China's Traditional Culture, Political Events and Confucianism

China's Traditional Culture, Political Events and Confucianism

An important school founded by Confucius at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. History of Arts and Literature in Han Dynasty listed it as the first of the "Nine Scholars" from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the early Han Dynasty, saying: "Confucian scholars came to Stuart's official position to help the people follow the Yin and Yang and enlighten the people", and also said that his theory "wanders in six ways, pays attention to benevolence and righteousness, describes Yao and Shun by ancestors, is civil and military, worships, pays attention to their words, and takes Tao as the top priority". Advocate "rites and music" and "benevolence and righteousness", advocate "loyalty and forgiveness" and "golden mean" that is impartial and goes too far. Politically, we advocate "rule by virtue", "benevolence" and "kingliness", and attach importance to ethical education and self-cultivation. Confucianism is the largest school among the pre-Qin philosophers. During the Warring States period, it was divided into eight schools, namely "Eight Confucians", among which Xun and Meng were the most important. Qin and early Han dynasties were once depressed. After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "ousted a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone", Confucianism gradually became the mainstream of China feudal society, and developed with the changes of history and the needs of the ruling class. In the Han Dynasty, there were modern Confucian classics and divination represented by Dong Zhongshu and Liu Xin. In Wei and Jin Dynasties, Wang Bi and Yan He explained the metaphysics of Confucian classics with Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's thoughts. In the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu advocated Confucian orthodoxy and expelled Buddhism. During the Song and Ming Dynasties, there were two schools of Neo-Confucianism, namely Zhu Cheng and Lu Wang, both of which adopted Buddhism and Taoism. In the early Qing Dynasty, there was a dispute between Sinology and Song Studies. After the middle period, there was a dispute between modern Confucian classics and ancient Confucian classics. Around the May 4th Movement, with the gradual decline of feudal society, it lost its position as the dominant ideology. Confucianism had the greatest influence on China Thought for the longest time, maintained the stability and development of feudal society, was the main body of feudal culture in China, and preserved rich national cultural heritage for later generations. But in modern times, it gradually became the shackles of the feudal ruling class to imprison people's thoughts, which seriously hindered the development of society.