What is the reason for the special state of existence in Yu Hua's Living?

First of all, political instability is the root of the Fu Gui family tragedy. In China's traditional thought, as long as you have a good life, it is enough for your wife and children to warm the kang, but it backfires. Fu Gui experienced a series of political changes: War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation, the founding of New China, land reform, people's commune movement, iron and steel smelting, three-year natural disasters and the Cultural Revolution. ...

Fu Gui has experienced so many changes, it can be said that his life is a condensed history of China in the 20th century. Fu Gui's life also rises and falls with the political situation: at first, he lost everything because of gambling debts, and after paying off his debts, he just wanted to live with his family, but God played tricks on people and they lost to reality. Fu Gui went to the city to get a doctor for his mother, but he was caught pulling a gun and spent several years in prison.

Among them, the deaths of Dragon and Chunsheng are the most distinctive social tragic factors. Because of the land reform, Long Er threatened to intimidate the former tenants and was finally shot by the government. Chunsheng was branded a capitalist roader during the Cultural Revolution. "Chunsheng's head thumped like a hole, and the whole person fell to the ground." "Spring life on the ground is like a dead piece of meat, let them kick with their feet." Finally, Chunsheng couldn't stand suicide.

There are political reasons for the death of Qing. A lively teenager died at the hands of a "angels in white", and the doctor said, "Nonsense!" Just ignore the past. This tragedy was caused by the chaotic social factors at that time. In order to save the county magistrate's wife, others can sacrifice, and others' lives are not their own. The concept of valuing officials over the people has always been rooted in everyone's heart, and the bottom people, who are mainly rich, can't get justice for themselves. Through novels, we know more about how difficult and sad the life of ordinary people is.

Fu Gui has experienced a series of political changes. In addition to this series of political changes, the changes in the national economic system have also affected the fate of the Fu Gui family. The Great Leap Forward and the People's Commune Movement were the most influential. During this period, industrial and agricultural production was greatly damaged, the economic proportion was seriously unbalanced, and people's lives were seriously difficult.

In the novel, everyone in the village smashes steel and then goes to the canteen to eat big pot rice. Of course, this situation won't last long, and then there will be three years of natural disasters. People in the village go out to beg every day, and so do other places. Many people starve to death in both rural and urban areas. Youqing was too hungry to walk and had to drink water. Xia Feng turned blue with hunger. In this disaster, everyone has undergone a difficult test. What to eat has become the most concerned and worrying issue for people.

There is also a detailed description in the article: Xia Feng finally dug up a sweet potato, and Wang Si bullied her and said that she turned it herself. Xia Feng almost killed himself for a sweet potato, and the hateful thing is that the captain also took a piece of the action and took a big piece. In fact, a sweet potato can't solve the problem of food and clothing at all, but in those days, a sweet potato could kill people, which shows how precious food is. Later, Jia Zhen went to the city to bring back a small bag of rice from her parents' house. When the captain had to leave a handful, Jia Zhen cried bitterly. Bitter roots eat beans to death, which shows that ordinary people can't even eat beans at ordinary times, which is enough to show the difficult living conditions of ordinary people at that time.

The author shows Fu Gui's life with his life. Fu Gui buried his relatives again and again, and survived from suffering again and again. Everything, I have to say, depends on one word-forbearance. Fu Gui's own personality and thoughts oppressed him and made him a tragedy.

The consciousness of small farmers caused by thousands of years of self-sufficient farming culture has formed the ideology of that generation to pursue stability and conservatism. Fu Gui's values were also formed under the consciousness of small farmers. When making steel, when the captain asked each family to take out their own pots, Fu Gui took out his own pots. When Xia Feng died in hospital during childbirth, Fu Gui didn't resist at all. Youqing died because he donated blood to others, and the hospital didn't even give a statement. Fu Gui should forget it like this. ...

Fu Gui forbeares everywhere, and his conservative thoughts make him slow. Fu Gui's life was full of ups and downs, and he experienced numerous hardships. In the end, he can only "live for living itself". Under the historical background at that time, Fu Gui's image was not just a person, but a representative of a group. As the lowest group in this society, influenced by traditional culture, they are backward in concept, do not know how to resist, and just live to live. It must be said that part of the reason for the tragedy of fate lies in themselves.

The suffering created by the times caused the destruction of Fu Gui's family; The change of economic system affected his bumpy life; The forbearance under the thought of individual small farmers limited his action. Under the comprehensive influence of these factors, the young prodigal son became a poor farmer, and finally became an old man who had to buy cattle to plow the fields and lead a hard life.