Traditional dress of Sudanese women

Keywords: clothing of Arab countries, Arab countries, studying in Arabia, click: 40 Time: 2010-12-2314: 22.

Arab countries have a long history, splendid culture and traditional customs. With the progress of society, the development of science and technology, and the infiltration and exchange of eastern and western cultures, the traditional customs of its people have also evolved. Their aesthetics, costumes and residence are both traditional and dynastic.

Men's clothes

It is the image of Arabs to wear robes, cloaks and headscarves on headscarves.

Arabian robes are mostly white, with wide sleeves. They are simple in workmanship and have no hierarchy. It is not only a casual dress for ordinary people, but also a dress for dignitaries. The texture of the material depends on the season and the owner's economic conditions, including cotton, yarn, wool and nylon.

Relaxation and comfort are the characteristics of Arabic robes, but there are subtle differences in workmanship and decoration in different regions; For example, Saudis have long sleeves, high collars and linings. Sultan's robes are collarless, with large breasts and sleeves. They are cylindrical, ankle-long, with a pocket in front and a waist pocket on the side, which can be worn alternately on both sides. Tuiman's robes are collarless, with a cord spike about 30 cm long hanging from the chest at the neckline, and a calyx-shaped opening at the bottom of the spike, where perfume can be sprayed and spices can be placed.

In the eyes of Arabs, cloaks are festive costumes, and men wear cloaks on their robes, which looks radiant and manly. Cloaks come in many colors and different qualities. For example, in the cloak market in Kuwait, men's and women's transparent tulle cloaks are worn in summer and wool, camel hair and woolen cloaks are worn in winter; There are ordinary cloaks with good quality and low price worn by civilians, as well as luxurious cloaks with fine workmanship and gold and silver silk worn by royal family members and the rich.

The Arabic headscarf is also a product of desert environment, which plays the role of a hat, protecting against sun in summer and keeping warm in winter. This headscarf is a piece of cloth. Put it on your head and fix it with a headband. Its color is mostly white, and there are other colors. The thickness of fabrics varies, depending on seasons and conditions.

The headband is a ring made of camel hair, mostly black and occasionally white, with different thicknesses. Young people like a thick hair band and a ribbon to make them look smart and handsome.

It is the habit of many Arabs to wear a small white hat under the headscarf. On informal occasions, they like to wear only a small white hat instead of a headscarf. Some men in Egypt, Libya, Algeria and other countries don't wear headscarves or small white hats, but only wear a red or black Turkish felt hat. Some people like to wrap a white cloth under a felt hat, which is more colorful and novel.

Dressing is a long-standing decorative habit of Arab tribes, with various styles and advantages, especially waist knives in Yemen and Oman.

Waist knife was originally used as a weapon for self-defense, and later it gradually became a precious ornament and national custom. Arabs believe that only wearing a broadsword can show a man's chivalry. A man who doesn't wear a broadsword is not a hero. At the same time, wearing a broadsword is also a sign that boys grow up. Until now, some tribes will hold a ceremony to dress boys when they reach the age of 15 to express their congratulations.

Mauritanians' property is different from that of other Arab countries. Almost everyone carries amulets, and some even carry several. The amulet is packed in a small leather bag. In addition to beauty, it is mainly earthy.

women's clothes

Wearing black veil and black robe is the image of Arab women under Islamic rules. Arab women's black veil is very thin. Wearing it, outsiders can't see the owner's face, but the owner can see things through the gauze as usual. A few women wear double black veil, which makes it difficult to see things and often needs children's help; Some people cover their hair with a piece of black gauze, and the other piece covers their face and mouth, exposing their eyes; Someone made a hole or two in the black veil to make it easier to see things. There are sizes of black veil, the small one covers the head and neck, the big one covers the head, and the four corners can hang down to the chest or even the legs. Most women wear hats with elaborate ornaments besides black gauze.

