How to view western culture correctly

Question 1: How to look at Western culture dialectically Characteristics of Western culture: Individualism, utilitarianism, scientific and rational spirit, the spirit of democracy and the rule of law, the sense of competition.

The difference between Western and Eastern cultures:

Traditional Chinese culture emphasizes the unity of heaven and man, the mutual response of heaven and man, heaven and earth as one, and stresses the mediocrity, emphasizing the harmony between human beings and nature ****. Western culture emphasizes thinking about nature, separating man from nature, and treating nature as a purely objective material existence with no destiny, only laws.

Chinese culture is y rooted in the soil of small peasant economy, "food is the most important thing for the people", "do not worry about scarcity, but worry about unevenness", the first thing Chinese culture pursues is fairness - which is compatible with the good culture. The attributes of the small peasant economy and Chinese culture inevitably manifest themselves in "emphasizing agriculture over commerce, aversion to competition, egalitarianism, and a lack of desire. On the other hand, the Western culture based on market economy is the opposite, the market economy mechanism is to provide people with the maximum convenience to pursue interests, so the attributes of the Western culture are: the expansion of the commodity economy reproduction, promote the rapid development of industry and commerce, advocate competition against egalitarianism, the commodity production of the members of the community to make the materialistic and strive for enterprising and innovative.

China's ancient culture is attached to patriarchal politics, Chinese culture is based on goodness, the official position, with the tradition of human governance of virtue and punishment, the pursuit of long-term peace and stability, interpersonal harmony to achieve social stability, in order to consolidate power to advocate the "learning and excellence", and advocate the spirit of the spirit of the same, the Western social and political Western culture is a product of the product of culture, said culture transcends politics, not necessarily. Western socio-politics is a product of Western culture, which claims that culture transcends politics, does not necessarily serve politics, and is "art for art's sake", whose main function is to develop science and production. Utilitarianism as the standard of social morality, light benevolence, of course, completely beyond the political culture does not exist.

Social goals are different Chinese culture is a great unity, emphasizing the unity of the world, set in one, focus on centralization and light decentralization, focus on the central light local. "Peace in the world, long-term stability" is the ideal social goal of Chinese culture, and for this reason, advocates the integration of "cultivation of the body, the family, the state, and the world". While the Western culture of multiple conflicts must lead to the coexistence of multiple societies, starting from Ancient Greece, city-states, the modern West is even more diverse, in the relationship between the individual and the community, Western culture emphasizes the individual, that the individual is the foundation of the country, the society should be the full development of the society of all people, and therefore the society should be open rather than closed.

The nature of culture is different from the Chinese culture belongs to the humanistic culture. Emphasis on human relationships, light on objects, value orientation to morality as the center. It emphasizes synthesis, not analysis. Emphasis on meaning, light words. It emphasizes quiet observation, metaphysical exploration and materialistic knowledge. Advocating group consciousness, emphasizing homogeneity. The pursuit of harmony between man and nature. Western culture belongs to rational culture. Emphasis on materialism, light humanism, value orientation to utilitarianism as the center. Emphasis on analysis, light synthesis. Emphasize concepts, avoid generalization, emphasize human rights, advocate the supremacy of the individual, attach importance to the identification of the particular, emphasize the opposition between man and nature, and emphasize the harmony between man and nature. Emphasize the antagonism between man and nature, and man's demand for nature.

