How did the northern leg of China Wushu come from?

China ancient Wushu, known as Nanquan and Beitui, has different styles and distinctive features. The sun rises from the top of Mount Tai, and in the empty space, it opens wide, leaps forward and stretches generously, which are the characteristics of northern Wushu. The moon hangs on a small bridge in the bamboo forest. The small bridge is full of strength, wide and heavy, fast and compact, which is the characteristic of southern Wushu. Let's be clear here, that is, the martial arts mentioned in this article mainly refers to fist and fist kung fu.

The differences of ancient martial arts styles in China can be distinguished by regions, but the key to this difference lies in the physical differences, that is, the differences of martial arts styles between North and South schools.

In the author's opinion, the gap between the north and the south is due to five random flowers, and the reason for this situation has to start from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Look at two sets of data first. "In the third year of Emperor Huan's reign, there were1677,960 households with 56,486,856 people." ; "In the first year of Taikang Pingwu, there were 2,459,840 households with a population of16163,863."

These two paragraphs are all from the Book of Jin Geography, from which we can see that the population of the Central Plains was 56.48 million in the third year of Yongshou in the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 157), while in the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (A.D. 280), the population of the Central Plains was only161600,000. In just over a hundred years, the population of China has plummeted by more than 30 million, which is not unrelated to the war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the subsequent tripartite confrontation among the three countries.

It should be noted here that the great wars in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty all took place in the Central Plains, and most of the people who lost their population were Han Chinese. On the one hand, the population of Han nationality in the Central Plains has dropped sharply, on the other hand, the northern minorities have moved in on a large scale, and the ethnic structure has also undergone tremendous changes. The Han nationality, which once had an absolute advantage in population proportion, was gradually overtaken by ethnic minorities. In 299 AD, Jiang Tong said in his book Migration to Rong: "There are more than 8 million people in Guanzhong, the rate is much less, and Rong Di lives in half." The number of ethnic minorities here alone has reached 25% of the population, which shows its large number. Under this historical background, different nationalities began to merge gradually, but this process was far from smooth and smooth as expected.

In 304 AD, Li Xiong established the Han Empire in Batian, and the history of Wuhu officially began. In 439 AD, the Northern Wei Dynasty unified North China, the Sixteen Countries ended and the Northern and Southern Dynasties began. In 589 AD, the Sui army, which inherited the northern hegemony, swept across the south of the Yangtze River, and the northern dynasty annexed the southern dynasty and unified the Central Plains. In this nearly 300 years, the northern part of China has been occupied by ethnic minorities. Due to years of wars and frequent massacres, the Han people in the original sense in the north have basically disappeared. During this chaotic period in China, there were indeed ethnic minorities integrated into the Han nationality in culture, but in terms of physical characteristics, at least in the north, the Han nationality integrated into the ethnic minorities, and the physical gap between the north and the south widened rapidly.

Now let's get back to the topic and continue to talk about martial arts. Based on the physical gap, the author thinks that northern Wushu is in a strong position for a long time. To see this point of view, please remove the concept of qigong from martial arts novels. Of course, Qigong exists, but it can never offset the physical gap, and its function is far less obvious than the physical advantage.

Compared with southerners, northerners have long legs, strong physique and outstanding strength, and their martial arts also highlight these characteristics. Boxing, for example, is often smashed, collapsed and rushed, and it also emphasizes throwing, rushing and bumping. These skills are based on strength advantage. As for the application and skills of leg technique, the Southern School is far behind.

The biggest gap between Nanwu and Beiwu in this period lies in the scope and intensity of the attack, especially the latter. Although southern Wushu can make use of the characteristics of flexibility and quickness, it can only offset the gap in attack scope and cannot make up for the absolute gap in strength. If we emphasize strength training, it will inevitably affect the flexibility of the body, so that the defects in the attack range will be exposed. It can be said that the core of the whole development of Nanpai Wushu is to increase the attack intensity on the premise of keeping the body flexible, and when this is realized, it is the time when Nanpai Wushu catches up with Beipai Wushu.

The time is fixed in the Ming Dynasty, which is the era of all-round development of ancient martial arts in China. At this stage, both the North and South schools reached a peak, which means that the South School Wushu has caught up with the North School in the Ming Dynasty. Martial arts circles also believe that the characteristics of southern Wushu were formed in this period. The author has his own views on this point. There is nothing wrong with southern Wushu catching up with northern Wushu in Ming Dynasty, but it cannot be concluded that the characteristics of southern Wushu were formed in this period. In a short period of more than 200 years, southern martial arts should not only form its own characteristics, but also spread to the whole south, resulting in many branches. In addition, it has a great influence on the northern martial arts schools, and it is difficult to achieve it in time. Therefore, the author thinks that the characteristics of southern Wushu should be initially formed in the Song Dynasty, and the appearance of Sanshou in the Southern Song Dynasty is a turning point.