Black robe is the traditional dress of Arab women, with simple workmanship and different styles and colors. For example, the black robe of a Saudi woman is a large black cloak.

There are two kinds of clothes for Yemeni women: one is black gauze on the top of the head, which covers the head and then wraps the whole body with black cloth (or plaid cloth); The other is divided into three parts: head, upper body and lower body. The black veil on the top of the head hangs down to the neck, the black shawl on the upper body hangs down to the waist, tied to the chest, and a black skirt on the feet.

The black robe of Egyptian women is a rectangular piece of black cloth, that is, the 5-meter-long cloth is divided into two parts, the two sides are sewn together and embroidered with lace according to personal preference. You can wear it or wear it, which is flexible and convenient, and you can wear it at will to expose a certain part of your body.

Sudanese women like to wear robes to mop the floor. The robe is a piece of cloth that can wrap the whole body, black and white.

When Libyan women go out, they often wrap themselves up with a cloth similar to a bed sheet, only showing their eyes.

Arab women look simple, even barefoot, but they are not. They are almost covered with all kinds of gold and silver jewelry. Wearing a silver headband, a silver chain on the headband, a gold and silver chain on the forehead, flowers on the nose, earrings one after another, necklaces one after another, bracelets on the wrist, anklets and anklets ... are also very chic, fully demonstrating the elegance of wearing gold and silver.

In Libya, although traditional clothing still dominates, young men often wear suits and ties, and women also wear suits and skirts, which is solemn and elegant. They appreciate and pursue "faded" western makeup artist, such as rouge and lipstick, touching, nail dyeing, perfume, earrings, necklaces and other dim gold jewelry.

Even in Saudi Arabia, where Islamic rules are the strictest, clothing is changing. Although women still wear veils and robes, robes are full of color. Young students wear jeans and T-shirts, and upper-class women also wear fashionable suits.

Americans don't always dress appropriately like the British, but they don't pay much attention to clothes. They dress according to the principle of generosity and comfort, and wear whatever they like. Others can't talk or laugh. In spring and autumn, Americans usually wear a pair of trousers and a sweater or jacket over their shirts, which is relaxed, comfortable and unrestrained. There are many people wearing shorts and skirts in summer. In tourist or seaside cities, men wear swimming trunks, women wear three-point swimsuits and then put on bath towels, so they can go shopping or go to restaurants. But on formal occasions, Americans are more polite.

Pay attention to dress and neatness when meeting. It is better to wear a suit, especially to polish shoes and clean fingernails. American businessmen seldom shake hands. Even when we meet for the first time, we don't have to shake hands first. They often just nod, smile and say hello politely. A man should hold a lady's hand gently, not forcefully. If a woman has no intention of shaking hands, a man should not take the initiative to reach out unless the woman takes the initiative. Hands can't shake hands. Between the superior and the subordinate, the superior reaches out and shakes hands first. Between the old man and the young man, the old man reaches out and shakes hands first. Between the host and the guest, the host reaches out first. Between men, the most taboo is to compare with each other. Americans don't like to get too close to each other when they speak, and they are used to keeping a certain physical distance. Generally, it should be kept between 120- 150 cm, at least not less than 50 cm.

In the United States, more than 12 men have the title of "Mr.", but most Americans don't like to use the titles such as Mr., Mrs., Miss and Ms., and think that everything is too serious. They like to be called by their first names and think it is a sign of friendliness. Americans seldom use formal titles to address others.

Official titles are generally only used for judges, officers, doctors, professors, religious leaders and other figures. Especially in administrative positions. Americans never use this name, such as * * * director * * * manager. American customs officers always say "please", "thank you", "please open the box" and "please take out your passport", and after inspection, they will say "have a nice trip" or "it's a nice day".

What American salesgirls and restaurant waitresses say makes people feel at home. Even if you didn't spend a penny, they all smiled and said thank you for coming. I hope to come again next time.

