Xi 'an has a place about the legend of Qixi. What's its name?

As an intangible cultural heritage protection project in Chang 'an District of Xi 'an, the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl on Tanabata has a long and heavy historical and cultural tradition and rich and precious realistic cultural elements in Xi 'an. Located in Doumen Sub-district Office of Chang 'an District, the site of Kunming Lake, the stone carving of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, the Shi Ye Temple and the Shipo Temple represent the ancient and vast historical and cultural space of Xi's Tanabata tradition. The formation and inheritance of the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and the rise and development of Valentine's Day in China have left a deep historical track here. Today, there are still many traditional Qixi folk activities around Doumen Town. There are large-scale Shipo temple fairs on the 17th day of the first month and the 7th day of July, with a complete and active belief in the Weaver Girl and the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. Valentine's Day in China has been listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list, and it ranks as one of the six traditional festivals in China along with the Spring Festival. The legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl in Chang 'an has been included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage list in Shaanxi Province, and it is being declared as a national-level list.

1.Xi Tanabata historical and cultural space. In120th BC, in order to practice the water army and conquer the southwest countries, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dug the Kunming Pool, which is 40 miles away from Fiona Fang, on the basis of Lingchi in the southwest of Chang 'an, the capital city. The construction of Kunming Pool has also properly solved the water supply problem of Chang 'an City, making it a city full of aura. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty often boated here to enjoy the scenery. Kunming Lake, built in Qing Dynasty in Beijing, has exactly the same function as Kunming Lake in Han Dynasty.

When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dug Kunming Pool, he imitated the scene where the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl looked at each other across the Tianhe River. Stone carvings of morning glory and weaver girl stand on both sides of Kunming pool, symbolizing the arrival of stars in the sky. From then on, the mythical Cowherd and Weaver Girl had a concrete image for the first time. Zhinv Stone Carving is now located in Doumen Cotton Flour Processing Factory in Chang 'an District, and Petunia Stone Carving is now located at the junction of Nanfeng Village and Changjiazhuang Village in Doumen, with a distance of about 1.5 km. 1956 was listed as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Shaanxi province. The morning glory stone carving is 258 cm high, with the right hand on the chest and the left hand on the abdomen. His body is kneeling, his upper body is slightly twisted to the left, his eyes are wide, his nose is wide and his expression is simple and honest. The stone carving of Vega is 228 cm high, with a slightly twisted upper body to the right, heavy eyebrows and a melancholy expression. They face each other from afar, but they can't meet each other, silently telling the suffering of lovesickness, just as the nineteen ancient poems say: "Morning glory is far away, and girls are beautiful." Skillful hands, make a loom. There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down. The river is clear and shallow, and there are many differences. There is no language between water and water. "

With the passage of time, the stone carvings of Cowherd and Weaver Maid in Chi Pan, Kunming, have been handed down as two gods, and are honored as "Master Shi" and "Shipo". In 798 AD, a temple was built to offer sacrifices, and incense flourished for thousands of years. Qiu Min wrote in the Annals of Chang 'an in the Northern Song Dynasty: "In the 14th year of Tang Zhenyuan, the Shigong Temple was established", and its "Shigong Temple is located in the right of Kunming, 35 miles southwest of the county". According to documents, this is the earliest temple dedicated to the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in China.

As a national political and cultural center, ancient Chang 'an provided a very good cultural space for the rise and development of Qixi. "Miscellanies of Xijing" records that "women in the Han Dynasty often wear seven-hole needles in the building on July 7, and everyone is there". This is the earliest record of Qixi activity in ancient literature. In the Tang Dynasty, Qixi culture reached its peak, forming the first peak in history. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty attached great importance to Tanabata, and built a Qiaoqi Building in the palace, which was 100 feet high and could accommodate dozens of people. Every tanabata, it is full of joy, attracting people to follow suit and become more popular. Cui Hao said, "The moon in Chang 'an City is like practicing. Every household is holding a needle and thread this night. Yu Pei is free, and there is no meeting between heaven and earth. "It was a true portrayal of the grand occasion of Chang 'an Tanabata at that time.

2.Xi's realistic cultural space of Tanabata. Shi Ye Temple and Shipo Temple have experienced vicissitudes, destruction and reconstruction since ancient times. According to the local old man, Shipo was buried underground, and it was not until the Qing Dynasty that she was washed away by the flood that the flood receded. It is believed that the stone broke and saved one side. So, someone rolled a hole for Shipo with adobe. The three pavilions were built in the early years of the Republic of China and demolished during the Cultural Revolution. In 1980s, the local people spontaneously rebuilt the Shipo Temple, which has two halls and covers an area of 10 mu.

