What is the texture of the Buddha sculpture in Mogao Grottoes?

Because the Mogao Grottoes are sandy rocks with loose texture and are not suitable for carving, most of the Buddha statues are painted clay sculptures. Up to now, there are about 729 painted sculptures in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, including 456 "shadow sculptures". Judging from the change of modeling style, it can be roughly divided into two stages, with Emperor Xiaowen and the Reform Movement of 1898 as the boundary. Before the reform, the style of the works mostly retained traces of foreign Buddhist art; The reformed Buddha statues are more influenced by the artistic style of "showing bones and clearing images" in the Central Plains.

Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes have become a dazzling part of Dunhuang art because of their colorful murals, but as far as grotto art is concerned, architecture, sculpture and murals are interdependent and unified as a whole, in which the sculpture part is the main god worshipped by Buddhism and occupies a prominent position in the grotto, so it is the theme of grotto art.