Before public and private companies visit, they must make an appointment first, and it is best to call when they arrive. Americans are hospitable, even if you only know each other for a minute, you may be invited to go to the theatre, eat or travel abroad. But after a week, this friend may forget all about you. It is impolite to visit American families, so you must reach an agreement in advance. Just give gifts to relatives and friends. If they don't know in advance, don't knock directly. It's best to leave the gift at his door and then inform him to pick it up himself.

When invited to visit an American home or attend a banquet, it is best to bring some small gifts to the host, such as cosmetics, children's toys, local specialties or tobacco and alcohol. For the furnishings in the home, the host likes to listen to the language of appreciation, rather than asking about the price.

Punctuality and trustworthiness are very important. American businessmen like to show their informality, approachability and sense of humor. People who can often tell a few jokes are often easily accepted by the other party. Breakfast and lunch date negotiation is very popular in American business circles. When you promise to attend the banquet hosted by the other party, you must go to the banquet on time. If you can't keep the appointment on time due to special circumstances, you must call the host to explain the reason or tell him when you can go. When eating, the lady walks into the living room, the man has to stand up, and you can't sit down until the lady finds a seat. When Americans entertain guests, they mainly serve roast beef and roast chicken, because these dishes are very popular with ordinary Americans, which are convenient and affordable. As long as it is accompanied by one or two vegetables, taro and cereal, if dessert is prepared, it is a big meal. Hamburgers are food that Americans eat every day. According to the regulations, the fat content of hamburger ground beef should not exceed 30%.

In America, people like light and clean colors, such as ivory, light green, light blue, yellow, pink and fawn. It is difficult to point out those particularly advanced colors in America. Many psychologists' surveys show that: first, solid colors are more popular; Second, bright colors are more popular than dark colors. The relationship between American color hobbies and buying habits can be seen from the following interesting examples:

New york citizens like white eggs, so white eggs are often sold at high prices there. However, Boston citizens like red-brown eggs. It is generally believed that reddish-brown eggs taste delicious, while white eggs taste special. However, cooking experts believe that white eggs are better than red-brown eggs.

In recent years, American drinking habits have changed, which is consistent with the changes of consumers' drinking habits in various countries. That is, from strong dark wine to light wine. People began to get used to drinking beer, wine and fruit wine. According to statistics, the consumption of spirits in the United States, the world's largest consumer of alcohol, is declining. In 1975, British whisky accounts for 13.6% of the total consumption in the United States, while in 1985, it only accounts for 1 1%. In the past 10 years, the sales of low-alcohol liquor in the United States increased by about 30%, and there is a popular saying in the United States that "light wine is more beneficial to health than dark wine".

In some places, people like to drink weak tea, while in other places, people like to drink strong tea. Both tea and coffee must be in harmony with the local water. In addition, red cream or cheese is more popular than ordinary cream and cheese. For example, red salmon sells well in some places, and white salmon sells well in some places because of customs.

Green asparagus tea is very popular in Boston, and white asparagus tea is also very popular in Chicago. In terms of clothing color, in the southern United States, women like blue, while in New England, people like to buy clothes that suit their skin color because of their ruddy skin color. In Texas, the number of people who buy light brown goods will increase after Christmas.

Among the toothbrushes worth 65,438+00 cents in the United States, red ones account for about 50% of the sales, but there is no high-grade toothbrush made of red, because Hooper color has achieved great success and is very popular among high-grade toothbrushes. Besides, knives with blue handles sell better than those with black handles. This is because American women pay attention to kitchen decoration and hate monotonous utensils.

An example of color taboo in the United States is that Japanese pen makers used purple velvet to hang linings in silver pencil cases when exporting pens to the United States, which was resented in the United States. In the United States, the use of trade marks must be registered with the US federal government, otherwise your goods will be impersonated by others. It is best to use the company's name as a trademark to promote sales.

There are many Jews in America. Pay attention to local Jewish festivals. Two weeks before and after Christmas and Easter are not suitable for visiting. Except for going on holiday in June-August, it is advisable to visit the rest of the time.