How to look at Western culture, on the one hand, we should critically inherit the excellent national traditional culture and innovate on this basis, on the other hand, we should open up in all aspects and boldly absorb the advanced science, culture, technology and progressive values from foreign countries. We should not blindly inherit traditions, nor should we "westernize" them uncritically. In dealing with cultural issues, "seeking truth from facts" and "taking the essence and discarding the dross", "using the foreign for Chinese and the ancient for the modern" and "promoting the new". "The same is true for comrade ***, who has also repeatedly stated that we must Comrade *** also repeatedly stated that we must "seek truth from facts", must learn and borrow from our traditional culture and all the advanced things of the capitalist countries, and at the same time must resolutely oppose the corrupt ideas of feudalism and capitalism, and resolutely remove the spiritual pollution from this aspect. He said: socialist economy is based on public ownership, production is to maximize the material and cultural needs of the people, not exploitation. Because of these features of the socialist system, our people can have **** the same political and economic and social ideals, **** the same moral standards, which can never be found in a capitalist society". He also said: "Capitalism has a history of several hundred years, the science and technology developed and the useful knowledge and experience accumulated by the people of all countries under the capitalist system are what we must inherit and learn, we must systematically and selectively bring in the advanced technology of the capitalist countries and other things that are useful to us, but we must not learn from and introduce the capitalist system, must not learn from and bring in the capitalist system, must not learn from and bring in the capitalist system, and must not learn from and bring in the capitalist system. But we must not learn and introduce the capitalist system, and we must not learn and introduce ugly and decadent things."

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Question 2: How to correctly deal with the thinking of Western culture The problem of selfishness is much more common in China than stupidity and disease, and it seems that there is no one who is not suffering from this problem from top to bottom. When it comes to the public, it almost means that everyone can take advantage of a little bit of the meaning of the right but not the obligation.　Our pattern is not a bundle of clearly tied firewood, but as if a stone thrown on the surface of the water occurs in a circle to push out the ripples of the water. Each individual is the center of a circle pushed out by his social influence. Those who are pushed by the ripples of the circle are connected. The circle is not necessarily the same for each person in a given place at a given time. The most important kinship relationships in our society are of this nature of throwing stones to form concentric ripples.　Kinship is a social relationship based on the facts of procreation and marriage. From the web formed by procreation and marriage, it can be pushed out all the way to include an infinite number of people, past, present and future. This web is like a spider's web with a center, oneself. Each of us has such a web that goes out by kinship, but no one covered by the web is the same.　The institutions of mutual aid and the network of relationships that the family forms in fixed life are more like spheres of influence than groups. The so-called differential order pattern has the ability to stretch. In the countryside vernacular society, the family can be very small, while once it reaches the rich landowners and bureaucratic class, it can be as big as a small country. The Chinese are particularly sensitive to the world's harshness, precisely because this flexible social circle can change in size according to changes in the central power.　In Western society, it is the boundaries of the regiment, the qualifications for entry, that are recognized. In them it is not a question of recognition, it is a question of rights. In Western society, it's about power, but in ours, it's all about relationships and friendships.　Centered on oneself, like a stone thrown into the water, the social relationship with others is not like the molecules of a group standing on a plane, but like the ripples of the water, pushing out in circles, pushing farther and farther away, and also pushing thinner and thinner. Here we encounter the basic characteristic of the Chinese social structure: Lun - the discipline in the network formed by people's dealings with each other. The order of equidistance.　In this flexible network, there is always and everywhere a "self" at the center. This is not individualism, but egoism. The individual speaks to the group, the molecule to the whole. In individualism there is, on the one hand, the idea of equality, which means that the members of a group are equal and that the individual cannot violate the rights of all; and, on the other hand, the idea of a constitution, which means that the group cannot overrule the individual, but can only control the individual insofar as the individual is willing to surrender his or her share of the rights. These concepts must first assume the existence of a group. This is not the case in our traditional Chinese thinking, because all we have is egoism, the doctrine that all values are centered on "self".　In the differential pattern, social relations are gradually pushed out from one person to another, and it is the increase of private ties that makes the social sphere a network of private ties, and therefore, all social morality in our traditional society has its meaning only in the context of private ties.　

Question 3: How to correctly understand and treat the cultural differences between China and the West Every country in the world has created a different civilization, and culture includes both material culture and spiritual culture, science and technology, and natural culture, etc.

1) The culture of the world, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, the culture of the people, and the culture of the people.

