What are the characteristics of Qinhuai handicrafts?

Nanjing's handicrafts have a long history and many varieties, rich in national style and local colors, and can be divided into two categories, one is handmade daily necessities, and the other is artwork mainly for appreciation.

Nanjing handicrafts have always been represented by the Qinhuai area, which is also an important window for its display. It is a place where the best of the country is gathered, and there are many outstanding folk artists.

Qinhuai area pangong east and west market, gongyuan street, three mountain street, etc., in addition to antique jade, gold and silver jewelry, gold and stone painting and calligraphy, the four treasures, brocade lacquer, etc., especially in the folk tradition of the most colorful handicrafts, there are su embroidery, xiang embroidery, ancient embroidery, pompoms, paper-cutting, silk flowers, paper flowers, colorful sculpture, ceramic carving, etc., all kinds of.

A wide variety of handicraft stores are located in the streets and alleys of the Fuzimiao area, usually with the front as a store and the back as a workshop, which have been passed down from generation to generation. The paper-cutting handicrafts of Fuzimiao are made of red paper lined with various embroidered patterns for shoes, pillows and handkerchiefs, as well as festive window decorations.

The paper-cutting artisans, with their commendable skills, cut out a variety of beautiful flowers, exquisite figures, and living birds and animals according to the needs of the customers.

Qinhuai paper-cutting is neat and strong, sparse and dense, delicate and clear, with a simple and concise, thick and full of beautiful style. The composition is often flower in flower, title in title, fine in pattern and dexterous in clumsiness, revealing a strong decorative art effect in the strong local flavor, and the subject matter is mostly harmonized with auspicious phrases to form a pattern, which gives rise to happy and beautiful associations.

Handicrafts pompoms, silk flowers and paper flowers are Fuzimiao and Sanshan Street celebrations of festivals best-selling kinds of handicrafts, pompoms are dyed with the offcuts of reeling, made of extra-fine copper wire as the stamen into a long pompom, and then made into a variety of styles of flowers, exclusively for women and children to wear.

"Velvet flower" because of the resonance of "glory", meaning auspicious blessings. The shape is also taken from the folk things, such as the dragon and phoenix, gold and jade, and so on. When it comes to the wedding, that the bride is to wear a variety of festive pompoms, dressed up flower people in general, appearing more and more joyful.

Old times, the Qinhuai region, the streets and alleys are carrying a round drawer selling pompoms, which was a customary landscape. There were four or five layers of round drawers, each containing a different style of pompoms, allowing customers to choose.

The pompom seller held a long-handled gong, and when he yelled, he shook the small wooden mallets attached to both sides of the gong and struck the gong from the left and right sides, making a clear "ding-dong, ding-dong" sound. Sometimes sell pompoms people came to the lively street, the layer of flowers on the round drawer on the ground, for people to appreciate and choose.

Silk flowers, also known as "Beijing flowers", is China's long history and a strong decorative color handicrafts, referring to the use of various colors of silk fabric imitation of flowers. More than 1700 years ago, China has a silk fabric flower-making skills.

During the Tang Dynasty, silk flowers were the main decorations for women. There were many varieties of silk flowers sold in the Qinhuai area, including vase flowers, hanging flowers, potted flowers and corsages, which were brightly colored and resembled real flowers, and played a wonderful role in decorating the environment and beautifying people's lives.

Paper flowers are made of rice paper, traditional Chinese medicine or silk tied into the paper flowers for women's head bun on the decorations, in the women did not implement the hair-cutting before the sale is very prosperous.

Face painting is the painting on the faces of Chinese opera performers, and it is a kind of make-up art used in stage performances. Face painting varies for different lines.

"Sheng", "Dan" face makeup is simple, slightly powdered, called "handsome dress", "plain face ", "plain face", "clean face". The "net line" and "ugly line" facial painting is more complex, especially the net, are heavily applied oil paint, complex patterns, so called "flower face".

Face painting in opera mainly refers to the face painting of Jing. The "ugly", because of the role of theater, so in the bridge of the nose to smear a small piece of white powder, commonly known as "small flower face".

