dietary principles] the general principle is: to have enough calories; adequate vitamins; food should be diversified, cooking should pay attention to the color and flavor and soft palatable easy to digest; avoid drinking alcohol; blood ammonia should be limited to high protein, hepatic coma should be prohibited from eating protein; swelling or ascites should be limited to sodium; accompanied by esophageal varices, it is desirable to give a liquid diet, the upper gastrointestinal tract should be prohibited from eating when the hemorrhage; In biliary cirrhosis, a low-fat, high-sugar, high-protein diet should be the mainstay; and vitamins A, D, E, and K, as well as calcium supplements should be given.

Specifically, there are several aspects.

1. Protein: daily supply of 100-120 grams of general, if there is a reduction in plasma protein, it is necessary to supplement a large amount of protein, 1.5-2 grams per kilogram of body weight per day, and it is desirable to use high physiological value of high-quality proteins, such as eggs, animal liver, lean meat, fish, poultry, shrimp and so on. Higher protein diet is necessary for the protection of hepatocytes and repair of damaged hepatocytes. When plasma protein is too low and causes ascites and edema, the amount of protein can be increased. In patients with significant hepatic decompensation or precursor symptoms of hepatic coma, a high-protein diet should not be given, and the amount of protein eaten should be strictly limited, so as to reduce the burden on the liver and reduce the concentration of ammonia in the blood.

2. Calorie: it is required to supply sufficient calorie to reduce the consumption of protein, reduce the burden on the liver, and facilitate the synthesis of tissue protein. Liver cirrhosis patients daily dietary calories to 2500 ~ 2800 kcal is more appropriate. According to body weight, the daily calorie requirement per kilogram of body weight is about 35~40 kilocalories.

3. Fat should not be too much, forbidden animal oil, can use a small amount of vegetable oil. The bile synthesis and secretion of the hardened liver is reduced, so that the digestion and absorption of fat is seriously affected. Dietary fat deposits in the liver, can prevent the synthesis of hepatic glycogen, promote the further decline of liver function. The more appropriate fat supply for the daily 40 ~ 50 grams, too little will not only make the food boring, affecting appetite and digestion, and is not conducive to the normal conduct of many important physiological and biochemical processes.

4. Sugar should be supplied in sufficient quantities to ensure that the liver synthesizes and stores hepatic glycogen, which is necessary to prevent toxin damage to liver cells. You can use more glucose, white sugar, honey, fruit juice or fruit and other easily digested and absorbed mono- and disaccharide foods. However, if you eat too much sugar, not only affect the appetite, hindering the intake of other nutrients, but also easy to cause the accumulation of body fat, induced fatty liver and arteriosclerosis and other diseases, so it should also be moderate, 300 to 500 grams per day is appropriate.

5. Vitamins should be comprehensive and rich, B vitamins to promote digestion, protect the liver and prevent fatty liver has an important physiological role. Vitamin C can promote metabolism and has a detoxification function. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E have different sheltering effects on the liver. For the source of vitamins, more fruits can be used. Vegetables due to low calorie, large size, so should not be used too much, so as not to eat more, affecting the intake of other foods.

6. Avoid drinking alcohol. Do not drink all beverages containing alcohol, and to avoid stimulants and various spicy condiments, a variety of canned goods and other foods containing lead and additives should also be eaten as little as possible or not eat.

7. The daily intake of salt should not exceed 1.0~1.5 grams, and the amount of drinking water should be limited to 2,000 milliliters, and for patients with severe ascites or edema, the salt intake should be controlled at less than 500 milligrams, and the daily intake of water should be less than 1,000 milliliters.

8. Foods should be soft, and should avoid foods containing rough fibers such as thorny bones and celery, leeks, old cabbage, soybean sprouts, etc. to prevent rupture and bleeding caused by stabbing the esophagus. When ascites, the amount of food per meal should be reduced, should be a small number of meals, so as not to increase the patient's feeling of fullness and discomfort.

9. If cirrhosis is accompanied by hypersplenism, there is often a bleeding tendency, and this tendency should be supplemented with blood-clotting foods, such as gelatin-rich meat jelly, hoof tendons, sea cucumbers and so on.

10. Cirrhosis, low plasma protein, accompanied by anemia, can increase some iron food, such as puree of liver, vegetable puree, jujube puree, cinnamon, small beans porridge, etc..

11. When there is ascites, diuretic foods such as carp, crucian carp soup, goat's milk, watermelon juice, winter melon can be added.

12. Trace element zinc supplementation. Hepatic cirrhosis patients serum zinc level decreased, urinary zinc excretion increased, the liver contains zinc decreased, can eat more zinc-rich foods, such as pork, beef, mutton, fish, walnut meat, tamarind and so on.

When liver cirrhosis advanced, liver function is extremely low, and accompanied by blood ammonia increase, dietary protein should be reduced, banned meat food, only to the patient sugar food, such as juice, lotus root powder, honey, porridge, cookies, etc., in addition to dietary vegetables should be added to some vegetables, vegetables contain fiber can promote intestinal peristalsis, increase excretion, in order to reduce the absorption of ammonia in the large intestine toxicity.

[Therapeutic formula] 1. Pig belly, toad each 1 only. Method: the toad (toad) to remove the viscera after washing, into the rinsed pig belly, tied tightly with twine, add water and simmering, until the belly is cooked, take out the toad, eat the belly and drink soup. Divided into 4~6 times eaten, morning and evening on an empty stomach. 1 pig belly for a course of treatment, the interval of 1 week, and then served. Toad is sweet and cold in nature, has the effect of clearing away heat and detoxification, strengthening the spleen and eliminating accumulation and eliminating lumps. The formula of simmered toad with pork belly is used for liver cirrhosis and ascites of liver cirrhosis, or liver cancer and stomach cancer, which has certain effects of supporting positive qi, softening tissues and anti-tumor.

