What are the advantages of prefabricated buildings?

It is necessary to analyze the project cost when the construction industry vigorously promotes prefabricated buildings. Compared with the traditional cast-in-place concrete building, it is necessary to master its cost index and study the key points of cost control. Han Niu. Com is committed to one-stop business service platform, providing efficient services in the fields of industry and commerce finance and taxation, intellectual property, building headhunting, building qualification, education and training, academic upgrading, science and technology, payment and so on. Give full play to the advantages of standardized enterprise management, efficient operation and excellent quality, further expand the brand benefits of the group, constantly innovate quality services and repay the society.

Taking a residential district as an example, according to the design drawings of a residential district, the construction cost of prefabricated integral design is calculated, and the cost of pouring design is also calculated according to the drawings. See table 1 for comparison.

Table 1 Comparison of technical and economic indicators between prefabricated buildings and cast-in-place buildings in residential areas (unit: RMB/m2)

As can be seen from the table 1, the main reasons for the increase in the cost of prefabricated buildings are the excessive increase in the cost of civil engineering, the limited increase in electrical engineering, and the decrease in the cost of decoration engineering, heating engineering and water supply and drainage engineering. The main reason for the increase of civil engineering cost is the high cost of prefabrication and installation of precast concrete components, which involves the component price, support cost, hoisting cost and component transportation cost. The cost of precast concrete members is divided into fixed cost and variable cost. Fixed costs include land costs, plant costs, equipment purchase fees and management fees, and variable costs include materials, power, fuel and labor costs. Due to the influence of the current production scale, fixed costs account for a high proportion in the cost of prefabricated buildings. With the continuous expansion of production scale, this part of the cost should be reduced accordingly.

After analysis, there are several reasons for the high cost of prefabricated buildings: first, the early investment in plant construction, equipment purchase, research and development is relatively large; Second, the transportation cost of spare parts is high. When transporting components, compared with general building materials, the car is not fully loaded, resulting in higher transportation unit price. In addition, component factories are generally far away from the construction site, which will cause higher transportation costs; Thirdly, from the perspective of industrial chain, the connection between planning, design, production, transportation and construction of prefabricated buildings is not very smooth, which also increases a lot of costs; Fourthly, when installing components, large-scale hoisting equipment is generally needed for installation. Many construction enterprises rent large-scale hoisting equipment, and the rental cost is also high. Some enterprises have large-scale lifting equipment, and the equipment purchase cost is relatively large; Fifth, the universality of the components of the assembled building is not strong, and the turnover times of many molds are low, which often fails to reach the normal amortization times of molds, and also increases the unit price of components.

However, prefabricated buildings improve the efficiency of engineering construction, and people often use "making cars" to describe prefabricated houses, because prefabricated buildings, like the automobile industry, belong to advanced manufacturing industries. Assembled components are manufactured uniformly in the factory, which can save energy, land, water and materials to the maximum extent. With the continuous expansion and improvement of the prefabricated building market, the price of prefabricated components will inevitably drop sharply, and the cost difference between prefabricated buildings and traditional cast-in-place buildings will be further narrowed. The advantages of prefabricated buildings are: on the one hand, the employment is greatly reduced, which greatly alleviates the contradiction of labor market shortage; On the other hand, it can shorten the construction period, reduce energy consumption and create more social and economic benefits for us.

In order to popularize prefabricated buildings, the construction unit must grasp the change of cost in time, and make the most reasonable and scientific decision by analyzing the life-cycle cost of buildings, fully considering the factors such as environmental pollution, dust control, energy conservation and environmental protection, construction progress and comprehensive utilization of social human resources.

Assembled building production mode transforms migrant workers in the construction industry into industrial workers, improves the working environment and conditions of workers, and at the same time transforms labor-intensive industries into technology-intensive industries, and transforms extensive management into intensive management. In the short term, the direct cost of prefabricated buildings is still high, but we expect that this situation will change with the vigorous promotion of prefabricated buildings in China, the large-scale production of prefabricated buildings and the recasting of the entire construction industry chain. We believe that in the near future, the structural types of prefabricated buildings will be continuously enriched, and the comprehensive performance of building products will be greatly improved, thus promoting the sustainable development of society.