1, we should respect the culture of other countries, it is because of a variety of cultural exchanges to make the world a better place, to this point, we must hold the ocean-like mind to accept all the different cultures.

2. We should learn from the material and spiritual culture of other advanced civilizations to develop ourselves and serve our own people.

3. For the corrupt and backward spiritual culture of other countries, we must ***, so as not to encroach on our thinking, in short, to take the essence and remove the dross.

4. Actively promote the development of advanced civilized culture. vulgar and unhealthy culture!

Question 5: How to see the influence of Western culture on Chinese culture American culture, now has influenced every aspect of our lives, food, movies, clothing, values and marriage. For example, on the streets, you can see young people wearing European, American, Japanese and Korean hip-hop style clothes, with oversized earplugs in their ears, humming as they walk, or wearing exploding heads full of metal jewelry; KFC, McDonald's, Zumbo Pizza and other food attracts a large number of customers; in the video store, rock, hip-hop and other popular music is put on the most prominent shelves, and our traditional folk music has been forgotten in the inconspicuous place; In movie theaters, Hollywood blockbusters are the most popular, and their thrilling footage and stunts attract a lot of people's attention, and the box office soars all the way; nowadays, there are even more festivals, and Valentine's Day, April Fool's Day, and Christmas have caught up with the Chinese New Year in terms of their grandeur.

Especially as the media (movies, TV programs, books, audiovisual products, and online services, etc.) impact the Chinese cultural market (especially after China's accession to the World Trade Organization, these cultural impacts have become more obvious, more intense, and more white-hot), the values of Chinese youth are subconsciously Americanized. At present, there is still a great distance between China and the developed countries in terms of economy and technology, and the cultural industry is not developed enough to satisfy the high standard of clothing, food, housing and transportation of some teenagers, which makes teenagers adore and yearn for the United States. Part of the youth's cultural value center of gravity in favor of Western culture, "Westernized" ideas are very popular among these young people. In the rapid development of network technology, the openness of the network, the global network so that the United States and other developed countries in the West can easily break through the national boundaries and geographical restrictions to implement cultural hegemony, infiltration of values, the expansion of cultural influences,

After the reform and opening up, the Western food industry, a large number of China, the impact of China's catering industry, and part of the change of the Chinese people's dietary habits. The most influential was fast food, a way of eating that fits the fast-paced life of contemporary people, and thus KFC and McDonald's blossomed all over Shenzhou. Chinese fast food also came into being, changing the Chinese people's eating habits of chewing and swallowing slowly. In the face of the powerful impact of American Internet culture, Chinese youths may develop a sense of closeness, trust, and even identification and dependence if they are exposed to it too much. This cultural intrusion will not only blur the young generation's recognition of their own culture and national identity, weakening their sense of nationality, but even make them become worshipers of American culture. Due to the impact of American culture, Chinese society has become more open to all kinds of concepts about marriage, and the tolerance of the society has obviously increased, and the divorce rate, ***, etc. are obviously contrary to the traditional cultural concepts of our country. Therefore, when we absorb the good side of foreign culture, we should always be vigilant to pay attention to ourselves. The impact of foreign culture makes people appear new and foreign trends, hedonism, individualism has risen, so that the traditional moral line is facing the crisis of distortion and deformation, but also the people's political ideology is facing challenges.

Question 6: How to look at the Chinese and Western cultures The historical process of human beings has provided an extremely rich culture for future generations, and accumulated useful successes and painful failures, which is a huge valuable wealth and an important resource for human beings to move towards civilization. We should make full use of these resources, open up their horizons, change the traditional mindset, cultivate a wide range of interests, and improve their own cultural cultivation.

Cultural cultivation is an important part of a person's comprehensive quality. The level of cultural cultivation is not only related to the quality of the individual, but also directly affects the individual's concept of profit consciousness, which includes both values, outlook on life and morality; at the same time, it also affects the physical and mental health of people. Therefore, it is very necessary and important to improve everyone's own cultural cultivation.