Fuzimiao has a variety of colorful face paintings, the Ming and Qing dynasties of the drama face, there are classified according to the text of the play, there are classified according to the genre, there are classified according to the character, each vivid and elegant. Here, the loyalty and righteousness of the civil ministers, the courage of the military generals, and the treachery of the treacherous phases are all expressed in exaggerated and symbolic strokes, each with its own character.

Kites are also a favorite of the Qinhuai people, who have an early history of flying kites.

The Duiqi Zhi recorded:

Hou Jing besieged the city of Taicheng, Jane Wendi made a paper kite, the wind and air emergency.

Originally, in 549, Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang in the Southern Dynasty, was trapped in Taicheng, Nanjing, with no food or provisions inside and no rescue troops outside, the situation was critical.

When Xiao Yan was worried, his minister, Yang Kan, gave him an idea: to bundle the imperial edict of troop dispatch on a kite and release it outside the city to ask for help.

Xiao Yan followed the idea and sent his third son, Xiao Gang, to do this. Xiao Gang, or Emperor Jianwen. From a high place in the palace, Xiao Gang flew the kite out of the city in the direction of the wind, with Emperor Wu's edict tied to it, calling on foreign soldiers to rise up to rescue and defend the royal family.

The kites were the most fashionable handicrafts in the cities on both sides of the Qinhuai River during the Qingming Festival in the Sixth Dynasty, mostly purchased and flown by the children of rich families, and they began to be widely circulated after the Tang Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty, kites began to be widely spread. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kites became more and more exquisite, more and more diversified, and their patterns and colors became more and more elaborate.

The Qinhuai people made kites by using thin bamboo sheets to make a skeleton, and then pasted with thin cotton paper. There are many kinds of kites, such as birds, fowls, insects and fishes, some of which are silver swallows, some of which are geese, some of which are butterflies, some of which are peacocks, and some of which are Chang'e running to the moon, and the heavenly maiden scattering flowers.

Some kites are equipped with paper drums, some with reed springs, and when the wind is blowing, the drums are thumping and the kites are sounding, which is very interesting. There is also a tie into the human form, pink face, black temples, red clothes and white dress, into the clouds, curling.

Then there was a poem that was passed down in praise of kites:

Spring clothes to weigh the body near the dawn, the wind is fast harrier whip everywhere;

Suddenly heard the children clapping their hands, the pine tops blowing down the beauty of the kite.

Silk man is made of silk, its face and hands of flesh red, with seven kinds of drugs guide juice soaked fabric, outside wrapped in silk, slowly smoked with the fire, so that the flesh red gradually appeared, its color with a few days of soaking will not fade.

The silk man of Fuzhimiao Temple is unique in that the peony fairies, the king of flowers, Yao Huang, and the marquis of flowers, are as tall as a real person and as small as only a foot, and all of them are very lifelike.

Pouring and pinching candies are also famous handicrafts in Fuzhimiao.

Pouring sugar man artist to white sugar with brown sugar and a small amount of flour, in a small copper pot boiled into sugar, and then hold the sugar pot, in a piece of polished jade plate, relying on a thin line of sugar, can be poured to draw a variety of shapes and patterns or poultry, livestock, people and flowers, and then dipped in some sugar with a bamboo stick dipped in the sugar, that is, a beautiful lines of the plane of the sugar man or sugar animals.

Under the hands of these artists, the might of the military generals, the humility of the civil servants, the old man's weird, the lady's graceful posture, flowers and plants, animals, God's grace, relying only on the appropriate thickness, simple and concise sugar lines, the performance of the vivid and lifelike.

Crush sugar man is generally given a copper plate a turn of color, turn to the rooster to take the rooster, turn to the centipede to take the centipede. This game is very attractive to children.

Pinching the sugar man in the past in the folk common, everywhere, the stretcher of the drum in a carbon stove, the stove on the set of a special round copper pot, the pot separated into five or six pieces, each frame set a color sugar, six colors.

Sugar man is a maltose with the right amount of sugar, flour and food coloring synthetic. Artists rely on a pair of dexterous hands, a pair of scissors, a bone stick and half a comb, can blow and pinch a variety of shapes of animals and characters. Can use the mouth to blow pinch out the treasure gourd, the white swan, the mouse stealing oil, etc., a combination of real and virtual, but also exquisite.