Characteristics of ancient buildings in wooden buildings

First, give priority to with wooden structure system. The wood structure system has many advantages: the maintenance structure is separated from the support structure, and the seismic performance is high; The materials are convenient and the construction speed is fast. At the same time, wood structure also has many shortcomings: it is easy to be corroded by fire, termites and rain, and its duration is shorter than that of masonry buildings; Due to the increase of engineering quantity, the demand for finished wood is in short supply; It is difficult for beam-frame system to realize complex architectural space.

Second, China's wood structure system has always adopted the structural principle of frame system: adding four columns, beams and vertical purlins to form a "house", and general buildings are composed of odd rooms, such as three rooms, five rooms, seven rooms and nine rooms. The more bays there are, the higher the water level is. There are eleven rooms in the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City, which is the highest existing ancient wooden structure. The facade is divided into abutment, roof and roof.

3. Bucket is a key component in China wood frame structure, and its function is to support the weight of the overhanging part by projecting cantilever beams from the columns.

Fourth, the unique external contour: multi-storey abutment, brightly colored curved sloping roof and courtyard-style building present a vast space. More than 2000 years ago, quadrangle architecture appeared in the brick paintings of Han tombs, and the Forbidden City, the largest architectural complex in Ming and Qing Dynasties, also adopted a complex enclosure form.

Extended data:

Ancient architectural style

1. In the northern loess area, the ancients used the characteristics of loess, or built walls with adobe or rammed earth to build houses or caves to live in. Later, bricks and tiles were fired with loess, making it convenient and durable to build a house. In the south, the climate is humid and rainy, so people use bamboo and wood as building materials to build houses to live in.

2. Southwest minority areas are located in subtropics, and bamboo and wood are often used to build pole-column buildings. There is little rain and drought on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, so many thick-walled flat-topped bunkers have been built. In Mongolia, tent houses (yurts) are built according to the habit of nomadic people living on aquatic plants, which is easy to dismantle and move.

3. Islamic architecture in the west likes to use pointed arch architecture. In a word, people of all ethnic groups in ancient times built their own buildings with different national styles according to natural conditions and possible local building materials, and according to their own lifestyles and needs. * * * enriched the content of ancient architecture in China, and * * * made its own contribution to the development of ancient architecture of the Chinese nation.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Architecture in China