How to Cultivate Students' Concept of Space

The concept of space is the representation of the shape, size and mutual position of objects in people's minds. The concept of space is the basis of spatial imagination. Cultivating the initial concept of space is the basis of developing spatial imagination, an important goal in mathematics curriculum standards and one of the core goals of space and graphics learning. Students form a certain concept of space, which not only helps them better understand the world and solve related problems in daily life, but also creates good conditions for further study.

First, from the life experience to cultivate students' concept of space

Students have certain life experience and pay more attention to the things around them. Students of geometric figures such as cuboid, cube, cylinder and sphere have a preliminary understanding in their lives and formed a certain view of space. In teaching, teachers guide students to start with the surrounding things through the connection with previous knowledge, and cultivate students' spatial concept through learning activities that let students see, say, find and touch. For example, in the teaching of cuboids, we can observe things around us, let students have a look, talk, find and feel the connotation of cuboids, so as to help students form a correct representation under the guidance of teachers.

Second, cultivate students' spatial concept through hands-on operation.

In teaching, teachers should pay attention to guiding students to do it themselves, so that many senses such as eyes, brain and hands can participate in activities at the same time, so that students can perceive graphic symbols through practical exploration activities and form and consolidate the concept of space.

Friedenthal, a Dutch math educator, thinks that math learning is an activity, which is the same as riding a bike. Without personal experience, you can't learn by reading books, listening to explanations and observing other people's demonstrations. Therefore, in order to cultivate students' spatial concept, teachers must guide students to carry out operational activities. In teaching, the teacher arranges activities to build things. In the process of building things, students need to constantly observe, compare, analyze and reason to get the correct answer. This process not only develops students' rational reasoning ability, but also helps students develop the concept of space.

Thirdly, the cultivation of space concept must be combined with the teaching of preliminary geometry knowledge, purposefully and step by step.

With the increase of students' geometry knowledge. In the process of applying geometry knowledge, the initial concept of space is gradually established. The concept of space, whether it is a plan or a three-dimensional figure, is closely related to the geometric knowledge of points, lines, surfaces and bodies, and the formation of the concept of space needs a certain process. For different students, the time required and the degree of achievement are different, so we should gradually raise the requirements, not too fast or too high. We can put forward different requirements for students at different levels, so that good, medium and poor students can develop accordingly.

Fourthly, cultivate students' concept of space in connection with real life.

But also contribute to the development of students' concept of space.