2. Pig liver, vinegar sizzling turtle armor 200 grams each, 100 grams of raw chicken gold. Method: the pig liver washed, cut into thin slices, dry in a warm box, and sizzling turtle shells, raw chicken gold **** research fine powder. Store in a dry place. Usage: 3 times a day, 6~8 grams each time, warm water. Half a month for 1 course of treatment.

3. Placenta 2, loach 300 grams. Method: the placenta and loach in the oven dry, *** research fine powder. Dry storage. Usage: 3 times a day, 6 ~ 10 grams each time, warm water to serve. 1 month for a course of treatment. Adherence to consumption, has the function of improving liver function and lowering transaminase.

4. 250 grams of pig liver, 150 grams of chicken bone grass. Wash the pig liver and chicken bone grass together with water stew cooked, remove the dregs, eat liver and drink soup. Usage: 2~3 times for 2~3 times, morning and evening each eat 1 time. 1 month for 1 course of treatment.

5. Pig bile: treatment of cirrhosis ascites. Pig gall bladder 4, mung bean noodles 500 grams. On the two drugs for the pill such as mung beans, each serving 6 to 9 grams, 3 times a day, until served.

6. yellow cow spleen: treatment of cirrhosis ascites. Yellow cow spleen 90 grams, 90 grams of cactus. The cactus longitudinally cut into 2 slices (not cut off), clamped into the cattle spleen, roasted with this charcoal fire, discard the cactus, only eat cooked cattle spleen, 1 day 1 time.

7. Carp: carp 1 tail, put in the urine tank swim 20 minutes, take out the disemboweled belly. And then to leek root 20 ~ 30 plants and into the wash, stewed, even fish and juice to serve, treatment of ascites liver cirrhosis.

8. Red bean carp: 1 tail 1000 grams of carp, red beans 50 grams, 6 grams of peel, 6 grams of sharp chili, 6 grams of grasshopper, green onions, ginger, salt, pepper, chicken broth a little. A little green leafy vegetables. Remove scales, gills and internal organs from carp, wash and set aside. Adzuki beans, tangerine peel, sharp chili pepper, grasshopper washed and stuffed into the belly of the fish. The fish into the basin, and add the appropriate amount of onion, ginger, pepper, salt, chicken soup, on the cage steamed. Steam for about 1 to 1.5 hours, when the fish is cooked can be removed from the cage. Shredded green onion or other green leafy vegetables with soup slightly hot, put into the fish soup is complete.

9. Carp Batou: carp 1 (250 grams or so), Batou 14 (not peeled). Carp to remove organs, scales and armor, will be loaded into the belly of the fish Batou, cooked with water (not add salt, spices), to Batou without, eat fish and drink soup. Avoid salt, sauce, room 100 days.

10. Green beans and garlic: treatment of advanced schistosomiasis ascites (schistosomiasis liver disease). Mung beans 360 grams, water immersion for 3 hours, add garlic (peeled) 2, cooked over a gentle fire, add sugar to correct the taste, 3 times a day to serve, served 7 days for a course of treatment. Two courses of ineffective that is doubled. Avoid salt during consumption.

11. Can choose to have blood circulation, blood stasis, soft, scattered food, such as seaweed, kelp, jellyfish, seaweed, turtle, taro, water chestnuts and so on.

12. Red bean porridge: 50 grams of round-grained rice, 50 grams of red beans. Red small beans first soaked in warm water for 2~3 hours, then add water to cook rotten, then pour into the round-grained rice with cooking, morning and evening warm meal.

13. Blackfish, winter melon, scallion white, garlic soup: blackfish 1 (250 grams or so), remove scales and viscera, 250 grams of winter melon, scallion white, a little garlic, **** cooked, divided into 2 ~ 3 times to eat.

14. 100~150 grams of garlic, watermelon 1. Wash the watermelon, dig a triangular hole, put the peeled garlic, and then dig down to the melon skin cover, Sheng plate, steamed over water, drink the juice while hot. 3 times a day. Beneficial to edema, detoxification effect. Applicable to liver cirrhosis ascites and acute and chronic nephritis edema.

15. 1 carp, red beans 120 grams, Chen Pi 6 grams, with boiled rotten. Eat fish and drink soup, 2 times a day. There are clearing heat and detoxification, diuresis and edema efficacy. Applicable to liver cirrhosis ascites and jaundice hepatitis.

16. 30 grams of sliced yam, 20 grams of cinnamon meat, turtle 1 (weighing about 500 grams). First of all, the turtle slaughtered, washed to remove intestinal impurities, even armor with the meat with the right amount of water, and yam, cinnamon meat cooked, eat meat and drink soup. 2 times a day. Applicable to liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, etc..

17. 200 grams of purple beads (dry half), 4 eggs. The purple beads, eggs and put in a wok with water to cook and decoct. Eggs cooked shell, and then boiled for 1 hour, so that the egg color black. Eat 1 egg each time, serve 2 times a day, serve 100 for a course of treatment. It is suitable for early liver cirrhosis.

18. 50 grams of fresh raw land (20 grams of dried products), wash, add water, decoction for 1 hour, remove the slag, and then add an appropriate amount of round-grained rice, cooked into porridge, eaten with meals.