Social customs in English-speaking countries-Britain

Britain: The full name of Britain is "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland", which is referred to as the United Kingdom for short. Britain is an archipelago country in western Europe, with an area of 254,000 square kilometers and a population of 56.5 million, of which 83% are English. The main religions are Protestantism and Roman Catholicism. The capital London.

At present, the British government implements a constitutional monarchy and a cabinet system of responsibility. Congress is divided into two houses. Members of the House of Commons are elected by the people for a term of five years. The upper house consists of hereditary or feudal nobles, priests or social elites. In addition, the cabinet holds political power, and its members are nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed with the consent of the King. In addition, the Prime Minister is the majority leader of the House of Commons and has the right to dissolve and re-elect the House of Commons. When there are no children, the throne is inherited by the eldest daughter. The current king is Elizabeth II.

British customs are rich and colorful. When we first meet, we usually hold hands as gifts, unlike Eastern Europeans who often hug each other. It is considered impolite to slap a guest casually, even after business. British people have some taboos to pay attention to. For example, they never walk under a ladder, don't carry an umbrella in the house, don't put their shoes on the table, and don't treat people as decorations.

British people pay attention to clothes, and clothes should change from time to time. They tend to judge people by their appearance, so they should pay special attention to their appearance and attitude. British people pay attention to clothes, and they should be well dressed as soon as they leave home. Although the British have lost their former glory, they are particularly conceited. Because people in the upper and middle classes live comfortably, they have developed the traditional manners of "gentleman" and "lady". But they are old-fashioned, generally keen on conformism, reserved and solemn. Ordinary families love old furniture, old furnishings, old clocks and watches handed down from the previous generation and show them off. There are many "century-old shops" in London, the capital. The more famous the shops, the more completely they retain their original style or layout. Although the car engine has been replaced with a new model, the model should be kept the same as before. There are two post offices in London, which are open day and night 365 days a year and never rest. It is said that they are preserved according to the ancient English tradition.

Source: (/s/blog _ 5094610b0100gtcv.html)-Social customs of major English-speaking countries _ Qingshui _ Sina blog

English people are withdrawn, rigid in life, conscientious in work, not interested in foreign affairs, often reticent, cautious about new things, and have a unique calm humor. They are reserved and indifferent, and their feelings are not revealed. Even if there are sad things, they often don't show up. They seldom lose their temper and are patient. They don't want to argue with others unnecessarily. The British are very patient. Under no circumstances will they show anxiety.

British people are polite and speak very politely. The words "thank you" and "please" never leave their mouths. Speak politely to English people, whether they are waiters or drivers. Ask them to be polite when they do things, and don't make people feel condescending, or you may get the cold shoulder. The British respect women. In Britain, the social atmosphere of "ladies first" is very strong. If you go, let the lady go first. Take the elevator to promote women. When taking buses and trams, let the ladies get on first. Pour wine for the hostess or hostess first. Walking in the street, men should go outside to avoid danger and protect women from harm. Husbands usually participate in various social activities with their wives, and they are always used to introducing their wives to distinguished guests first. According to British business etiquette, it is advisable to wear a three-piece suit and a traditional conservative tie at any time, but don't wear a striped tie, because the British will associate it with the old "legion" or old-school uniform tie. The British have a strong sense of time. When they meet or discuss business, they must make an appointment in advance. Punctuality is very important. It's best to arrive a few minutes early. The way they get along is punctuality and keeping their promises.

All ethnic groups in Britain still follow traditional customs and should avoid using the word "English" to mean "Englishman". If you meet two businessmen, one is Scottish or Welsh, and you say he is English, then he will correct you to say he is Scottish or Welsh and use the word English.

When talking about business, we should be cautious. Shake hands when meeting for the first time or on special occasions, or when expressing approval and congratulations. In Britain, it is not popular to invite each other to breakfast to discuss business. Generally speaking, their lunch is relatively simple, and they pay more attention to dinner, which is regarded as dinner.