First, let's look at some characteristics of Yue's Sanshou: winning quickly, making fierce moves, paying attention to the use of fingers, emphasizing close contact and personal progress in fighting, and paying attention to interlocking techniques. The greatest contribution of Yuejia Sanshou lies in the emphasis on close-fitting and close-fitting progress in fighting, which directly forms the characteristics of close-fitting bunting of Nanpai Wushu and lays the foundation for the emergence of inch strength. In addition, it is also important to pay attention to the use of fingers. It can be said that it has changed some concepts of southern Wushu: that is, it does not pursue superior strength against opponents, but pays attention to attacking instantaneous attack.

In the Song Dynasty, the characteristics of southern martial arts were initially formed among the people, but they were scattered all over the country. Sanshou in the Yue family is like a silk rope, stringing all the pearls scattered everywhere, laying a technical foundation for the martial arts South School to catch up with the North School, and also laying a folk foundation (this is because Sanshou in the Yue family is fierce and vicious, pays attention to practical results, and adds to the historical background at that time, so it is said). Later, in the Ming Dynasty, southern martial arts could be equally divided with northern martial arts.

The gap from the body can be made up by wisdom, which is reflected in the development and change of skills. The key to catch up with the northern school of Wushu in the end lies in the innovation of techniques, especially the exertion. Is the southern faction embarrassed? Γ? Conway ⅲ? What about the address, mystery, poverty, happiness? ┚ ┚ ┚ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥ ┥. ⅲ? What's the matter with you? What is the allowable value of neon baking? Hey? What's the matter with you? What's the matter with you? What is the ratio of anti-condylar α 5? Are you scared? What's the matter with you? Colorful? Is it true that the disputed ticket is printed?

To some extent, the core of the development of ancient northern Wushu in China lies in maximizing its physical advantages, while the core of the development of southern Wushu lies in how to make up for its own shortcomings with skills.

As mentioned above, in the Ming Dynasty, southern martial arts had a great influence on northern martial arts, which can be seen in octupole boxing. Although octupole boxing belongs to the northern boxing school, it emphasizes close combat. It is similar to the southern school in the steps of waist cutting and horse riding, but it is very different from the southern school in boxing, especially in the application of octupole boxing. The southern faction pays attention to point attack, and octupole boxing is better than face killing. Eight-pole boxing is the most important method, and the "detour" here is completely different from the southern faction. In application, it is closer to "leaning", with shoulders leaning against hips, and using physical advantages to fight hard with opponents. From a technical point of view, Bajiquan combines many techniques of the South School, and at the same time it can add physical advantages in techniques, which can be said to be a kind of boxing that combines the styles of northern and southern martial arts.

The expression "southern boxing with northern legs" can be considered as that in a certain period, southern boxing is stronger than boxing and northern boxing is stronger than legs. However, with the passage of time, northern martial arts will catch up again after absorbing the skills of southern sects. But it didn't matter at that time, because the influence of Southern School Wushu on the development of ancient China Wushu was far greater than that of Northern School Wushu, both in internal concept and external skills. From physical competition to skill competition, later generations have seen the strength of wisdom in the development of Nanpai Wushu, which is the greatest contribution of Nanpai Wushu, which is of vital significance to the development of ancient China Wushu, because it has improved the level and realm of Wushu.

Nanquan description:

Nanquan is a general term for a large-scale boxing that has been popular in the south since the Ming Dynasty. Nanquan is said to have originated from South Shaolin and gradually formed an independent boxing system in the Ming Dynasty. The general characteristics of Nanquan are steady pace, firm fist strength, strong momentum, less jumps and much shorter fists. Nanquan is good at throwing hands and improving strength with sound and qi.

There are many kinds of Nanquan, such as Shaolin Qiaoshou Boxing, Wuzu Boxing, He Quan Boxing and Luohan Boxing in Fujian, Zhou Jia Boxing, Dragon Slayer Boxing and Xiaoce Boxing in Guangxi, and Hongjia Boxing in Zhejiang. Black tiger fist, diamond fist. Hong Men Boxing, Yumen Boxing, Confucius Boxing in Hubei, Wu Jia Boxing, Hongjia Boxing and Xue Jia Boxing in Hunan.

The representative of Nanquan is Guangdong Nanquan, and the representative of Guangdong Nanquan is the "five famous artists". They are:

First, Hong Quan. Hongquan originated from Shaolin Temple and is said to have been created by Hong Xiguan. Hong Xiguan was originally a tea merchant in Zhangzhou, Fujian, and was introduced to the five ancestors of South Shaolin Hong Men. Hongquan was later introduced to Guangdong, including five elements boxing (Golden Boxing, Wooden Boxing, Water Wave Boxing, Rocket Boxing and Land Boxing) and Ten Fists (Dragon Boxing, Snake Boxing, Tiger Boxing, Leopard Boxing, Crane Boxing, Lion Boxing, Elephant Boxing and Horse Boxing). Tieqiaosan, Lin Fucheng, Huang Tai, Huang Feihong, Lin Shirong, etc. It is the largest school in Nanquan.

