Fan Yi's anti-tradition

Henan: Henan Opera Dapingdiao Sipingdiao Wanbang Yuediao

Shandong: Lu Opera

Hebei: Hebei Bangzi

Shanxi: Shanxi drama

Anhui: Huangmei Opera Flower Drum Opera

Guangdong: Cantonese Opera

Zhejiang: Pingtan

Beijing: Beijing Opera

Northeast: duet.

Shaanxi: Shaanxi Opera

Shanghai: Shanghai Opera

1, drama concept:

Drama is a comprehensive stage art, which shapes the image of stage art, reveals social contradictions and reflects social life through literature, music, dance and art.

2. Drama type:

From the form of performance, it can be divided into drama, opera, ballet, poetic drama, radio drama, TV drama, street drama, live newspaper drama and so on; According to the nature of the works, they can be divided into tragedy, comedy, drama, etc. From the plot, it can be divided into one-act drama and full-length drama. It can be divided into historical dramas and modern dramas according to the times.

3. Dramatic elements: including stage description, dramatic conflict, characters' lines, etc.

4, the basic characteristics of drama:

(1), space and time should be highly concentrated.

Drama is different from novels and essays, and is not limited by time and space. It takes time, characters, plots and scenes to be highly concentrated on the stage. On a small stage, several people's performances can represent a tribe. After a few turns, it can be said that you have crossed Qianshan and changed a scene and characters. It can be said that you have arrived at a brand-new place or many years later ... thousands of miles apart and spanning several years, you can all show it on the stage through the transformation of scenes and fields.

(2) Contradictions and conflicts should be sharply concentrated.

All kinds of literary works should express social contradictions and conflicts, while drama requires that the contradictions and conflicts reflected in limited space and time be more acute and concentrated. Because drama is a literary form to reflect the contradictions and conflicts in real life, there is no drama without contradictions and conflicts. Because the script is limited by space and performance time, the real life reflected by the plot must be condensed into contradictions suitable for stage performance.

(3) Language should express personality.

The language of drama is mainly lines. Lines are what the characters say in the play, including dialogue, monologue and narration. Monologue is what characters say when they express their personal feelings and wishes alone. Narrator is what a character says to the audience from the side behind other actors on the stage. Drama mainly promotes the development of the plot through lines and expresses the character. Therefore, the language of lines should fully express the character, identity, thoughts and feelings of the characters, be popular, natural, concise, colloquial and suitable for stage performances.

China's plays mainly include drama and drama: drama is an inherent traditional drama in China, while drama is a form of western drama introduced into the 20th century.

China's classical opera is an important part of China's national culture. It is loved by people of all ages because of its artistic charm. Moreover, it also occupies a unique position in the world drama circle, and is called the three ancient dramas in the world together with the tragicomedy of ancient Greece and Brahma drama of India.

The formation of China's traditional drama can be traced back to the Qin and Han Dynasties. However, the formation process was quite long, and it was not formed until the Song and Yuan Dynasties. Mature operas should start from Yuan Zaju, develop and mature in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and enter modern times. They have flourished for more than 800 years, and now there are more than 360 operas. During its long development, China's classical operas have successively appeared in four basic forms: Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties, Zaju in Yuan Dynasty, Legends in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Local Opera in Qing Dynasty and Modern Opera.

Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties came into being at the end of Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Quanzhou, Fujian and Fuzhou are the formative periods of Peking Opera.

Yuan Zaju is also called Beiqu Zaju. Yuan Zaju first appeared in Hebei Pingzhen and Shanxi Pingyang at the end of Jin Dynasty. Yuan Zaju was popular in the Yuan Dynasty, which was the first golden age of China opera. It has reached a very high literary level, so that in terms of poetic style alone, the ancients have long called Tang poetry, Song ci and Yuan qu together.

Legends in Ming and Qing Dynasties are a form of drama developed from Southern Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties. It originated in the late Yuan Dynasty, spread in the early Ming Dynasty, flourished in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, reached its peak in Wanli, and lasted until the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Many works are called "Ci Qu Shan Hai".

The local opera in Qing Dynasty is the third stage of classical opera. It has the same artistic form as modern and modern opera. At the end of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, local operas flourished around the country, called the Flower Department. When they entered the Qianlong period, they began to compete with the Kunqu Opera "Ya Bu". By the end of the leaf, the flower department overwhelmed the elegant department and occupied the dominant position on the stage until the end of Daoguang. This 150 year is the era of local operas in the Qing Dynasty. The operas of 1840 19 19 are called modern operas, including Peking Opera formed in Tongzhi and Guangxu years and a drama reform movement that appeared in the early 20th century.

During the May 4th New Culture Movement, traditional operas were severely criticized, and since then, operas have entered the era of modern operas. The formation of Beijing Opera is the result of the development of local operas in Qing Dynasty. After Beijing Opera became a national representative opera, it did not suppress the development of local operas at all. From local operas in Qing Dynasty to Peking Opera, China opera is very prosperous.

China's plays are only a hundred years old. Introduced to China from the west, it was called "new drama of civilization" before the May 4th Movement in the early 20th century. This early drama still has some features of China traditional drama. After the May 4th Movement, western drama was introduced as it is and appeared in the form of realistic drama, which is called "new drama". It was called "Drama" from 1928, and it has been used ever since.