Therefore, major banquets are held at dinner. It's best to bring some low-value gifts when visiting an Englishman's home, because spending less will not be suspected of bribery. Gifts generally include: high-grade chocolate, famous wine, flowers, especially folk handicrafts with national characteristics in China, which they particularly appreciate. Not interested in souvenirs marked by the guest company. In Britain, items such as clothes and soap are too involved in personal life, so they are generally not used as gifts. Chrysanthemums are only used for Halloween or funerals in any European country, and are generally not suitable for giving away. White lilies symbolize death in Britain and should not be given away. Other flowers can be given away. Potted plants are usually delivered after the banquet. If you are invited to someone else's house, you need to pay attention. If it is a social occasion, not a business, it is impolite to arrive early. The hostess should prepare it for you. If you go early, she will be embarrassed if she is not ready. It is better to arrive late 10 minutes. The habits of the British and our country are very different in accepting gifts. They often open gifts in front of guests, and the host will give warm praise and thanks regardless of the value or use of the gifts. Scotch whisky is a popular gift, but strong whisky is not.

British businessmen generally don't like being invited to banquets at home. Most parties are held in hotels and restaurants. In a sense, English banquets are mainly frugal. They hate wasteful people. For example, if you want to make tea for a treat, if there are three guests, you must only boil three servings of water. England is very particular about drinking tea. People from all walks of life like to drink tea, especially women are addicted to tea. British people also have the habit of drinking afternoon tea, that is, at 3-4 o'clock in the afternoon, they put down their work, drink a cup of black tea, sometimes have a snack and rest for a quarter of an hour, which is called "tea break". The host often invites you to have afternoon tea with him. In this case, you don't have to refuse him. Smoking is generally not allowed at formal banquets. It is considered impolite to smoke while eating.

In Britain, inviting the other person to lunch, dinner, drinking in a bar or watching a play or ballet is regarded as giving a gift. For the drinks provided by the host, it is advisable for the guests to drink no more than 3 cups. If they feel that they are full, they can quickly turn the empty cup over to the host to show that they are full and thank them. The business hours of pubs are usually 1 1 to 3 pm and 5: 30 pm to 3 pm 1 1. There are usually many people who are thirsty for wine in pubs. During the rush hour, later guests bought snacks and stood and drank without seats.

British businessmen responded positively to constructive suggestions. Dress well and talk about style. When attending a banquet or party, you are used to wearing a black dress. Your clothes and pants must be very hot. When traveling to Britain, we should pay attention to some taboos: avoid talking about personal affairs, family affairs, weddings and funerals, age, occupation, income and religion. Due to religious reasons, they are very jealous of the number "13" and think it is an unlucky number. Try to avoid the number "13" in daily life. 13 is not allowed to sit at the same table when eating. If 13 is Friday, it is considered unlucky. You can't show "two" with your hand out. This "V" gesture is a hostile act of contempt for others. Walking in the street, pay attention to traffic safety, and all vehicles drive on the left.

February-June and mid-September to 165438+ 10 are most suitable for business activities. It is best not to go around Christmas and Easter for two weeks. There is a bank spring break (Pentecost) festival in Britain, which is in June (the first weekend); Bank Summer Festival, August (last weekend). Drinking water is safe. Free medical care in Britain is no exception, even if foreigners who come to Britain temporarily have acute diseases.

Social customs in English-speaking countries-Canada

Canada: Canada is located in the north of North America, with an area of 9.97 million square kilometers, ranking second in the world. With a population of 25 million, English and French are official languages. Two thirds of the residents speak English and one fifth speak French, mainly in Quebec. Canada is a federal country with a cabinet system, and the Queen of England is Elizabeth II.