One of the most important reasons why human beings have been able to create a rich material and spiritual civilization is that they have been able to constantly summarize the history of their own development, draw useful experience from it, and accept the painful lessons. Thus, mankind has been able to advance itself from the low to the high level and society from barbarism to civilization. In this sense, history can give people wisdom and enlightenment.

In the process of culture, the Eastern and Western cultures have grown along the river of time, and each has its own characteristics.

I. The Different Characteristics of Chinese and Western Cultures: Balance and Realism

The different cultural characteristics of the Chinese and Western peoples, i.e., balance and realism, also reflect the differences in the concepts and consciousness among the peoples. And these two basic cultural characteristics have specific manifestations in specific cultural phenomena and literary and artistic works: i.e., traditional Chinese culture is characterized by steadiness, calmness, harmony and writing; traditional Western culture is characterized by distinctive personalization and strong realism.

1. Chinese traditional culture advocates balance, characterized by stability, calmness and harmony

The pursuit of balance. Is the Chinese people in the long-term agricultural production of a small formation of a specific concept, agricultural production by the seasonal changes and crop growth law constraints, the need for stable social order; agricultural production at any time facing the threat of natural disasters, the need for people to unite and cooperate, to build a stable, harmonious interpersonal relations; crop growth needs of natural climatic conditions, a variety of meteorological factors: Crop growth requires natural climatic conditions, various meteorological factors, such as light, temperature and waterproofing, all of which need to be appropriate, i.e., "not too much, not too little". The traditional Chinese martial art of Tai Chi Kung, emphasizing the combination of rigidity and flexibility, the ancients believed that heaven and earth, yin and yang, day and night, are relative, to maintain their balance. Harmony between man and man, and the balanced development of man and nature.

Confucius on the "way of man" put forward the idea of "mediocrity": "gentleman mediocrity, the small man against the small temple". Ming Dynasty scientists explained the "mediocrity": "the middle, impartiality, yuan over less than". That is to say, a person can be left, right radical, need to develop and move forward along the direction of integrity. This understanding of the integrity of the world, but also become the Chinese nation's *** knowledge, which also developed the Chinese people adhere to the principle of right and wrong excellent character.

The traditional Chinese diet is characterized by "balance" and is mostly empirical. In ancient times, according to their own personal practice, people will be divided into a variety of food temperature, heat, cool, cold, four "attributes", also known as "four gas", and according to the taste is divided into pungent, sour, sweet, bitter, salty and so on, "five flavors! ". The "balance" of the traditional Chinese diet is based on the "attributes" and "five flavors" of various foods, matching different foods together to achieve the "four qi" and "five flavors". The "balance" is based on the "attributes" and "flavors" of different foods, so that they can achieve the "balance" of the "four qi" and "five flavors".

In contrast, because of the fast pace of life and work in the West, the convenience of fast and clean way of eating and the lack of nutrition to make up for what nutrition has become the main theme, but also shows the difference between realism in the diet.

2. Characteristics of traditional Western culture: realism

Western peoples affected by animal husbandry production, and the formation of many unique concepts of which the most prominent and important is realism, that is, attention to the reality.

2.1 The reflection of realism in Western social life

The concept of realism is very obvious in Western social life. It is very obvious. It is reflected in the fact that the western people's view of society, human relations, and daily life are all based on reality.

The Western concept of "over-consumption", i.e., the first consumption, after the repayment of the loan, is to start from the reality. First consider the actual needs of the immediate, to meet the needs of people on the reality. As for the next step of repayment, but also according to the real needs of the decision, so Westerners often repeat the phenomenon of borrowing.

The concept of realism has also played an important role in the history of the development of civilization of the Western nation and society. A series of major inventions in the modern history of the world and the establishment of the modern system of natural science disciplines are basically the contributions of people who were historically descended from nomadic peoples.