Shipo Temple now has two major temple fairs every year. First, around the 17th day of the first lunar month, local legends say that the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl get married. The second is the day when the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meet around the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. Shipo Temple Fair usually lasts for three to five days. Pilgrims are mostly in Guanzhong, Shaanxi, as far away as Gansu, Shanxi, Henan and other provinces. At the peak, there are tens of thousands of people every day, beating gongs and drums, dancing yangko, playing community fires and setting off firecrackers, which are as lively as the Spring Festival. In contrast, the incense in Shi Ye Temple is relatively deserted. Although it was once brilliant in history, it is still in a very humble small temple for various reasons.

Good men and women at the temple fair have their own desires, mainly for children, marriage, wealth, longevity, recovery and happiness. They believe that Shipo can be as merciful as Guanyin Bodhisattva, free from troubles and pains, and be responsive. Shipo is famous for seeing a doctor. It is said that it is good to touch the corresponding part of Shipo. In front of the statue of Shipo, young men and women burn incense and bow down to Shipo, praying for a happy marriage and ingenuity.

The temple built a simple bridge with tree trunks, named Queqiao. It is said that if you cross the bridge, you can get a happy marriage. Young men and women scrambled to cross the bridge. A makeshift theater was built next to the temple, and the audience was crowded with people watching the play. They all sing traditional Shaanxi opera, and the atmosphere is very lively from morning till night.

As night falls, there are vigils everywhere outside the temple. It is said that sleeping here can help Shiva's spiritual sense, eliminate disasters and get help. Some people gathered in the hall to listen to the distant chanting of Buddhism, while others sang along and stayed up all night. There are many kinds of classics, most of which advocate goodness.

In addition to the above activities, there is also an interesting custom, which is to provide bedding and kowtow to the stone kang where the cowherd and the weaver girl sleep. I hope they will relive their honeymoon here tonight. There is a big stone in the temple, three meters square, and there is a small canal like running water on the stone surface. Legend has it that one day Cowherd accidentally wetted the Kang and washed it into two small canals. Weaver girl is very angry. She slapped Cowherd in the face and pushed him to the Doumen in the four miles of Lishi Broken Temple, and the two separated from each other. Therefore, two stone statues can only look at each other silently.

Although the scale of Shibao Temple is small, it has rich folk culture accumulation. After two thousand years' baptism, the Stone Temple in Chang 'an has condensed the essence of the traditional culture of Qixi, and still retains many original ecological cultural characteristics. According to historical records, praying for wealth, longevity, having children and keeping vigil for cowherd and weaver girl are the main contents of ancient Qixi folk activities.

Compassion for the world and persuasion for the good are the essence of the folk culture of Shibao Temple, which embodies the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.

3. The idea of remolding and expanding the cultural space of Xi Qixi. As an intangible cultural heritage, Xi's Tanabata traditional culture plays a non-renewable role and should be paid attention to. The reason why Xidoumen still retains a relatively complete traditional Qixi cultural custom is that there are good cultural carriers and cultural spaces such as Kunming Pool, Cowherd and Weaver Girl Stone Carving, Shi Ye Temple and Shipo Temple. Protecting cultural space is the carrier of protecting the inheritance of folk culture. Therefore, it is suggested that the Qixi Cultural Theme Park be built on the site of Kunming Pool, so as to provide a new carrier and cultural space for protecting and promoting the traditional customs of xi Qixi, and explore effective ways to protect intangible cultural heritage.

Xi's Doumen not only has the real carrier of Petunia, the stone carving of Weaver Girl, Shi Ye Temple and Shipo, but also has the moving legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl and a deep-rooted mass base. In such a place with profound historical and cultural heritage, the construction of Qixi Cultural Park can effectively utilize the unique cultural resources of Shibao Temple and its surrounding areas, and let people have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the folk activities of Qixi in xi 'an. On the premise of giving priority to protection, rational development and utilization of resources is the real protection.

Valentine's Day in China is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, which has a wide and lasting influence on Chinese at home and abroad. National, traditional, belongs to the world. The history and culture of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is a valuable spiritual wealth of China and the world, and it has the conditions to go to the whole country and the world.