Canada has the reputation of "Maple Leaf Country", "Thousand Lakes Country" and "Sincere Northern Xinjiang". Canadians are cheerful, not conservative, materialistic, have a strong sense of freedom, act casually and pay little attention to etiquette. But they pay more attention to daily life, and the requirements for housing are cleanliness, comfort and complete equipment. It is also greatly influenced by religion in life customs. They are usually very taboo about the number "13". At their banquets, there are usually even seats. They like to spend Christmas. In festivals, turkeys and cloves are their indispensable dishes, and the content of festival activities is similar to that of other European countries.

According to Canadian business etiquette, it is wise to wear a conservative suit. Generally speaking, Canadian businessmen are quite conservative. Your sales should be formally put forward during working hours, and your attitude should be cautious. Trade restrictions between the United States and Canada are being relaxed year by year, which has both advantages and disadvantages for the Canadian economy. Because of the relaxation of the border, the economic division of labor and cooperation between the United States and Canada will eventually be realized.

Going to Quebec to do business with French Canadians, if you can speak a few French, there are unexpected benefits. People call Canada a melting pot of races. It can be seen that there are about 40 languages in newspapers published in Canada.

Canadians are not as casual as Americans. Most receptions are held in restaurants and clubs. If you are invited to a Canadian home, you can send a bouquet of flowers to the hostess in advance, or you can bring it yourself. But don't send Bai Baihe. In Canada, Bai Baihe is only used at funerals.

Canadians don't like foreigners to compare their country too much with the United States. Canadians like outsiders to talk about the advantages of their country and people.

Social customs in English-speaking countries-Australia

Australia: Commonwealth of Australia (Australia for short). It is located in the southern hemisphere, between the southwest Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The country name comes from Latin australis, which means "South". Australia has other nicknames, such as "country riding on sheep's back", "country herding sheep", "country sitting on a mine car", "island continent", "southern continent", "young country in ancient land" and "gold rush holy land". Australia is a member of the Commonwealth and the Queen of England is Australia's head of state.

Australians have a strong sense of time, so they must contact in advance and keep the appointment on time. They treat people casually. If you are invited to visit an Australian family, you can bring a bottle of wine to the host. It's better to bring a bunch of flowers to the hostess.

In Sydney and Melbourne, it is wise to wear a suit at any time. In Brisbane, local businessmen are used to wearing shirts, ties and shorts. However, when we meet for the first time, we might as well wear a suit. You need to make an appointment in advance to visit a business or government office. A lot of business is done in bars. If you propose a drink, you usually pay the bill. Unless you agree in advance, you can't go Dutch. Australians are used to eating English western food in their diet. They like light taste and avoid spicy food. Some people don't eat sour food. Their dishes are usually roasted, stewed and braised. When they eat, most of them like to put all kinds of seasonings on the table, so that they can choose seasonings freely, and there are more seasonings. Australia is famous for its abundance and quantity of food elements, especially the demand for animal protein. They usually like milk, beef and mutton, lean pork, chicken, duck, fish, eggs, dairy products and fresh vegetables. They like drinking coffee and eating fruit. Australians have an absolutely inflexible habit: every Sunday morning, they have to go to church (there are thousands of churches) to listen to sermons. Australians have always adhered to the habit of "going to church on Sunday" since ancient times. Generally speaking, Europeans and Americans will play golf early on Sunday morning. Sometimes, they will use it to talk about business. Hundreds of millions of contracts are often "a deal" in court. But if you want to do this with Australians, I promise it won't work. Therefore, avoid asking them out to play ball on Sunday morning. Australia has unique customs. Due to the influence of geographical location and other factors, Australia's winter and summer are just the opposite of China in the northern hemisphere. In the dead of winter, I went to Sydney, Australia from Beijing, but it was a hot summer day. If you go to Western Australia, you will encounter a high temperature of 40-50 degrees Celsius. The orientation of housing construction in Australia is also opposite to that in our country. There is a saying in China, "Don't live in a house facing north if you have money", but this sentence doesn't apply in Australia. In Australia, only houses facing north are warm in winter and cool in summer.

