What are the obvious similarities and differences between ancient intellectuals and modern China intellectuals?

Ancient intellectuals were generally called "scholars". Scholars are a social stratum formed by the development of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties in ancient China. Ranked first among the four, but also the lowest level in the aristocratic hierarchy. "In the feudal system of the Zhou Dynasty, scholars were the lowest stratum of the aristocratic class, and above them were doctors, while below them were the so-called Shu Ren. Under the strict feudal system, the identity of a scholar is relatively fixed. "Book of Rites" says: Be upright, cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's character, and rule the country and rule the world. This is the main creed advocated by ancient intellectuals in Confucian tradition. Even if you can't rule the country and level the world, at least you should "be immune to it and help the people." "

In modern China, intellectuals were a specific class (or occupation) that originated from social needs. Their main feature is that they have knowledge and decide their social behavior according to their own knowledge, thus playing their social roles. Therefore, the unique nature and role of intellectuals in the development of any specific civilization and society are different, which depends not only on the social foundation, but also on the knowledge they believe in. This is the main difference between the two, and the similarity is to meet the social needs, specific products or occupations in a specific historical period.