Description of the northern section:

There is a saying in northern martial arts that "30% of the legs hit seven", which shows the importance of leg work. There are many moves of northern martial arts schools, such as long fist, thrust fist and mantis fist. The twelve tan legs made by coolies in Kung Fu are one of the northern legs. Jet Li, a world movie star, is a typical representative of northern martial arts. The Shaolin Kung Fu he showed in the film Shaolin Temple showed the northern leg in place. In the later PS2 game "Loyalty-the Origin of Honor", SCE directly invited Jet Li to be the image spokesperson. The game perfectly reproduces several movie characters created by Jet Li, and the boxing and leg skills in the game make it orderly. It can be said that for the players who love Hong Kong Kung Fu movies and China Wushu, this is a work that must not be missed.

Chun-Li, a China martial artist in Street Fighter, also used northern martial arts. Her stunts "Bailie Foot" and "Overlord Whirlwind Leg" can well reflect the characteristics of North Leg. Chun-Li is quick in action and quick in jumping. He is good at attacking his opponent with various leg movements. His fighting style is like a gorgeous dancer, beautiful and deadly. In addition, the Seven-Star Manta Boxing used by French guy Leon in VR warrior is also a martial art among the seven famous universities in the north.

In China Wulin, "Southern Boxing and Northern Leg" enjoys a high reputation. Here, I would like to introduce the kicking line Fanzi Boxing, which enjoys the reputation of "Northern Leg Hero". This traditional martial art has a long history. Its characteristics are: combination of fist and fist, good at leg technique, strong technical aggression, combination of attack and defense, combination of rigidity and softness, generous stretch and flexible loop.

Second, Liu Quan. It is said that it was created by Liu Sanyan, and it was also said that it was created by Liu Sheng or Liu Qingshan in the last four schools and spread in Leizhou Peninsula.

Third, all wealth. It was created by Cai Boda and Cai Jiuyi, monks of Fu Shaolin Temple in Fujian, and later spread to Zhongshan and other places in Guangdong, including Cross Boxing, Tian, Xiaoyuntian, Yan, Liu Suimei, Two Instruments and Four Elephants Boxing and so on.

Fourth, Li Quan. According to legend, it was created by Li Sekai, a monk from Southern Shaolin Temple in Fujian, and taught by Li Youshan, a native of Xinhui, Guangdong. First of all, it was created by Li in Huizhou, Guangdong. James Li is popular in Zhongshan, Heyuan, Gaozhou, Longchuan and Guangzhou.

Fifth, don't punch. According to legend, it was created by Zen master Shan Zhi of South Shaolin, Fujian; It is said that it was created by Mo Moshi and later spread to Mo Qingjiao. Spread in the Pearl River Delta.

Most of the five famous fists come from South Shaolin, Fujian. There are some connections with the Hong Men Heaven and Earth Society. The Hong Men Heaven and Earth Society is not only a martial arts school, but also an extremely active Jianghu school.

In addition to the five famous fists, Guangdong Nanquan also includes Cai Lifo Boxing (founded by Sean, a Xinhui, who studied under Chen Yuanhu, Li Youshan and Cai Fu, a monk of Shaolin Temple, and gathered the essence of Cai Jiaquan, Li Jiaquan and Buddhist Boxing, hence the name Cai Lifo Boxing), Tiger and Crane Fists (created by Lin Shirong, a Nanhai native, who combined Hong Boxing and Buddha Boxing into one creation, also known as "Hong Tou Fowei") and Wing Chun Boxing.

Nanquan has formed a unique southern feature in the coastal areas of Guangdong and Fujian. Especially since the Qing Dynasty, it has played an important role in martial arts legendary novels and movies. For example, South Shaolin in Fujian Province is said to be an anti-Qing stronghold, where Hong Men's children and chivalrous men gathered in three mountains and five mountains. Qing soldiers burned South Shaolin, and Hong Xiguan came to Guangzhou, lived in seclusion in the Big Buddha Temple, and opened a martial arts school with a monk. Another example is Fang Shiyu (the first person is Hong Xiguan), the No.2 figure in Guangdong's "Ten Tigers of Shaolin", whose mother Miao Cuihua is the daughter of Miao Xian in the "Five Old Shaolin" and is known as "a generation of women". Fang Shiyu became the hero of many chivalrous cultural works, such as Shaolin Little Hero, Evergreen Tree, Fang Shiyu's Three Visits to Wudang Mountain and Qianlong's Xiajiangnan. In the late Qing Dynasty, there appeared "Ten Tigers in Guangdong" in Nanquan, among which Su of Tieqiao III and V was also the hero of many chivalrous cultural works.