Most Australians are relatively calm and don't like the chaotic living environment. However, because residents are descendants of different nationalities, there are subtle differences. For example, when you have dinner with a businessman of British descent, they will ignore you when you bring up business at dinner. Most business activities in Australia are carried out in small hotels. It's not good to remember carefully who paid for the meal, pay too actively or forget to pay. Australian employees leave the office as soon as they get off work. People in management are enthusiastic about their work and do not stick to others. However, don't think that it is easy to do business after drinking wine together.

In Australia, people like to shake hands warmly when they meet, and they are called by their names. Australians like to chat with strangers, especially in bars, and people will always come to chat with you. After introducing each other or having a drink together, strangers become friends.

Social customs in English-speaking countries-New Zealand

New Zealand: New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific and a hub of air and sea transportation. It covers an area of 269,000 square kilometers. The population is 3.2 million. 90% of them are descendants of British immigrants, and there are more than 250 thousand indigenous Maori. 80% people believe in Christianity. English is spoken all over the country, and Maori use their own language. Wellington, the capital, is the national political and economic center and an important seaport. New Zealand is a member of the Commonwealth. The Queen of England is the head of state of New Zealand. The current government of New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a cabinet system of responsibility. New Zealand is known as "the country on the edge of the world", "the country of animal husbandry", "the country of shepherd" and "the country of white clouds".

New Zealand has a mild climate, lush flowers and trees, lush grass and cattle and sheep everywhere. Sheep breeding was introduced from Australia and Britain at the beginning of19th century, and after more than100th year of development, it has become a world-famous "country of animal husbandry" and "kingdom of agriculture and animal husbandry". At present, New Zealand has 40 sheep and 3 cows per capita, and the number of cattle and sheep per capita ranks 1 in the world. According to the business practice in New Zealand, this transaction is based on the principle of fairness. There is no room for bargaining here. Once the price is put forward, it cannot be changed. If the other party asks about the delivery date, quality and payment terms, the business is likely to be concluded. It can't be wrong to think so. The habit of giving gifts at random may not work here, so pay attention. After the business is done, in order to express gratitude, you can entertain the people concerned, which will not only have the best effect, but also make the other party very happy. New Zealanders say that they are a non-interventionist country and never speak ill of others. I don't care about my friends' political positions and religious beliefs. I usually meet my friends in the hotel (pub) on Friday night and chat while drinking beer, which makes them feel full of interest. The main topic is sports, and personal matters are mostly avoided. The customs of New Zealanders are very distinctive. They have a unique symbol, treating kiwi as a precious animal, and they have kiwi as a symbol on their national emblem and coins. The quality of life of New Zealanders is generally high, and they usually pay attention to food, clothing, housing and transportation. Most of them like outdoor sports, besides horse racing, they especially like football. In New Zealand, Maori still retain strong traditional customs. Most of them believe in primitive polytheism, and they also believe in the immortality of the soul and worship the gods of their ancestors. Every time they meet an important event, they will go to the river to pray as usual and throw water at each other to show the purity of religious ceremonies. They have a traditional etiquette: when they meet distinguished guests, they will "touch their noses", that is, the two sides touch their noses two or three times and then break up and leave. It is said that according to its custom, touching the nose for a long time means that the higher the courtesy, the more popular it is. New Zealanders are used to eating English western food, which has a light taste. Generally, I like to drink coffee, black tea and fruits, especially a kind of fruit called "Kiwi". New Zealanders shake hands when they meet and break up. When you meet a woman, you should wait for her to reach out and shake her hand. It is best to sign a contract in advance for business activities, and guests should arrive a little early to show courtesy. Businessmen usually like to invite foreign customers to their hotels or guesthouses for lunch, and talks are usually held in local offices. If you are invited to a New Zealander's home for dinner, you can bring a box of chocolates or a bottle of Vitoji as a gift. Don't give too many or too expensive gifts.