Kneel for a copy (graduation thesis of township enterprise management)

Township enterprises have made great contributions to the economic development of China with their unique development path and tenacious vitality. Based on the problems faced by township enterprises, this paper puts forward the sustainable development strategy and looks forward to the future development trend. For example, the problem part: the current problems faced by township enterprises: 1, the property right system of township enterprises is flawed; 2. The internal management system of enterprises is relatively backward; 3. Township enterprises lack of capital supply and technological innovation. Lack of high-quality talents and technology is a common problem in township enterprises. According to this plan, we can continue to expand our own share of development and look forward to the future. The theory of extended reading: the starting point of the changes in the governance structure of villages and towns in China, and reflections on the comprehensive reform cases of the three major villages and towns in the central and western regions: This paper discusses the reasons, basic contents and legal, political and financial costs of the changes in the governance structure of several villages and towns in Hubei, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, and points out that this change has the original significance of Chinese democracy, so that the villages in the central and western regions of China have been controlled by a single-dimensional government from top to bottom. At the same time, it is pointed out that due to the lack of national laws, theoretical level and good public-private relations, these three changes in management structure are still quite fragile and lack continuity. Management is a concept deeply applied in the discussion of legal and political development, which is different from the traditional control of a single government. Under the new social premise, the government, non-governmental organizations and the people can all shoulder the responsibility of supervising social public affairs and become the core of power at different levels of society, thus promoting the orderly development of the whole society. Management structure refers to the arrangement and interconnection of various parts of the management system. In recent years, the township system reform in the central and western regions of China, such as the direct election of townships in Buyun Township, Suining City, Sichuan Province, the comprehensive reform of townships in Xian 'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province, and the direct election of townships in Shiping County, Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, have all reflected major changes in township management structure and legal and political relations. To a certain extent, it has opened the door to the reversal of grassroots township governments in China from single control and supervision to multi-core independent management. Adapted to the trend of the adjustment of the relationship between the state and society after the change of village financial structure. First, the motivation of the change of township management structure in the central and western regions: townships are the administrative divisions of the backbone of villages in China. Since the founding of New China 50 years ago, the township government has been the core of supervision at this level (including the 25-year national commune political cooperation system). It directly deals with 900 million farmers and is the key management institution for building a harmonious society. Under the premise of rapid industrialization, urbanization and marketization, the functions and structure of township governments have undergone dynamic and unchangeable changes. In the coastal areas of East China with a high degree of marketization and industrialization, the rapid development of private enterprises has strengthened the social structure and greatly enhanced the self-organization ability of society. At the same time, the township government has sufficient capital supply and the ability to provide the society with quite complementary public products; Driven by the changes in social and financial structure, the management structure of villages and towns has also changed on its own in a very, very large scale. However, in the vast central and western regions of China, the speed of financial development is limited, and the public goods provided by township governments (administrative expenditure, expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water construction, education and social security expenditure) are seriously insufficient. The self-organization of village society is weak, and there are still problems in social management, whether it is the government's own supervision or not. Therefore, actively constructing a modern township governance structure that meets the needs of the development of the central and western regions is the key method for rural development in the central and western regions. The three places that carried out township reform are all poor places in the central and western regions. Finance at county and township levels is extremely difficult. It is difficult for the government to fulfill the effectiveness of supervising society and promoting finance. There are many social contradictions and the relationship between cadres and the masses is tense. The core part of the superstructure has been seriously out of touch with the basic economy on which it depends. In 2003, there was a fundamental statement on the situation of Xian 'an before the reform in the book "Discipline of the District Committee at that time in Xian 'an District, Xianning City, Hubei Province": Xian 'an "is basically fragile in finance, small in total amount, low in operation quality, short in industrial legs and closed in agriculture; Government agencies are bloated, finances are stretched, debts remain high, and "five chaos" (arbitrary charges, arbitrary apportionment, arbitrary fines, etc. ); Foundation depositors often block provincial and municipal governments, and many cadres and masses are pessimistic. " The traditional township supervision mode controls the financial development of rural areas in the central and western regions and affects the stability of rural society. In order to promote the development of the central and western regions, the central government has adopted a series of large-scale development financial policies and achieved considerable results. However, due to the perennial financial blockade, the gap between rural areas in the central and western regions and Tengda has not been shortened, and the social and financial structure has not changed much. In the past, the state implemented the policy of unified purchase and marketing through the national commune system and township government structure, and completed the official business of ordering grain, cotton and oil by the state, especially in rural areas of Central China, in response to the industrialization of the whole country; At present, the source of national fiscal revenue mainly comes from industry and coastal Tengda area, and the circulation of important agricultural products has been marketized. In 2004, the grain tax revenue was only 24 billion yuan, accounting for only a very small share of the national fiscal revenue. Therefore, great changes have taken place in the official business of township governments in the central and western regions, but the traditional supervision structure still exists, and the effect of absorbing energy from large-scale villages still exists, but a lot of energy is consumed in the huge organs of local county and township governments: the limited provision of surplus goods in poor villages conflicts with the expansion of government personnel and the unlimited supply and demand of personnel. Strict tax-sharing system, especially after the reform of village taxes and fees since 2000, has made the finances at the township level even tighter. In many places, it is difficult to pay the salaries of civil servants at the same level, and it is even more difficult to provide public products for village communities. The reform of township management system has reached the point where it is necessary to change.