The concept of realism is also reflected in the foreign policy of Western countries. "Roundtable ...... >>

Question 7: How to correctly understand and evaluate the concept of Western culture The word culture originated in Latin, meaning the cultivation of the land (so horticulture in English as Horticulture), and was later derived from the cultivation of a person's interest, spirit and intelligence. The British anthropologist Edward Taylor, in his book Primitive Cultures. Taylor in the book "Primitive Culture" (1871), for the first time to mention culture as a concept, and expressed as "culture is a complex, which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, as well as their socially acquired abilities and habits." It is thus clear that culture is a complex system with an extremely broad scope. Culture in the broad sense refers to the sum of material and spiritual wealth created by human beings in the course of social and historical practices. In a narrow sense, culture refers to the ideology of a society, as well as its corresponding institutions and organizations. Culture, as an ideology, is a reflection of, and acts on, the politics and economy of a certain society. With the emergence and development of a nation, culture has a national character. Every social form has its own culture, and every culture develops with the development of social and material production.

The cultural differences between China and the West are manifested in many ways:

First, the difference between Chinese and Western speech

In China, showing concern for someone's health is a sign of being educated and polite. But showing concern for the health of a Westerner is not the traditional Chinese way. When a Chinese student learns that his American teacher is sick, he says with concern, "You should go to see a doctor! Unexpectedly, this thoughtful remark makes the teacher very unhappy. In the teacher's opinion, even a child knows how to go to the doctor when he is sick, and he doesn't need to be told how to do it. To give advice about something so trivial would be to cast doubt on the person's ability, and thus would do great harm to his or her self-esteem. Chinese hospitality at the dinner table is often misinterpreted by Westerners as uncivilized behavior. Because Westerners believe that a guest can eat as much or as little as he or she wants without the host adding more food or wine, and that it is not decent to overeat, the host does not have to persuade the guest to eat again after he or she has eaten. An American guest was so disturbed by his Chinese host's incessant food-grabbing that he complained afterward, "The host treats me like a pig." When Chinese people meet an acquaintance, they often say, without fear of contradiction, "Oh, man, you've gotten fat again lately." Or in a concerned tone, "Man, you've lost weight again, take care of your health!" Westerners who hear you say "you are fat" or "you are so thin", even if they are familiar with you, will feel embarrassed and have difficulty in answering.

Question 8: How to treat traditional Chinese culture and Western culture To adhere to the dialectical view of negation, first, dialectical negation is self-negation through the internal contradiction of things; second, negation is the link of development and linkage, and it is abandonment, that is, both overcoming and retaining. To treat traditional culture, we should adopt a critical attitude of inheritance, criticize and eliminate the dregs of feudalism, absorb the essence, and "use the past for the present" and "promote the new". At the same time, we must oppose the historical nihilism that rejects traditional culture and the retrofuturism that affirms traditional culture in its entirety. At the same time, it is necessary to oppose the historical nihilism that totally denies traditional culture and the retroism that totally affirms traditional culture. It is necessary to oppose the narrow nationalism of closed-door self-defense and blind xenophobia, and at the same time to oppose the wrong tendency of revering the foreign *** and total westernization.

Question 9: How to correctly view and understand the contemporary culture of the West Every country in the world has created a different civilization. Culture includes both material culture, but also spiritual culture, science and technology, natural culture and so on.

First of all, we should respect the culture of other countries, it is because of the exchange of many cultures to make the world a better place. In this regard, we must accept all different cultures with an open mind like the sea.

Secondly, we should learn from the advanced civilization of other countries to develop our own material and spiritual culture to serve our own people.

Thirdly, we should be determined to *** the corrupt and backward spiritual culture of other countries, so as not to intrude into our minds. In general, we should take the best and remove the dross.

Fourth, actively promote the development of advanced civilization culture. I believe you already have the answer in your heart.

Fourth, actively promote the development of advanced civilization culture.